Haselnorf Monastery

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Aschersleber See is shown on a map from 1734. Haselnorf is recorded as Haselnorp southeast of Schadeleben.

The monastery Haselsdorf was a priory of the Benedictine monastery of Santa Maria Latina in Jerusalem in the desolate place fallen Haseldorf (about 5 km north of Aschersleben , Saxony-Anhalt). The Monastery of S. Maria Latina received the Haselnorf property before 1186 as a gift from Count Dietrich von Werben , a son of Albrecht the Bear . After the loss of the Holy Land (fall of Acre in 1291), the abbot and the convent of the mother monastery moved to the daughter monastery of Agira in Sicily . In 1334, the then prior Friedrich moved the priory from Haselnorf to Erxleben (also in a desolate way west of Aschersleben), where a new priory was built, but which died out before 1357.

location

Haselnorf fell into desolation at an unknown time after the middle of the 14th century. The exact location is not known. It is mostly localized in the skull plane

history

The monastery of S. Maria Latina in Jerusalem was the only Latin monastery at the time of the Kingdom of Jerusalem that had been established before the conquest of Jerusalem (1099) by the Crusaders. Merchants from Amalfi had founded a hospital with a church in the Latin Quarter of Jerusalem or had taken over an older hospital (with a church). After the conquest of Jerusalem, the church and hospital became independent. The monastery of S. Maria Latina emerged from the church, while the Order of St. John emerged from the hospital. At the beginning of the 11th century, the monastery received numerous donations in the Holy Land and especially in southern Italy.

In Germany, the monastery of S. Maria Latina received a donation from Count Dietrich von Werben, a son of Albrecht the Bear, before 1186, in which he gave the monastery the church in Haselnorf (deserted north of Aschersleben) with all accessories, Forests and pastures as well as the church in Erxleben (fallen desolate west of Aschersleben) with a vineyard.

The deed of donation itself has not been preserved, but the confirmation of the donation by Count Bernhard , Duke of Saxony and brother of Dietrich, who gave his consent to this donation. This confirmation is also not received in the original, but as a transsumpt in a document from Prince Heinrich IV of Anhalt from 1359. The date of Bernhard's document is not entirely certain (1185 or 1186). According to Count Bernhard, his brother Dietrich was on a pilgrimage in the Holy Land and originally wanted to donate the church in its ancestral seat Burgwerben to the monastery of S. Maria Latina, which he found not so suitable because of the low income.

The monk-priest Drogo ( monacho et sacerdote nomine ecclesie Latine suscipiente ), presumably a monk from the convent in Jerusalem, was present at the confirmation of the donation on behalf of the monastery of S. Maria Latina . He accepted the donation and was supposed to build the convent that was later found in Haselnorf. The donation from Dietrich von Werben was made not only for his own salvation, but also in memory of his parents.

1197 confirmed Pope Celestine III. the S. Maria Latina monastery in Haselnorf (wüst) and Hornere (Groß- or Burgörner between Hettstedt and Klostermansfeld). The property in Erxleben seems to have been exchanged for Hornere in the meantime . It is probably about the fallen Erxleben near Aschersleben, which was later exchanged for Haselnorf.

In 1267 the Counts Otto and Heinrich von Ascharien, Prince of Anhalt, confirmed the donation made by their father Heinrich of the patronage and the church in Esterendorf (desolate near Aschersleben) with all accessories to the monastery of S. Maria Latina.

In 1269, the prior Bertramus of the Haselteorf monastery sold a hoof land in Hercksdorf (fallen desert) to the Michaelstein monastery near Blankenburg (Harz) . The sale is confirmed by Bishop Volrad von Halberstadt and Prior Rodger of the Mansfeld Monastery. It is not clear why the prior of Klostermansfeld, which belonged to the monastery of S. Maria de Valle Josaphat, confirmed the sale.

According to a document dated July 6, 1294, Heinrich, monk of the Church of S. Maria Latina in Jerusalem, and Johannes, prior of the monastery in Haselnorf, had to pledge their farm in Haselnorf for 10 silver marks to the Michaelstein monastery. However, the Count of Anhalt claimed the bailiff over this court.

