Dörnigheim

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Dörnigheim
City of Maintal
Coat of arms of the former town of Dörnigheim
Coordinates: 50 ° 8 ′ 21 ″  N , 8 ° 50 ′ 36 ″  E
Height : 102 m above sea level NHN
Area : 9.85 km²
Residents : 16,890  (Jun. 30, 2018)
Population density : 1,715 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : July 1, 1974
Postal code : 63477
Area code : 06181
Former Main ferry in front of Dörnigheim

Dörnigheim is the largest district of Maintal and is located in the Hessian Main-Kinzig district .

geography

Geographical location

Dörnigheim is located on the right bank of the Main at an altitude of 103 m above sea ​​level . The city of Frankfurt am Main is about 13 kilometers to the west, the city of Hanau about 6 kilometers east of Dörnigheim. The Braubach flows through the village and flows into the Main west of Dörnigheim.

The municipal area is given for 1961 as 985 hectares, 212 hectares of which is forest.

Neighboring cities

Dörnigheim borders in the north on the Hochstadt district , in the northwest on Bischofsheim , in the west on Fechenheim , in the east on Hanau-Kesselstadt and - located south of the Main - in the southwest on the Offenbach district of Rumpenheim and in the south on the city of Mühlheim am Main and the latter Dietesheim district .

history

middle Ages

The oldest surviving mention of Dörnigheim comes from the year 793 and is recorded in the Lorsch Codex . A Wolfbodo donated his property in Dörnigheim to the Lorsch Monastery .

In 1064 King Heinrich IV gave Dörnigheim to the monastery of St. Jakob in Mainz as a royal property . The bailiwick of the monastery gave it as a fief to the Counts of Rieneck . When the Rieneck-Rothenfels line was extinguished in 1333, Ulrich II von Hanau inherited the Vogtei over Dörnigheim through his mother, Elisabeth von Rieneck- Rothenfels. The lords of Hanau, in turn, gave the bailiwick as an after-fief to the lords of Rüdigheim . There was a long-standing dispute between the St. Jakob monastery and the Hanau house about sovereignty in Dörnigheim. In 1475 a settlement was reached through which the sovereignty of the county of Hanau-Münzenberg was recognized. The village assigned these to their office in Büchertal . Since the monastery was not ready to give up its other rights in Dörnigheim, a lawsuit that lasted for centuries broke out and continued into the 18th century. The church patronage initially lay with the Electoral Palatinate , which gave it to the Counts of Hanau-Münzenberg in the 16th century.

Historical forms of names

In documents that have been preserved, Dörnigheim was mentioned under the following names (the year it was mentioned in brackets):

  • Turincheim (793)
  • Turingeheim (around 850)
  • Thurincheim (1064)
  • Dorenheim (1258)
  • Durnkeim (1282)
  • Durinkeym (1288)
  • Duringheim (1366)
  • Dörnigheim (1554)

Early modern age

In the middle of the 16th century, the Reformation took hold in the county of Hanau-Münzenberg, initially in its Lutheran form. In a "second Reformation", the denomination of the County of Hanau-Munzenberg was changed again: From 1597 Count Philipp Ludwig II pursued a decidedly reformed church policy. He made use of Jus reformandi , his right as sovereign to determine the denomination of his subjects, and made this largely binding for the county, as was the case in Dörnigheim. In 1720 the parish was detached from Kesselstadt and made independent.

After the death of the last Hanau count, Johann Reinhard III. , 1736, Landgrave Friedrich I of Hessen-Kassel inherited the County of Hanau-Münzenberg and thus also the office of Büchertal with Dörnigheim on the basis of an inheritance contract from 1643.

Due to its favorable location between the cities of Hanau in the east and Frankfurt in the west, the restaurant and hostel business flourished, as travelers liked to take a break here. Many of the old restaurants are still in operation today.

Recent history

During the Napoleonic period, Dörnigheim was under French military administration from 1806 to 1810 and then from 1810 to 1813 belonged to the Grand Duchy of Frankfurt , Hanau Department . Then it fell back to Hessen-Kassel, now called " Electorate of Hesse ". A fundamental administrative reform was carried out here in 1821: The office of Büchertal was added to the newly formed Hanau district.

From the concentration camp Katz Bach in the Adler works in Frankfurt were on 25 March 1945 by the SS 300 prisoners driven through the town. The goal was the city of Hünfeld , as the Americans were approaching from the west. 11 of the prisoners on this death march were executed in Dörnigheim by the guards shot in the neck.

