Saint-Claude Cathedral
The Cathedral of Saint-Claude or the Cathedral of Saint-Pierre-Saint-Paul-et-Saint-André ( French Cathédrale Saint-Pierre, Saint-Paul et Saint-André de Saint-Claude ) is a church in the city of Saint-Claude in the French department of Jura . The cathedral of the diocese of the same name is a former abbey church of the Abbey of Saint-Claude and dedicated to the three apostles Peter , Paul and Andrew . The church, also called Cathédrale Saint-Pierre, was built as a fortified church in the 14th to 18th centuries in the styles of Gothic , Classicism and Baroque with fortress-like walls . After the secularization of the abbey in 1742 it became the cathedral of the diocese. In 1906 the cathedral was protected as a historical monument and in 1952 was given the title of Basilica minor .
history
The Saint-Claude Cathedral is a successor to the Saint-Claude Abbey. The abbey was founded around 415 under the name Condat Abbey by the Gallo-Roman St. Romanus . The construction of the first church is attributed to St. Eugendus (French: Saint Oyand). In the 9th century there were two churches dedicated to St. Eugendus and the three apostles Peter, Paul and Andrew were dedicated. The church of St-Oyand was rebuilt in the 11th century by Abbot Gauceran, under this church there was a crypt built by St. Hippolyte in the 9th century and dedicated to Saint Martin . At the end of the 12th century this church was called Saint-Claude.
In the 14th century, a bull from the antipope Clement VII dated April 4, 1384 and a letter from his supporter François de Conzié, Archbishop of Narbonne, dated July 3, 1392 enabled the use of income for the construction of the church. From these letters it can be deduced that the construction of today's St. Peter's Church began between these two dates under Abbot Guillaume V. de La Baume (1384 – circa 1411). Work on the apse and shortly afterwards on the facade began. A fire in the abbey in 1418 must have slowed down the work of the church. The Jura archives show that the apse was practically completed in 1421. The same applies to the first two yokes of the choir . In the accounts, Renaud de Beaujeu is named as the builder. He worked with his son Pierre. Construction work on the three-aisled nave and the facade, including the bell tower, progressed very quickly until 1470, when it came to a standstill for no known reason. Louis XI. , who had a special devotion to St. Claudius of Condat , made important donations to complete the construction. Pierre de la Baume, Bishop of Geneva between 1522 and 1544 and Abbot of Saint-Claude, continued construction, but wars interrupted it in the 17th century. The first two vaulted yokes are still missing in the 18th century.
The church was not completed in 1742 when the abbey was converted into a secular canon and the church became the seat of the newly created diocese of Saint-Claude. The facade with a side tower was then quickly completed by a Gothic decoration. The risalit above the entrance is baroque in design.
In 1950 she was founded by Pope Pius XII. raised to the rank of a minor basilica. A plaque at the entrance to the cathedral commemorates this event. The basilica's own insignia are exhibited in the choir.
Furnishing
The cathedral has a rich interior. An altarpiece from the 16th century in the style of the Italian Renaissance is a gift of the Bishop of Geneva. The richly carved choir stalls were created between 1447 and 1450, after the fire on the southern side in 1983 it was reproduced true to the original. The organ is in the Louis-seize style, valuable glass paintings date from the 15th century. The Saint-Claude chapel keeps the relics of St. Claudius.
literature
- Gustave Duhem, La cathédrale de Saint-Claude , pp. 132-144, Congrès archéologique de France. Edition 118. Franche-Comté. 1960 , Société Française d'Archéologie, Paris, 1960
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Entry no. PA00102013 in the Base Mérimée of the French Ministry of Culture (French)
- ^ Basilique-Cathédrale Saint-Pierre on gcatholic.org
Coordinates: 46 ° 23 '11 " N , 5 ° 51' 59" E