1309 negotiated abbot Reinerus of the monastery S. Maria Latina in Agira with the abbot of the monastery S. Maria in the valley Josaphat in Messina about an exchange of goods; He wanted to sell the remote property in Germany and transfer it to the Mansfeld monastery ( because the church in Haselnorf had been bequeathed to his monastery , but it would not have been of any particular benefit, if he wanted to have slipped it over to the brothers in thal josaphat ... ). However, the exchange of goods only failed two years later. The abbot of the monastery of S. Maria Latina felt betrayed by his negotiator Simon Rubeus and had the already negotiated contract legally annulled. Details of this fraud are not known. Haselteorf Monastery remained as a priory at the mother monastery of S. Maria Latina.

On July 24, 1315, Count Otto II von Anhalt-Aschersleben gave the patronage rights of the churches to Erxleben (wüst) and Seedorf (wüst) to the Michaelstein monastery.

On March 2, 1326, the brothers Albrecht, Herr at Schloss Helfta, Friedrich and Johann von Hakeborn donated half a hoof of land in Zornitz (desert east of Aschersleben) to Haselnorf Monastery .

On February 9, 1334, Bishop Albrecht von Halberstadt finally exchanged the churches in Erxleben, Vallersleben and Daldorp (all three places in the immediate vicinity of Aschersleben, see also map from Oskar Stephan) ( Erkesleve, Vallersleve Daldorp, in districtu archydiaconatus banni Ascharie sitas ... ) against the church and the court of the priory in Haselnorf. The Bishop of Halberstadt also approved that the chapel in Seedorf ( Sedorp ) could be demolished and that the stones could be used to build the new priory church in Erxleben. Seedorf had apparently fallen desperately shortly before; it was northeast of Erxleben. However, an altar in honor of the church patron of the Seedorf Church, St. Nicholas to be consecrated. The church in Haselnorf was dedicated to St. Peter, and it can be assumed that the Latina monks also wanted to rededicate the church to be built in Erxleben to the Apostle Peter. In addition, the prior of Haselnorf was allowed to build new convent buildings and a new cemetery next to the church. The Esterendorf belonging to the priory ( Esterendorp in banno Gatersleve sitam ) was to remain with the new priory in Erxleben. A total of four certificates were issued for this transaction. The property in Burgörner, which is later owned by Mansfeld Abbey (or was already at that time?), Is not mentioned.

In contrast to the earlier work of Oskar Stephan and Georg Adalbert of Mülverstedt Stefan Terbruck identified Daldorp falsely with Dalldorf at Groningen and Erxleve with a dialed Erxleben in Derenburg (to the other places mentioned Vallersleve , Sedorp and Esterendorp he does not specify the locality). However, the barter documents clearly state in districtu archydiaconatus banni Ascharie (Ascharie = Aschersleben), while Esterendorp , which is also mentioned, already belonged to the banno Gatersleve ( i.e. archdeaconate Gatersleben). Seedorf also belonged to the Archiadiaconate of Aschersleben. Derenburg now definitely did not belong to the Archdiaconate Aschersleben, but to the Archdiaconate Utzleben, as well as Gröningen and the Dalldorf there, which belonged to the Archiadiaconate Eilwardesdorf (a desolate place near Gröningen). In addition, the permission to demolish the branch church of Erxleben in Seedorf and to use the stones to build the new priory church in Erxleben (distance approx. 5 km) makes little sense with Terbruck's identification (to Erxleben near Derenburg it would be around 40 km ).

In the lapel of the exchange of goods, which the Prior Friedrich issued, the accessories for Haselnorf are described in more detail. To Haselnorf belonged the church (and the patronage) and a farm with 20 hooves, six house areas ( areas ) in Haselnorf, two meadows on the mountain, which is usually called Hoppenberch , a lignetum in the Hakel forest ( foresta dicta vulgariter Hakel ), 14 house locations ( areas ) in the village of Herkestorp (deserted north of Haselnorf) with two farms located there with all rights and ownership. In the Registrum simplicis procuracionis per dioecesem halvestadensem rescriptum anno domini millesimo quadringentesimo (directory of the archdeaconates of the Diocese of Halberstadt with their communities and taxes) Haselnorf is listed twice, once in the Archiadiaconate Aschersleben and once in the Archdiaconate Gatersleben. According to the affiliation of the neighboring places Haselnorf, however, belonged to the Archdiakonat Aschersleben.

