Mochovce nuclear power plant

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Mochovce nuclear power plant
View of the nuclear power plant
View of the nuclear power plant
location
Mochovce nuclear power plant (Slovakia)
Mochovce nuclear power plant
Coordinates 48 ° 15 '50 "  N , 18 ° 27' 25"  E Coordinates: 48 ° 15 '50 "  N , 18 ° 27' 25"  E
Country: SlovakiaSlovakia Slovakia
Data
Owner: Slovenské elektrárne as
Operator: Slovenské elektrárne as
Start of project: 1983
Commercial operation: Oct 29, 1998

Active reactors (gross):

2 (940 MW)

Reactors under construction (gross):

2 (942 MW)
Energy fed in in 2017: 6,751.77 GWh
Energy fed in since commissioning: 116,180 GWh
Was standing: 17th September 2018
The data source of the respective entries can be found in the documentation .
f1

The Mochovce nuclear power plant ( Slovak Atómové elektrárne Mochovce , EMO for short ) is located near the village of Mochovce (municipality of Kalná nad Hronom ) between the cities of Nitra and Levice , in Slovakia , about 120 km from Bratislava . It has two active reactors with a net electrical output of around 440 MW each.

The government of what was then Czechoslovakia decided on the construction of the power plant in 1978, the preparatory work began in 1981 and the actual construction began in 1984.

Blocks 1 and 2

Cooling towers of the power plant

Units 1 and 2 each have an installed capacity of 470  MW . The Soviet-type reactors were equipped with western control and monitoring systems. There are pressurized water reactors of the Soviet type VVER-440/213 is used. As usual with this type, they are built as twin systems. After 1990 the work had to be temporarily stopped due to financial deficiencies. The first two blocks went online in 1998 and 2000.

In 2008, after an upgrade, the approval was given to operate units 1 and 2 of Mochovce with an output of 107%, which corresponds to about 466.4 MW, since the shutdown of the first unit in the Bohunice- V1 nuclear power plant in 2006 has led to a loss of capacity in the Slovak electricity network.

Blocks 3 and 4

Austrian injunction

The politician Eva Glawischnig ( Greens ) devoted her dissertation at the Karl-Franzens-University in Graz to the problem of the nuclear power plant near the border and used this knowledge in a lawsuit against the Mochovce nuclear power plant, which has been controversial in Austria since its construction, "to refrain from the risk of radioactive immissions" also immediately into action. While the District Court of Vienna-Hernals upheld the private lawsuit against the power plant operator Slovenské Elektrárne as, their lawsuit failed in the second instance before the District Court for Civil Law Matters in Vienna in July 2005 "because security deficiencies cannot be specifically proven".

Missing containment

Mochovce is considered technically out of date - it is the world's only nuclear power plant construction project in which the reactors do not have a containment feature ( "containment"). This facility, which has long been part of the current standard in nuclear technology, is intended to catch the meltdown in the event of a serious incident and thus protect the area around a nuclear power plant from radioactive contamination. The VVER-440/213 has protection against the leakage of radioactivity through radioactive vapors as a result of an accident in the form of a "confinement".

Construction resumed

Work on units 3 and 4 was discontinued in the 1990s due to a lack of funds. The half-finished plants were preserved. On July 15, 2007, the European Commission issued its opinion on the completion of units 3 and 4 of the nuclear power plant. The commission again criticized the lack of full pressure containment. The European Commission announced in 2008 that the design of Mochovce 3 and 4 against aircraft impact was in line with best practice. According to the plans at the time, the completion of blocks 3 and 4 should cost around 2.78 billion euros. In 2013, construction costs of 3.8 billion euros were expected. On July 31, 2013, the owners decided to increase funds by initially only 260 million euros. In October 2016, Reuters put the construction costs for the two reactor blocks at 5.4 billion euros.

The new Italian majority owner Enel of the Slovak energy group SE (Slovenské Elektrárne as) resumed construction work on blocks 3 and 4 on November 3, 2008. Since June 11, 2009 reactors 3 and 4 were officially under construction again. The schedule stipulated that Block 3 should go online in December 2012 and Block 4 in the first half of 2013. At the beginning of 2012, these dates were initially postponed to the end of 2013 and mid-2014. In December 2012, the completion of the blocks was postponed again to the end of 2014 (Block 3) and in mid-2015. At the beginning of 2013, ENEL assumed that the two blocks would not go into operation before 2017. On August 21, 2013, the Slovak Supreme Court revoked the approval for the construction of the third and fourth reactors because the required public participation had not taken place. On the same day, the state nuclear supervisory authority UJD issued an order that excludes a construction freeze, since otherwise “the public interest would be seriously damaged”. However, completion was further delayed: in October 2016, Slovenské Elektrárne announced that Unit 3 could be completed in summer 2018 and Unit 4 in summer 2019; However, it was asked for approval to increase the budget from 4.6 billion euros to 5.4 billion euros. It was also announced that the majority owner Enel had sold its stake to the Czech EPH .

