Small forest mushroom
| Small forest mushroom | ||||||||||||
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Small forest mushroom ( Agaricus silvaticus ) |
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| Agaricus silvaticus | ||||||||||||
| Schaeff. |
The small forest mushroom , small forest Egerling or small blood Egerling ( Agaricus silvaticus ) is a type of mushroom from the family of mushroom relatives .
features
Macroscopic features
The hat can reach a diameter of up to 10 cm. It is loosely colored and covered with brownish, fibrous scales that usually lie on the hat. The scales are arranged concentrically and become larger and fewer in number towards the edge of the hat. The hat shape of young mushrooms is spherical to bell-shaped or flat when spread out. The stem becomes up to 8 inches long (sometimes longer) and 5 mm thick. It is a little lighter than the hat, has fine fibers and turns red when injured. The base can be thickened like a club or bulb and stuck deep in the ground. The cuff is thin, membranous, and droopy. Since it sits on the upper part of the stem, it is often colored dark by falling spores. The stem is a little scaly below the cuff. The lamellas are initially pale pink and later dark brown (chocolate brown). With very old mushrooms, they can also be black. The slats do not touch the stem. The flesh is white and immediately turns red if injured; later brown. The smell is pleasant, the taste mild to sweetish.
Microscopic features
The elliptical spores measure 4.5–6 x 3–3.5 micrometers .
Species delimitation
The great forest mushroom ( Agaricus langei ) is larger and its flesh hardly reddens, nor is it bound to spruce trees. The otherwise similar giant mushroom is significantly larger and the surface of the hat turns yellow when touched, the meat turns yellowish to rusty red-brown when cut.
Ecology and phenology
Like all mushroom species , the small forest mushroom is a saprobiontic soil dweller who lives in the coniferous litter of spruce trees , more rarely that of other conifers. It grows mainly in spruce forests or under conifers in mesophilic deciduous forests (especially beech, less often in oak-hornbeam forests), in gardens, parks and coniferous forests, rarely in pure deciduous forests. It prefers dry to fresh, mineral and base-rich, sometimes slightly nitrogenous, sandy or loamy soils.
In Central Europe, the fruiting bodies appear from early summer (from May / June) to autumn (November), especially in September to October.
distribution
The forest Egerling occurs in North America (Mexico and USA), in Asia, on the Canary Islands and in Europe. In Europe, the species is found from southern and southeastern Europe to Lapland and Ukraine. In Germany it is widespread and frequent, but in the lowlands it is often restricted to anthropogenic locations such as parks and gardens because of its preferred attachment to spruce.
meaning
The small forest Egerling is edible and is considered a good edible mushroom.
literature
- German Josef Krieglsteiner , Andreas Gminder (Hrsg.): Die Großpilze Baden-Württemberg . Volume 5: Mushrooms. Agarics III. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2010, ISBN 978-3-8001-3572-1 .
- Ewald Gerhardt: Mushrooms. Determine accurately with the 3-check . BLV Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, ISBN 3-405-16128-2 . Page 54
- Katharina Bickerich-Stoll: Mushrooms. Definitely . J. Neumann-Neudamm, 1980, ISBN 3-7888-0337-1 . Page 32
- Markus Flück: Which mushroom is that? Franckh-Kosmos-Verlag, 2013, ISBN 978-3-440-13538-9 , p. 244
Web links
- Small forest mushroom at ulrich-terpitz.de