On the same day (February 9, 1334) of this barter transaction, Bishop Albrecht von Halberstadt transferred to the Archdeaconate of Bannes Aschersleben the income of the village vicariate in the cathedral of Halberstadt and the patronage right of the church of Neinlitz (desert, east of Aschersleben) as a replacement for the dem Haseln village ceded churches in Fallersleben and Dalldorf.

On June 15, 1345 Prior Friedrich pledged income from the so-called Haselendorpes Gut in Cochstedt to the vicar Heidenreich Kavernap for 16 silver marks. The annual income in Cochstedt amounted to seven Stendalische Vierdinge silver, 32 chickens and all other accessories in Cochstedt.

On May 13, 1348, Bishop Albrecht von Halberstadt confirmed the exchange between Prior Friedrich and Vicar Heidenreich Kavernap. However, there is now only talk of two marks of silver; Prior Friedrich received the taxes from farms in Dalldorf ( Daldorp ) and a piece of arable land in Dalldorf.

From around 1350 there was a dispute between the archdeacon of the Aschersleben ban and the prior Friedrich over the churches in Erxleben, Daldorf and Fallersleben. The archdeacon instructed his archpriest to protect the three churches mentioned from the presumption of Prior Friedrich in Erxleben. However, there are no more detailed explanations as to which "presumptions" of the prior were involved.

By 1357 at the latest, the convent and the priory of the monastery of S. Maria Latina in Erxleben had expired and the last monks had died. After Mülverstedt the bell of the monastery church of Erxleben came to the Hakeborn house monastery Hedersleben . In 1357, Bishop Albrecht II of Halberstadt confirmed the earlier transfer of the church in the now desolate village of Erxleben by Prince Otto II of Anhalt to the Michaelstein Monastery. A year later, his successor, Bishop Ludwig, confirmed the transfer of the patronage in Erxleben to the Michaelstein Monastery. There is no longer any mention of a (former) monastery or priory in Erxleben.

The parish churches of the former priory located in the Archiadiaconate of Aschersleben were transferred to the Convent of Our Lady in Aschersleben. However, the priory of the S. Maria monastery in the Josaphat valley in Klostermansfeld now also raised claims to the property of the expired convent. In a document that Prince Heinrich IV of Anhalt issued in 1359 and which also contained the deed of donation from 1186 as a transsumpt, the property of the now extinct convent was transferred to the Mansfeld monastery. It is not known whether the monastery was able to enforce its claim. At least the patronage of the church in Burgörner was later owned by Mansfeld Monastery.

Haselnorf fell desolate by the 15th century at the latest. According to Klamer Wilhelm Frantz, not long after this exchange (meaning the exchange from 1334) there was a flood by Selke and Eine , which flooded Hazelnut and made it uninhabitable. Unfortunately, the author does not give a source where he got this information from. Was he talking about the Magdalen flood of 1342?

The later introduction of the Selke near Gatersleben into the depression of the Aschersleber lake , which was almost silted up in the late Middle Ages, and its damming near Gatersleben resulted in a new lake with a maximum water depth of 2 meters from 1446; the lake level should therefore have been a little over 110 m. With the increase in the water level by up to 2 meters, many peripheral areas sank, especially on the northeastern shallower bank area in the new lake. In 1703 this lake was drained again and converted into agricultural land, mostly pastureland. The Topographic Map 1: 25.000 leaves Aschersleben 1934 and Cochstedt from 1904 refers to the areas of the former lake as Seeländereien .

In 1732, the new village of Königsaue is said to have been built on the site where the old Haselnorf village and monastery had stood . This Königsaue was devastated in the mid-1960s and rebuilt about 1.5 km to the northeast. This means that the old village in the Königsaue lignite opencast mine should have disappeared.