On August 19, 1945 there was an explosion on an industrial site near the Maintal Ost train station , then: "Hochstadt-Dörnigheim", which was used as a transit camp for American soldiers, as a prisoner of war camp and as a depot. 24 Americans and four fire fighters from Dörnigheim fell victim to the disaster.

1964 Dörnigheim received city ​​rights . Ten years later, on 1 July 1974 Dörnigheim was Bischofsheim , Hochstadt and Wachenbuchen in the course of administrative reform in Hesse powerful state law to the new city Maintal together .

Population development

 Source: Historical local dictionary

• 1587: 43 shooters, 10 philistines
• 1632: 38 house seats
• 1707: 55 families
• 1753: 105 households and 4 Jews
• 1812: 100 fire places
Dörnigheim: Population from 1753 to 2015
year     Residents
1753
  
 463
1812
  
 559
1834
  
 640
1840
  
 744
1846
  
 917
1852
  
 868
1858
  
 898
1864
  
 962
1871
  
 1.101
1875
  
 1,151
1885
  
 1,273
1895
  
 1,343
1905
  
 1,875
1910
  
 2.167
1925
  
 2,396
1939
  
 2,746
1946
  
 3,877
1950
  
 4,259
1956
  
 5,466
1961
  
 7,073
1967
  
 14,672
1970
  
 16.302
2006
  
 15,341
2015
  
 15,933
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968.
Further sources:; City of Maintal

Religious affiliation

 Source: Historical local dictionary

• 1885: 1199 Protestant (= 94.19%), 29 Catholic (= 2.28%), 45 Jewish (= 3.53%) residents
• 1961: 4844 Protestant (= 68.49%), 1915 Catholic (= 27.07%) residents

religion

Protestant church

In the document from 793, Dörnigheim's oldest mention, today's Old Church on the Main is known as basilica s. Marie mentioned. The patronage was initially with the Palatinate , since the 16th century with Hanau. Before the Reformation, the central church authority was the Archdeaconate of the Provost of St. Maria ad Gradus in Mainz, Landkapitel Roßdorf . After that the evangelical consistory of the government in Hanau was the supervisory authority. The church was a branch of the Kesselstadt church until 1720 before it became independent.

Land use

Source: Historical local dictionary

  • 1885 (hectare): 980, of which 500 acres (= 51.02%), 120 meadows (= 12.24%), 240 logs (= 24.49%)
  • 1961 (hectare): 985, of which 212 forest (= 21.52%)

badges and flags

Banner Dörnigheim.svg

coat of arms

Coat of arms Maintal-Dörnigheim.svg

Blazon : "In red, a silver, blue-armored swan rising from a blue river, with a black E-shaped placemark on the chest."

The coat of arms of the city of Dörnigheim in what was then the district of Hanau was approved by the Hessian Ministry of the Interior on January 9, 1957 . It was designed by the Bad Nauheim heraldist Heinz Ritt

The river in the shield foot symbolizes the Main, on which Dörnigheim lies. The swan comes from the coat of arms of the Counts of Hanau , whose crest was a swan. So it symbolizes belonging to the County of Hanau . The E is the place mark of Dörnigheim known since the 17th century .


flag

The flag was approved by the Hessian Ministry of the Interior on August 7, 1968 and is described as follows:

"Between narrow red side panels a wide silver middle panel, in the upper third covered with the city coat of arms."

Transport and infrastructure

Due to its location in the Rhine-Main area and its direct proximity to Frankfurt and Hanau, Dörnigheim is a conveniently located business location. In the east and north, the Maintal-Ost and Maintal-Mitte industrial areas also border the district.

Dörnigheim is conveniently located. The Maintal Ost station is located in the north of the district at the Frankfurt-Hanau Railway and is served by regional trains the relation Frankfurt Maintal Hanau (-Aschaffenburg). A connection to the Nordmainische S-Bahn is planned .

The A 66 with the Maintal-Dörnigheim / Maintal-Hochstadt junction runs north of the district, the B 8 runs right through the center of the town along the Main .

