Office Büchertal

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Office Büchertal (also Amt Bücherthal ) was an office in the southern Wetterau and a central part of the County of Hanau-Münzenberg in the Middle Ages and in the early modern period .

function

In the early modern period , offices were a level between the municipalities and the sovereignty . The functions of administration and jurisdiction were not separated here. The office was headed by a bailiff who was appointed by the rulers.

location

In the south it was mainly bordered by the Main , in the east by Hanau and the Windecken office . In the north it reached the Wetterau and bordered on Solmser and Isenburg areas. In the west it bordered on the Hanau Office Bornheimerberg .

Surname

It was named after the three central villages of Wachenbuchen , Mittelbuchen and Lützelbuchen - the latter is now a desert .

history

The office was allodial property of the Lords and Counts of Hanau , who had taken it over and inherited it from the Lords of Dorfelden in the 13th century . Together with the city of Hanau, it formed the core of the county of Hanau-Münzenberg. After the death of the last Hanau count , Johann Reinhard III. , In 1736, Landgrave Friedrich von Hessen-Kassel inherited the county of Hanau-Munzenberg and with it the office of Büchertal, but immediately ceded the county to his younger brother, Wilhelm VIII , as he himself was King of Sweden and was thus permanently out of the country stopped. Due to the special circumstances in the family of the Landgraves of Hesse-Kassel, the County of Hanau-Munzenberg continued to be treated as a secondary education for younger princes of the Landgraviate for half a century , initially for Wilhelm VIII and from 1760 for Hereditary Prince Wilhelm (IX) . Not until 1786, when Landgrave Wilhelm IX. also inherited the Landgraviate, the County of Hanau-Munzenberg was brought closer to the Landgraviate.

In 1803 the Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel was elevated to the status of the Electorate of Hesse . During the Napoleonic period, the office of Büchertal was under French military administration from 1806, belonged to the Principality of Hanau from 1807–1810 , and then from 1810 to 1813 to the Grand Duchy of Frankfurt , Department of Hanau . Then it fell back to the Electorate of Hesse. After the administrative reform of the Electorate of Hesse in 1821, under which the Electorate of Hesse was divided into four provinces and 22 districts, the office of Büchertal was added to the newly formed district of Hanau . At that time it had 5,810 inhabitants.

scope

Territory before 1816

The villages and farms belonged to the office of Büchertal:

Administrative headquarters

The responsible bailiff of the Bücherthals was at the same time mayor of the old town Hanau. This probably resulted from the fact that the city of Hanau was founded on the area of ​​the later office - at the same time the core area of ​​the early Hanau rule . This administrative structure remained in effect through the end of the Old Empire until the unification of the two cities of Alt- and Neu-Hanau in 1821, when the mayor offices of both cities were abolished and replaced by a joint mayor. Since its construction in 1724/25 , the Bücherthaler Amtshaus on Johanneskirchplatz on the edge of the old town has served as the administrative seat .

After 1821 the elongated half-timbered building housed the district office and the riding gendarmerie. In 1842 it was bought by the Johanneskirche congregation and partially torn down to build a new servant apartment. This building had the telling name Zum Landsäckel and was not rebuilt after Hanau was destroyed in World War II .

literature

  • Erhard Bus : Not only on the Main and Kinzig. An overview of the development of the territory of the Lords and Counts of Hanau from the Middle Ages to the 20th century . In: stadtzeit 6, p. 20 ff.
  • Heinrich Bott : Middle Ages. A brief territorial history of the district . In: Hanau - City and Country. A home book for school and home , ed. from the Hanau history association with the support of the city and the district of Hanau, Hanau 1954, p. 68ff.
  • FA Dommerich: Documented history of the gradual expansion of the County of Hanau , Hanau 1860.
  • Regenerus Engelhard: Description of the earth of the Hessian Lands Casselischen Antheiles with notes from history and from documents explained. Part 2, Cassel 1778, ND 2004, p. 760ff.
  • Johann Peter Eyring: The district of Hanau . In: Georg-Wilhelm Hanna (arrangement): The district of Hanau and its district administrators . Ed .: Kreissparkasse Hanau . Hanau 1989, pp. 7-11.
  • Peter Gbiorczyk: The development of the rural school system in the county of Hanau from the Reformation to 1736. The offices of Büchertal and Windecken , part 1: text volume, part 2: source volume on CD-Rom, Shaker-Verlag Aachen 2011, ISBN 978-3-8440- 0331-4 .
  • Peter Gbiorczyk: The two reformations in rural communities in the county of Hanau-Munzenberg (1519-1642). The offices of Büchertal and Windecken . Shaker, Düren 2020. ISBN 978-3-8440-6803-0
  • Helmut Puchert: The Hessian Spessart - Contributions to the history of forest and hunting = Notices from the Hessian Forest Administration 23 = Series of publications by the Hessian Forest Culture Museum Bieber 3.
  • Heinrich Reimer : Historical local dictionary for Kurhessen . Marburg 1926, p. 74.
  • Fred Schwind : At the beginning of the rule and city of Hanau . In: 675 years old town Hanau, ed. from the Hanauer Geschichtsverein, Hanau 1978, p. 20ff.
  • Bert Worbs: Buchen - Dorfelden - Windecken. Early castles in the county of Hanau . In: Hanauer Geschichtsblätter 30 (1988), p. 347ff.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Johann Peter Eyring: The district of Hanau . In: Georg-Wilhelm Hanna (arrangement): The district of Hanau and its district administrators . Hanau 1989, p. 7.
  2. ↑ Eckhard Meise : The old town hall as the seat of the regional court. In: Hanauer Geschichtsblätter 30, 1988, p. 575, note 34; Hanau History Association 1844 (Ed.): 675 years old town Hanau. Festschrift for the city anniversary and catalog for the exhibition in the Historical Museum of Hanau am Main. Hanau 1978, cat.-no. 334; Heinrich Bott : The old town of Hanau. A memorial book for the 650th anniversary of the old town of Hanau. Ed .: Hanauer Geschichtsverein, Hanau 1953, pp. 135f., No. 287.