Priorities

  • 1186 Drogo
  • 1269 Bertramus, prior
  • 1294 Johannes, prior
  • 1334, 1345, 1350 Friedrich, Prior, specialis curator et mandatarius

literature

  • Walther Holtzmann: Papal, Emperor and Normans from Lower Italy. Sources and research from Italian archives and libraries, 35: 46–85, Tübingen, 1935 (hereinafter abbreviated to Holtzmann, documents from Lower Italy with the corresponding page number)
  • Max Krühne: Document book of the monasteries of the county of Mansfeld. Historical sources of the province of Saxony and neighboring areas, vol. 20, 780 p., Otto Hendel, Halle 1888 (in the following abbreviated Krühne, document book with corresponding page number)
  • Georg Adalbert von Mülverstedt: Hierographia Halberstadensis. Journal of the Harz Association for History and Archeology, 2: 56–71, Wernigerode, 1869 (hereinafter abbreviated to Mülverstedt, Hierographia Halberstadensis with corresponding page number)
  • Oskar Stephan: Contributions to the Askanische Volkskunde. 396 p., Inaugural dissertation to obtain a doctorate from the High Philosophical Faculty of the United Friedrichs-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Aschersleben, 1925 (hereinafter abbreviated to Stephan, contributions with corresponding page number)
  • Hilmar von Strombeck: On the archdeacon division of the former diocese of Halberstadt. Journal of the historical association for Lower Saxony, 1862: 1-144, Hanover 1863 (in the following abbreviated Strombeck, Archidiakonat division with corresponding page number)
  • Stefan Terbruck: The Sicilian monasteries S. Maria in Valle Josaphat in Messina and S. Maria Latina in Agira and their Saxon remote property. In: Wolfgang Huschner, Enno Bünz, Christian Lübke (eds.): Italy - Central Germany - Poland. History and culture in a European context from the 10th to the 18th century , pp. 361–384, Leipziger Universitätsverlag, Leipzig 2013 (hereinafter abbreviated to Terbruck, Sicilian monasteries with corresponding page number)
  • K. von Zittwitz: Chronicle of the city of Aschersleben. X, 374 pages, published by Carl Lorleberg, Aschersleben, 1835.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Otto von Heinemann: Codex Diplomaticus Anhaltinus. 1. Part: 936-1212. 623 S., A. Desbarats, Dessau 1867. Online at Google Books S. 475/76, document no. 648
  2. ↑ Holtzmann, documents from southern Italy, p. 61.
  3. ↑ Count Otto and Heinrich von Ascharien, Prince of Anhalt, confirmation of the donation made by their father Heinrich of the patronage and the church at Easter Village [Ostendorf] with all accessories to the B. Mariae de Latina monastery at Aschersleben: 1267
  4. ↑ a b c Otto von Heinemann: Codex Diplomaticus Anhaltinus. 2nd part: 1212-1300. 623 S., Emil Barth, Dessau 1875. Online at Google Books , S. 266/67, Urk. Nr. 367, 368, 369.
  5. ↑ a b Otto von Heinemann: Codex Diplomaticus Anhaltinus. 2nd part: 1212-1300. 623 pp., Emil Barth, Dessau 1875. Online at Google Books , p. 541, document no. 768.
  6. ^ Krühne, document book, p. 324.
  7. ↑ Terbruck, Sicilian Monasteries, p. 370
  8. ^ Otto von Heinemann: Codex Diplomaticus Anhaltinus. 3rd part: 1301-1350. 623 S., A. Desbarats, Dessau 1877 (document number 307, p. 353/54)
  9. ^ Zittwitz, Chronik Aschersleben, p. 22, footnote online at Google Books
  10. ^ Otto von Heinemann: Codex Diplomaticus Anhaltinus. 3rd part: 1301-1350. 623 S., A. Desbarats, Dessau 1877 (Document No. 507, p. 199)
  11. ^ Stephan, contributions, p. 14.
  12. ^ Stephan, contributions, p. 37.