Several cycle paths run along the Dörnigheimer or on the opposite bank of the Main :

literature

  • Max Aschkewitz: Pastor history of the Hanau district ("Hanauer Union") until 1986, Part 1 = Publications of the Historical Commission for Hesse 33. Marburg 1984, p. 118.
  • Gerhard Kleinfeldt, Hans Weirich: The medieval church organization in the Upper Hesse-Nassau area = writings of the institute for historical regional studies of Hesse and Nassau 16 (1937). ND 1984, p. 40.
  • Heinrich Lapp: Dörnigheim am Main, The story of a village , 1952
  • Heinrich Lapp: Dörnigheim in the past and present . Hanau 1964.
  • Heinrich Reimer : Historical local dictionary for Kurhessen. Publications of the Historical Commission for Hesse 14, 1926 p. 95.
  • Werner Jung: 1200 years Dörnigheim: 793-1993 . Dörnigheim 1993.
  • Bernd Salzmann u. a .: Nobody wants it to have been: Dörnigheim under National Socialism , 1991
  • Ingeborg Schall: Dates of Dörnigheim's history in the mirror of time . Self published in 1992.
  • Ingeborg Schall: Boundaries and corridors of the Dörnigheim district = Dörnigheimer Geschichtsblätter 3. 1997.
  • Ingeborg Schall: Dörnigheim in old pictures . 1998.
  • Ingeborg Schall: Dörnigheim Chronicle until 1974 . Dörnigheim 2010.
  • 793-1993. 1200 years Dörnigheim , tent community 1200 years Dörnigheim, Dörnigheim 1993
  • Literature about Dörnigheim in the Hessian Bibliography

Web links

Commons : Dörnigheim  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Population figures . In: Internet presence. City of Maintal, archived from the original on October 28, 2018 ; accessed on October 28, 2018 .
  2. ↑ Minst, Karl Josef [transl.]: Lorscher Codex (Volume 5), Certificate 3452, February 3, 793 - Reg. 2417. In: Heidelberg historical stocks - digital. Heidelberg University Library, p. 186 , accessed on March 15, 2016 .
  3. ^ Uta Löwenstein: County Hanau . In: Knights, Counts and Prince - Secular Dominions in the Hessian Area approx. 900–1806 = Handbook of Hessian History 3 = Publications of the Historical Commission for Hesse 63. Marburg 2014. ISBN 978-3-942225-17-5 , p. 196 -230 (208).
  4. ^ Uta Löwenstein: County Hanau . In: Knights, Counts and Prince - Secular Dominions in the Hessian Area approx. 900–1806 = Handbook of Hessian History 3 = Publications of the Historical Commission for Hesse 63. Marburg 2014. ISBN 978-3-942225-17-5 , p. 196 -230 (203f).
  5. ↑ Aschkewitz.
  6. ↑ a b c d Dörnigheim, Main-Kinzig district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of October 16, 2018). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  7. ↑ Aschkewitz.
  8. ↑ 24-29-3-45 Collective Performance (Flyer) In: Website about artistic representations of the memory of the Katzbach concentration camp. Accessed September 17, 2019.
  9. ↑ Death March program In: Frankfurter Rundschau , March 18, 2013, accessed on September 17, 2019.
  10. ↑ Law on the reorganization of the districts of Gelnhausen, Hanau and Schlüchtern and the city of Hanau as well as the recirculation of the cities of Fulda, Hanau and Marburg (Lahn) concerning questions (GVBl. 330-26) of March 12, 1974 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): Law and Ordinance Gazette for the State of Hesse . 1974 No. 9 , p. 149 , § 2 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 3.0 MB ]).
  11. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 367 .
  12. ↑ In the years 1632, 1707 and 1754 the number of inhabitants in the county of Hanau was determined. The figures are reproduced here after Erhard Bus : The consequences of the great war - the west of the county of Hanau-Munzenberg after the Peace of Westphalia . In: Hanauer Geschichtsverein 1844 : The Thirty Years War in Hanau and the surrounding area. 2011, OCLC 1073465042 , pp. 277-320 (289 ff.) (= Hanauer Geschichtsblätter 45)
  13. ^ Historical local dictionary: Extended search: LAGIS Hessen. Accessed January 30, 2020 .
  14. ↑ Approval of a coat of arms of the municipality of Dörnigheim in the district of Hanau from January 9, 1957 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1957 no. 4 , p. 78 , point 79 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 2.7 MB ]).
  15. ↑ Approval of a flag for the town of Dörnigheim in the Hanau district, Darmstadt district of August 7, 1968 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1968 No. 34 , p. 1246 , point 955 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 5.5 MB ]).