As part of investigations into possible corruption in connection with the power plant construction, a former head of the operating company SE and a manager of a supplier company were temporarily arrested in 2019. On March 2, 2020, a special unit of the Slovak police carried out a raid as part of ongoing criminal proceedings on suspicion of serious fraud . Further information was not disclosed for the time being.

On May 13, 2021, the Slovak nuclear regulatory authority UJD approved the commissioning of the third reactor block. At the same time, permits were issued for the handling of radioactive waste, burned-out fuel rods and the premature use of the building.

Data of the reactor blocks

The nuclear power plant consists of two units that are in operation and two units that are under construction. On March 5, 1993, a construction freeze was ordered at the entire nuclear power plant, which affected all four units. The construction of units 1 and 2 was reactivated on May 14, 1996, the construction of units 3 and 4 on June 11, 2009. The start of operations for unit 3 is planned for 2021 and for unit 4 in 2023.

Reactor block Reactor type Net power Gross output start of building Network synchronization Commercial operation Shutdown
Mochovce-1 WWER-440/213 435 MW 470 MW October 13, 1983 4th July 1998 October 29, 1998 (Planned for 2028)
Mochovce-2 WWER-440/213 470 MW 505 MW October 13, 1983 December 20, 1999 April 11, 2000 (Planned for 2030)
Mochovce-3 WWER-440/213 440 MW 471 MW January 27, 1987;
June 1, 2009
Mochovce-4 WWER-440/213 440 MW 471 MW January 27, 1987;
June 1, 2009

See also

Web links

swell

  1. ↑ Mochovce is now driving with 107 percent performance , krone.at on June 17, 2008, accessed on May 7, 2019.
  2. ^ AKW-Mochovce complaint by Glawischnig dismissed. In: derstandard.at . July 18, 2005, accessed May 7, 2019.
  3. ↑ Major safety deficiencies in nuclear power plants near the border , ORF, April 13, 2019.
  4. ↑ Commission issues opinion on reactor units 3 and 4 of the Slovakian nuclear power plant Mochovce. In: europa.eu . July 15, 2008, accessed May 7, 2019.
  5. ^ Nuclear energy: Weltreport 2008, pp. 248–252. (PDF, 5 pages; 468 kB) German Atomic Forum , April 2009, p. 5 , accessed on May 7, 2019 .
  6. ↑ SE: Budget Increase for NPP Mochovce 3 & 4 ( Memento of 21 August 2013 Web archive archive.today ) In: seas.sk . 1 August 2013.
  7. ^ Italy - Factors to watch on Oct. 28 . In: Reuters . October 28, 2016, accessed May 7, 2019.
  8. ↑ a b c Power Reactor Information System of the IAEA : "Slovak Republic: Nuclear Power Reactors" (English)
  9. ↑ Mochovce expansion started , OÖ-Nachrichten on November 4, 2008, accessed on May 7, 2019.
  10. ↑ Dostavba Mochoviec bude rok meškať. (Slovak), The completion of Mochovce 3 and 4 is postponed by one year , Pravda on March 8, 2012, accessed on May 7, 2019.
  11. ↑ Mochovce 3 and 4 nuclear power plants delayed and more expensive - Enel withdraws from French nuclear project. ots.at, December 5, 2012, accessed on May 7, 2019 .
  12. ↑ In Europe politicians continue to say: nuclear power yes please! dpa, March 11, 2013, accessed on May 7, 2019 .
  13. ↑ Expansion of the Mochovce nuclear power plant stopped by the Supreme Court. The standard of August 21, 2013, accessed May 7, 2019.
  14. ↑ Mochovce expansion continues despite the verdict , ORF.at of August 22, 2013, accessed on May 7, 2019.
  15. ↑ Slovak Spectator: Mochovce will be more expensive and completed later , spectator.sme.sk on November 4, 2016, accessed on May 7, 2019.
  16. ^ Police raid on Mochovce nuclear power plant. In: orf.at . March 3, 2020, accessed March 4, 2020.
  17. ↑ Slovak nuclear regulatory authority gave the green light for Mochovce 3 , ORF, May 13th 2021.
  18. ↑ a b c AKW Mochovce, Technical Parameters (Slovak, English), Slovenské elektrárne, as, accessed on December 31, 2020