  13. ↑ Rolf Theuring: Aschersleben then: When time began to run / Looking back at an end / Who still remembers 1945/46. BoD, Norderstedt 2015. ISBN 978-3-7347-7306-8 Preview on Google Books p. 20
  14. ↑ a b Stephan, Contributions, Map 1 in the appendix.
  15. ↑ a b c Gustav Schmidt: Document book of the Hochstift Halberstadt and its bishops. III. 710 p., Verlag von S. Hirzel, Leipzig 1887 (publications from the K. Prussian State Archives, Volume 21) Online at www.archive.org , p. 357-61, document no. 2253, pp. 361-63, document no. 2254, p. 364/64, document no. 2255, p. 367, document no. 2259.
  16. ^ Stephan, contributions, p. 40.
  17. ↑ a b Mülverstedt, Hierographia Halberstadensis, p. 62 Online at Google Books , p. 62.
  18. ↑ Strombeck, Archidiakonat-Eintheilung, p. 40. Online at Google Books
  19. ↑ Strombeck, Archidiakonat-Eintheilung, p. 113. Online at Google Books
  20. ↑ Nikolaus Hilling: The episcopal ban power, the Archipresbyterat and the Archiadiakonat in the Saxon dioceses. Archive for Catholic Church Law, with special consideration for Germany, Austria-Hungary and Switzerland, 80: 80–114, 323–345, 443–468, 645–664, Mainz 1900 Online at www.archive.org , p. 340 / 41
  21. ^ Nikolaus Hilling: Contributions to the history of the constitution and administration of the Halberstadt diocese in the Middle Ages. 1. The Halberstadt Archdeaconate. 148 p., Lingen 1902
  22. ^ Strombeck, Archidiakonat-Eintheilung, p. 60. Online at Google Books
  23. ^ Strombeck, Archidiakonat-Eintheilung, p. 42. Online at Google Books
  24. ↑ J. Graf von Bocholtz-Asseburg: Asseburg document book for the history of the Wolfenbüttel-Asseburg family. Second part. until 1400. Hahn'sche Buchhandlung, Hanover 1887, p. 177/78.
  25. ^ Gustav Schmidt: Document book of the Halberstadt bishopric and its bishops. III. 710 pp., Verlag von S. Hirzel, Leipzig 1887 (publications from the K. Prussian State Archives, Volume 21) Online at www.archive.org , p. 479, document no. 2278
  26. ^ Gustav Schmidt: Document book of the Halberstadt bishopric and its bishops. III. 710 p., Verlag von S. Hirzel, Leipzig 1887 (publications from the K. Prussian State Archives, Volume 21) Online at www.archive.org , p. 497, document no. 2398.
  27. ↑ a b Otto von Heinemann: Codex Diplomaticus Anhaltinus. 3rd part: 1301-1350. 623 S., A. Desbarats, Dessau 1877 (Document No. 908, p. 646)
  28. ↑ Mülverstedt, Hierographia Halberstadensis, p. 64 Online at Google Books
  29. ^ Otto von Heinemann: Codex Diplomaticus Anhaltinus. 4th part: 1351-1380. 623 p., Emil Barth, Dessau 1879 (Document No. 181, p. 118/19)
  30. ^ Otto von Heinemann: Codex Diplomaticus Anhaltinus. 4th part: 1351-1380. 623 p., Emil Barth, Dessau 1879 (Document No. 213, p. 139)
  31. ^ Krühne, Document Book, p. XI.
  32. ^ Klamer Wilhelm Frantz: History of the Diocese, later the Principality of Halberstadt: From its founding around the year 800 to its inclusion in the Province of Saxony in 1816. Publishing house by R. Frantz, Halberstadt 1853 Online at Google Books
  33. ↑ Dietrich Mania: The former Ascherslebener See (northern Harz foreland) in late and post-glacial times. Hercynia, Ecology and Environment in Central Europe, 4 (2): 199–260, Halle 1967.
  34. ^ Zittwitz, Chronik Aschersleben, p. 229 Online at Google Books

annotation

  1. ↑ Advertise ... hanc postmodem oblacionem melioraciones fructu commutans ecclesiam suam in Haseldorp ... , (because of the better yield)

Coordinates: 51 ° 49 ′ 40 ″  N , 11 ° 23 ′ 57 ″  E