Kelsgau

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Kelsgau was in the broader context of today's district Kelheim located early medieval dominion.

Origin of name

The "Chelesgau", which belonged to the "Nortgowe" , the possible forerunner of today's Upper Palatinate , was first mentioned in a diploma from King Ludwig the Pious on April 4, 844, in which the monastery Sankt Emmeram in Regensburg some places in this Gau handed over. The origin of the name "Kelsgau" is controversial. Aventinus assumes that the Gau got its name from the small river Kels , which flows into the Danube at the Pförring market and rises in the nearby village of Ettling to the north. Father Benedikt Werner, the last abbot of the Weltenburg monastery, suspects that it is more likely that the name derives from the capital of the district, Kelheim , the old "Celeusum". It is now scientifically proven that “Celeusum” is the name of the Pförring Roman fort on the edge of the Kelsbach valley . Accordingly, the name could be derived from the Roman fort "Celeusum". The orientation on Roman systems can also be found in other dormer markings, such as B. the Augstgau (from Augusta Vindelicum ) or the Künzinggau (Quinzingouue from Quintana ). In the Kelsgau area, the important Celtic Oppida Manching and Alkimoennis are located near Kelheim. It cannot therefore be ruled out that the Celtic population, concentrated here in pre-Roman times, was eponymous . Furthermore, with reference to the topographical conditions of the area, the name can be derived from the Old High German term "chela" (throat, gorge). The Kelsgau is probably one of the oldest territorial organizations.

Geographical expansion

Just as the origin of the name is uncertain, the geographical extent of the Gau is also uncertain. Based on the largest extent resulting from the various sources, the Kelsgau encompassed the area of Mainburg , Geisenfeld and Kösching , part of the Eichstätter Land and parts of the former regional court districts of Riedenburg , Altmannstein , Abensberg , Kelheim and Haidau .

Regents

The " Diepoldinger " and the " Schyre Luitpold " were known as regents in the Kelsgau , who fell during the campaign against the Hungarians in 907 in the Battle of Pressburg . He was followed by Otto I von Scheyern and Otto II von Scheyern († 1078) and other Wittelsbachers around 1014 . After all, the first Bavarian Wittelsbach Duke Otto I resided in the city of Kelheim, which remained the Bavarian capital until the murder of his son Ludwig the Kelheimer in 1231.

literature

  • Niederbayerische Hefte, Heft 107, Kelsgausagen, Alfons Listl and Hanns Haller, Verlag Wolf, ed. 1962.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f Georg Rieger, Kelheimer Heimatbuch for the city and the district of Kelheim, page 3, ed. 1953
  2. ↑ a b c d Hubert Freilinger, Historischer Atlas von Bayern, Heft 46, p. 10, Ed. Commission for Bavarian State History Munich, 1977.
  3. ↑ Christoph Wagner, The Hall of Liberation in Kelheim, page 269, Verlag Schnell & Steiner GmbH, Regensburg 2012
  4. ↑ a b c Adam Rottler Rev. i. R., Abensberg through the ages, page 12, self-published, Abensberg 1972