St. Ulrich and Nikolaus church and hospice

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Hospice and church tower in Chapella
former hospice (now a youth center) in Chapella

The Roman Catholic church St. Ulrich und Nikolaus (also: Chapella for short ) forms a building complex with the former hospice ( Ruina baselgia e ospiz ) and is about 400 meters from the village of Chapella , on the way from Val Susauna to the municipality of S-chanf , Graubünden ( Switzerland ) in the Maloja region in the Diocese of Chur . She was dedicated to St. Ulrich and St. Consecrated to Nicholas . The church is about 3 km away from S-chanf . The facility is a Swiss cultural asset of national importance.

Church of St. Ulrich and Nikolaus

The sacred building, first mentioned in a will from January 8, 1209, goes back to a chapel from the 11th century. An extension of the building to the east and the construction of a tower took place in the first half of the 13th century. In 1524 the choir was rebuilt on the north side and shortly afterwards a sacristy was added.

With a notarial act dated March 29, 1504, the cathedral chapter set up provisions (articles) on the economic and spiritual administration of the Chapella Hospital and Pope Julius II confirmed the privileges and immunity rights of the SS. Nicolaus and Ulrich Hospital in Chapella 1504. 1505 one took place Reconciliation of the Church.

Even after the Reformation , the church was used for worship until the 18th century . After the construction of churches in Cinuos-chel (around 1615-1660) and Susauna (1696), the church fell into disrepair. In 1981, after an archaeological investigation, a comprehensive restoration took place. The entrance of the church with its round arched tuff portal, the surrounding walls of the Romanesque nave from the 13th century and the late Gothic polygonal choir, the tower on the west facade, the bell room and the tent roof are still clearly visible today . These were renovated in 1933.

hospice

To the west of the church is the former hospice building. This was first mentioned in 1259, increased before 1300 and in the 14th century an extension was made in the east (before 1500). The hospice was renovated in 1594 and 1633 and rebuilt in the late 1960s / early 1970s, renovated in 2017. On the north facade there is a Gothic pointed arch portal, above it a paw cross and coat of arms . The coat of arms dates from 1594.

In the early days, the hospice was supplied by the Dominican Order from the monastery of San Giovanni in Como (Italy) and was used to supply travelers who made their way through the Engadine between Tyrol and Como or via the Scalettapass to Davos and further on the Lake Constance area or the Valtellina (see e.g. Via Valtellina ). The Chapella Hospice therefore fulfilled an important function at the intersection of several paths. In the late Middle Ages it was also used as a poor and infirmary for the Plaiv region . The hospice was abandoned towards the end of the 18th century and then used as an estate by the Upper Engadine family of the Perinis, among others . In 1967 the Fundaziun Chapella founded an educational center for young people, the hospice building was renovated and is open to the public again.

Significance for the region

The documents received about legacies , transfers of ownership , votive offerings , lease agreements, etc. show that the church and the hospice had an important economic significance for the entire region over several centuries. Monks and nuns were also admitted to the hospice. There was a grain mill and saw for the hospice and the residents of the region.

Because of the importance of the hospice for the region, notarized agreements were also made on property and management. According to a notarial act dated April 15, 1542, Zuoz and Madulain were entitled to half, S-chanf and Chamues-ch to a quarter of the property and income of the SS. Nicolaus and Ulrich Hospital in Chapella. The electoral body for the appointment of the four bailiffs and the administrator ( celerarius ) of the hospital was set to four men from Zuoz, one from Madulain and three each from S-chanf and Chamues-ch, two of the four bailiffs of the hospital from Zuoz and one each had to come from S-chanf and Chamues-ch. This agreement was upheld by the court of the Upper Engadin on July 27, 1542. In 1551 new regulations on the administration of the hospice were drawn up. Among other things, it was obliged to build and maintain a fulling mill ( fulling mill ) including all necessary facilities for the Plaiv Zuoz region . The hospice was allowed to charge a cruiser for every yard of cloth . These extended administrative provisions of October 8, 1551 were confirmed by the village masters of Zuoz, Madulain, S-chanf and Chamues-ch on October 8, 1551; they were extended again by the village masters on February 16, 1552. B. that the administrator of the hospital could only be elected for a period of 1–2 years at a time, that they were not allowed to trade in goods of the hospice and were not allowed to claim them without the consent of the bailiffs. Several notarial files have also been preserved in which the hospice lends money against interest. Around 1810 the hospice was leased to Flori Meng von Says for an annual interest of 300 guilders. The lease was renewed in 1836. In 1846 Hartmann Ragettli is the tenant of the hospice.

literature

  • C. Simonett: A document find for the C. hospice at S-chanf. In: Bündner Monatsblatt, No. 11/12, 1965, pp. 292-316.
  • Otto P Clavadetscher: The documents from the archive of the SS. Nikolaus and Ulrich hospice in Chapella near S-chanf. In: Bündner Monatsblatt, 3–4, 1968, pp. 65–88.
  • Ludmila Seifert-Uherkovich: S-chanf. Cantonal preservation of monuments in Graubünden and the municipality of S-chanf (ed.). Chur 2003.

Web links

Commons : Church of St. Ulrich and Nikolaus with the former hospice  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Puter : Chapel .
  2. ↑ See also: Roman Catholic Church in Switzerland .
  3. ↑ KGS no .: 3231.
  4. ↑ C. Simonett: A document find for the hospice C. at S-chanf. In: Bündner Monatsblatt , 1965, p. 294.
  5. ↑ a b c Church of St. Ulrich and Nikolaus with former hospice , art guide through Switzerland, ed. Society for Swiss Art History, Volume 2, Bern 2005.
  6. ↑ In notarial deeds, the hospice was also referred to as a hospital as early as 1295 , although this term was also used in part for the entire complex, the hospice and the church.
  7. ↑ Chur AI / 18m No. 44, ratification of the document AI / 18m No. 43 of March 27, 1504.
  8. ↑ See notarial act of April 14, 1505.
  9. ↑ Ludmila Seifert-Uherkovich: S-chanf , p. 13. See: Reformed Church Cinuos-chel .
  10. ↑ See: Reformed Church Susauna .
  11. ↑ Constant Wieser: Chapella. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
  12. ↑ C. Simonett: A document find for the hospice C. at S-chanf. In: Bündner Monatsblatt , 1965, p. 310.
  13. ↑ Constant Wieser: Chapella. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
  14. ↑ The foundation is sponsored by the community of S-chanf, the Bergwald educational workshop foundation, Thun, the Bern University of Applied Sciences for agricultural, forestry and food sciences, Zollikofen, and the Protestant parishes of the Upper Engadin [1] . See also the website of the Fundaziun Chapella .
  15. ↑ See e.g. For example: Graubünden State Archives, AI / 18m, documents relating to Chapella Hospice, S-chanf, Chur 2012 [2] .
  16. ↑ Notarial Act of June 24, 1436, December 6, 1441, October 20, 1465, October 27, 1537.
  17. ↑ See notarial act of July 7, 1492 or May 16, 1736.
  18. ^ Notarial act of June 21, 1551.
  19. ↑ See Graubünden State Archives, AI / 18m, documents regarding Chapella Hospice, S-chanf, Chur 2012 [3] .
  20. ^ Notarial act of June 1, 1836.
  21. ^ Notarial act of October 19, 1844.

Coordinates: 46 ° 37 '45.1 "  N , 10 ° 0' 25.5"  E ; CH1903:  seven hundred and ninety-six thousand six hundred and sixty-three  /  one hundred and sixty-seven thousand four hundred thirty-five