Kinzigheimer Hof

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The Kinzigheimer Hof is a Hessian state domain that emerged from a medieval group of farmsteads.

State domain Kinzigheimer Hof from the east 2010.

Geographical location

The Altenburg near the Kinzigheimer Hof.

The Kinzigheimer Hof is located in the district of Bruchköbel , about 1.5 km southwest of the city center, in the Main-Kinzig district in Hesse, north of Hanau at an altitude of 110 m above sea ​​level , on the Krebsbach .

history

The place shows a very long settlement continuity without it being known how far back it goes.

prehistory

Two villae rusticae are known in the vicinity of the Kinzigheimer Hof .

Early and High Middle Ages

At the beginning of the 20th century, several burials in a Franconian grave field were discovered near the Krebsbach . However, the finds from this period were destroyed in the Second World War along with the museum holdings of the Hanau History Association . 600 m southwest of the courtyard is the so-called Altenburg , a hill fort which, according to current knowledge, can be dated to the early Middle Ages .

Late Middle Ages

In the late Middle Ages there was a settlement with the same name, Kenesheim , the earliest mention of which dates back to 1235. The place belonged to the office Büchertal of the rule Hanau , later the county Hanau and then the county Hanau-Munzenberg . It was in the allodial possession of the Lords and Counts of Hanau . The settlement initially consisted essentially of a court belonging to the Lords of Kensheim , aristocrats from the area around the Lords of Hanau . The court was probably a fiefdom of the Lords of Hanau. When the Lords of Kensheim died out in 1364, two Hanau feudal farms were formed from them. A third court was added later, which was formed from the holdings of the Limburg an der Haardt monastery near Bruchköbel and was a fiefdom of the Electoral Palatinate after the Reformation .

Historical forms of names

  • Kenesheim (1235)
  • Kainshem (1237)
  • Keinsheim (1259)
  • Kynsheim (1392)
  • Kintzheimer Hof
  • Kinsheimer Hof (1736)
  • Kinzigheimer Hof (1781)

Modern times

After these three farms were initially in the hands of the von Wasen (oldest surviving mention: 1397), the von Heusenstamm and the Specht von Bubenheim family , they were united in the hands of the von Lauter family at the end of the 16th century . In 1597, Count Philipp Ludwig II of Hanau bought all three farms, but approval to buy the Electoral Palatinate fief was only given in 1612. In 1648 - after the Thirty Years' War there was only one farm left - Count Friedrich Casimir gave it to his wife, Countess Sibylle Christine von Anhalt-Dessau . In 1719 and 1736 the place is only known as Kinsheimer , Kintzheimer or Kinzigheimer Hof , the latter and today's form of name has existed continuously since 1781.

After the death of the last Hanau count, Johann Reinhard III. , In 1736 Landgrave Friedrich I of Hessen-Kassel inherited the County of Hanau-Münzenberg and with it the office of Büchertal and the Kinzigheimer Hof on the basis of an inheritance contract from 1643. In 1803 the Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel was elevated to the status of the Electorate of Hesse . During the Napoleonic period, the office of Büchertal was under French military administration from 1806, belonged to the Principality of Hanau from 1807–1810 , and then from 1810 to 1813 to the Grand Duchy of Frankfurt , Department of Hanau . Then it fell back to the Electorate of Hesse. After the administrative reform of the Electorate of Hesse in 1821, under which the Electorate of Hesse was divided into four provinces and 22 districts, the office of Büchertal was added to the newly formed district of Hanau . In 1866 the electorate - and with it the Kinzigheimer Hof - was annexed by Prussia after the German-Austrian War and now formed an estate district . In 1928 the estate districts in Prussia were dissolved and the Kinzigheimer Hof was assigned to Bruchköbel.

State domain

The Kinzigheimer Hof has been owned by the State of Hesse since 1736, interrupted by the time of Prussian rule from 1866-1945, when it was also a state domain. In the 19th century, the facility also had a mill, which was shut down before 1920. In 1895 the domain had 29 residents. The Hessian state domain Kinzigheimer Hof is mainly used as a horse farm today, strawberries and sweet corn are also grown.

literature

  • Regenerus Engelhard: Earth description of the Hessian Lands Casselischen Antheiles with notes from the history and from documents explained , part 2. Cassel 1778. ND 2004, p. 766.
  • Thorough investigation of the question raised unnecessarily by Hessencassel ... [Deduction], p. 89.
  • Willi Klein: On the history of milling in the Main-Kinzig district = Hanauer Geschichtsblätter 40. Hanau 2003, p. 367.
  • Georg Landau : Historical-topographical description of the desolate places in the Electorate of Hesse ... = Journal of the Association for Hessian History and Regional Studies, 7th Supplement. Kassel 1858, p. 377.
  • Uta Löwenstein: County of Hanau . In: Knights, Counts and Princes - Secular Dominions in the Hessian Area approx. 900-1806 = Handbook of Hessian History 3 = Publications of the Historical Commission for Hesse 63. Marburg 2014. ISBN 978-3-942225-17-5 , p. 196 -230 (204).
  • Heinrich Reimer : Historical local dictionary for Kurhessen. Publications of the Historical Commission for Hesse 14, 1926 pp. 11 and 279.
  • Ernst Julius Zimmermann : Hanau city and country . Hanau 1919. 3rd edition, ND 1978. ISBN 3-87627-243-2

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Georg Wolff : The southern Wetterau in prehistoric times with an archaeological find map. Frankfurt a. M. 1913, pp. 70f.
  2. ^ Georg Wolff: The southern Wetterau in prehistoric times with an archaeological find map. Frankfurt a. M. 1913, p. 71; Publication of the finds in Ferdinand Kutsch : Hanau. 1st part, Frankfurt a. M., 1923; Part 2, Frankfurt a. M. 1926 (catalogs of west and south German antiquity collections 5) p. 9f.
  3. ^ Fritz-Rudolf Herrmann : The Altenburg at the Kinzigheimer Hof. Leaflet to the medieval ramparts near Hanau-Mittelbuchen, Main-Kinzig-Kreis. Archaeological monuments in Hessen 114, Wiesbaden 1994. ISBN 3-89822-115-6 , p. 7.
  4. ^ Heinrich Reimer: Hessisches Urkundenbuch. Section 2, document book on the history of the Lords of Hanau and the former province of Hanau. Vol. 1. 767-1300. Publications from the Royal Prussian State Archives, Hirzel, Leipzig 1891 No. 191.
  5. ^ For example, a Wigand von Kinsheim 1237 as Burgmann zu Hanau, Zimmermann 1919 (see literature), p. 80.
  6. ↑ a b Löwenstein.
  7. ↑ Hessisches Staatsarchiv Marburg , 01.11.1648, OIa

Coordinates: 50 ° 10 ′ 0.8 ″  N , 8 ° 54 ′ 34.8 ″  E