Lake Kivu earthquake 2008
| Lake Kivu earthquake 2008 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
|
|||
| Coordinates | 2 ° 18 '50 " S , 28 ° 53' 46" E | ||
| date | February 3, 2008 | ||
| Time | 07:34:12 UTC | ||
| Magnitude | 5.9 M W | ||
| depth | 10 km | ||
| epicenter | Kivumu, Birava
(20 km from Bukavu )
|
||
| country | Democratic Republic of Congo | ||
| dead | 30th | ||
| Injured | 596 | ||
The 2008 Lake Kiwi earthquake was a surface earthquake and struck several states in the African Great Lakes region . The earthquake at a depth of 10 km began on February 3, 2008 at 07:34:12 UTC and, according to the calculations of the United States Geological Survey (USGS), reached a moment magnitude of M W = 5.9. The epicenter of the earthquake was about 15 second to about 20 km from Bukavu at Kivumu and Birava ( 2 ° 19 ' S , 28 ° 54' O ) in the DRC . About three and a half hours after the quake, an aftershock with a sky wave magnitude m b = 5.1 occurred at 10:56:09 UTC , followed by two smaller aftershocks. Another earthquake with a magnitude of m b = 5.4 occurred on February 14 northwest of Bukavu.
Effects
At least 25 people were killed in the quake in Rwanda. Ten of them died in the Rusizi district when a church collapsed during a service. The earthquake also caused deaths in Nyamesheke district . According to the UN, 447 people were treated in hospitals, around four fifths of them only on an outpatient basis.
In the Democratic Republic of the Congo, the earthquake killed five people and injured 149.
The earthquake caused a power outage in the nearby state of Burundi . The tremors were still felt in the Kenyan capital Nairobi .
Reactions and relief efforts
Since several missions of the United Nations or one of its sub-organizations UNICEF , World Health Organization or OCHA are active in the region , aid measures could be carried out quickly. The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) and the Dutch units of the multinational security force were also involved.
Seismologists have been sent from the volcano observatory in Goma to Bukavu to assess the danger of possible aftershocks and to prepare the inhabitants if necessary.
MONUC engineers assessed the statics of buildings. UNDP made about 500 tents from other programs available as emergency accommodation, some of which were flown in from Brindisi , Italy.
Around 1700 families were directly dependent on aid measures. UNHCR and its local partners helped 202 families in Ibanda. The ICRC helped 848 families in Ndendere and Bagira. The World Food Program ensured the food supply of 187 people who had to be treated in hospitals in the affected region.
Tectonic assessment
The Great African Lakes region lies in a seismically active zone along the western branch of the East African Rift Valley . This stretches from the mouth of the Zambezi in Mozambique for about three thousand kilometers to the Gulf of Aden and forms the border between the African and the Somali sub-plate to the east .
At the height of the earthquake, both plates move away from each other at a speed of around four millimeters per year. The earthquake occurred near Lake Kiwu.
The epicenter of the earthquake was just a few kilometers from the epicenter of an earthquake that killed two people in Goma in October 2002. In 1966, an earthquake with a magnitude of M S = 7 in western Uganda claimed 157 lives and injured more than 1,300 people; in 1994, an earthquake with a magnitude of 6 in the Ruwenzori Mountains , also in western Uganda, killed at least six people. In December 2005, the region was shaken by a strong earthquake that reached a surface wave magnitude of M S = 7.6. A total of 21 earthquakes with magnitudes of at least 6.8 were observed in this area from 1901 to 2005.
| year | month | Day | Time | location | position | depth | Magnitude |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1901 | 03 | 16 | 11:56 am | off the coast of Tanzania east of Lindi | 10 ° 0 ′ 0 ″ S , 40 ° 0 ′ 0 ″ E | - | 6.9 |
| 1906 | 08 | 25th | 1:47 pm | near Addis Ababa | 9 ° 0 ′ 0 ″ N , 39 ° 0 ′ 0 ″ E | - | 6.8 |
| 1909 | 04 | 29 | 10:41 pm | 1400 km south-southeast of Madagascar | 35 ° 0 ′ 0 ″ S , 53 ° 0 ′ 0 ″ E | - | 6.8 |
| 1910 | 12 | 13 | 11:37 am | east of Lake Tanganyika | 8 ° 0 ′ 0 ″ S , 31 ° 0 ′ 0 ″ E | - | 7.6 |
| 1912 | 07 | 09 | 8:18 am | extreme north of Uganda | 3 ° 0 ′ 0 ″ N , 33 ° 0 ′ 0 ″ E | - | 6.8 |
| 1915 | 05 | 08 | 1:42 pm | Strait of Mozambique | 23 ° 0 ′ 0 ″ S , 39 ° 0 ′ 0 ″ E | - | 6.8 |
| 1915 | 09 | 23 | 8:14 am | Eritrea | 16 ° 0 ′ 0 ″ N , 39 ° 0 ′ 0 ″ E | - | 6.8 |
| 1916 | 04 | 07 | 09:26 am | about 1000 km east-southeast of Madagascar | 30 ° 0 ′ 0 ″ S , 55 ° 0 ′ 0 ″ E | - | 7.2 |
| 1919 | 07 | 08 | 9:05 pm | in southern Tanzania | 9 ° 50 '2.4 " S , 37 ° 20" 34.8 " E | 15 km | 6.8 |
| 1928 | 01 | 06 | 7:31 pm | north-northwest of Nakuru , Kenya | 0 ° 9 ′ 18 " N , 35 ° 44 ′ 52.8" E | 15 km | 6.9 |
| 1932 | 12 | 31 | 6:30 a.m. | about 200 km east-northeast of Durban , South Africa | 29 ° 5 '2.4 " S , 32 ° 57" 25.2 " E | 15 km | 6.8 |
| 1942 | 10 | 09 | 3:46 pm | in Lake Malawi | 11 ° 32 ' S , 34 ° 39' E | 25 km | 6.8 |
| 1959 | 12 | 21st | 11:19 am | in the Gulf of Aden , 800 km east of Aden | 13 ° 51 ' N , 51 ° 37' E | 35 km | 6.8 |
| 1960 | 11 | 22nd | 6:21 am | 1250 km southeast of the southern tip of Madagascar | 36 ° 21 '43.2 " S , 52 ° 27' 46.8" E | 35 km | 6.8 |
| 1966 | 03 | 20th | 1:42 am | about 80 km southwest of Bunia , DR Congo | 0 ° 51 ' N , 29 ° 52' E | 15 km | 7.2 |
| 1967 | 11 | 23 | 8:35 am | in the Gulf of Aden off the coast of East Yemen . | 14 ° 27 ' N , 51 ° 59' E | 13.2 km | 7.0 |
| 1984 | 05 | 17th | 4:53 pm | 1300 km southeast of the southern tip of Madagascar | 36 ° 14 ' S , 53 ° 36' E | 17.5 km | 6.9 |
| 1988 | 02 | 26th | 06:17 am | 1400 km south of Madagascar | 37 ° 18 ′ S , 47 ° 55 ′ E | 9 km | 6.8 |
| 1990 | 05 | 20th | 02:22 am | east of Mangalla , Sudan | 5 ° 8 ' N , 32 ° 12' E | 15 km | 7.1 |
| 1990 | 05 | 24 | 8:00 p.m. | east of Terakeka , Sudan | 5 ° 21 ' N , 31 ° 52' E | 16 km | 7.1 |
| 2005 | 12 | 05 | 12:19 pm | on the east bank of Lake Tanganyika | 6 ° 13 '26.4 " S , 29 ° 49' 48" E | 22 km | 6.8 |
Individual evidence
- ↑ Magnitude 5.9 - LAC KIVU REGION, DEM. REP. OF THE CONGO , USGS. February 3, 2008. Archived from the original on September 22, 2008 Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. .
- ↑ a b c d Great Lakes hit by deadly quakes . BBC News . Retrieved February 3, 2008.
- ↑ United States Geological Survey 2008: Magnitude 5.1 RWANDA ( Memento of February 14, 2008 in the Internet Archive ). Retrieved February 23, 2008.
- ↑ United States Geological Survey 2008: Magnitude 5.4 LAC KIVU REGION, DEM. REP. OF THE CONGO ( Memento from September 17, 2004 in the Internet Archive ). Retrieved February 23, 2008.
- ↑ a b c d OCHA: "DR Congo: Earthquake OCHA Situation Report No. 5 ” , accessed February 8, 2008.
- ↑ Death toll from Rwanda, Congo quakes hits 30 . Reuters . Retrieved February 3, 2008.
- ↑ 5.0-magnitude quake hits Rwanda, Congo, hundreds injured . Earthtimes . Retrieved February 3, 2008.
- ↑ a b OCHA: "DR Congo: Earthquake OCHA Situation Report No. 1 " , accessed February 8, 2008.
- ↑ United States Geological Survey: Tectonical summary ( Memento of the original from September 22, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed on February 5, 2008
- ^ NEIC earthquake catalog . United States Geological Survey. Retrieved on April 3, 2008. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
