Kolë Idromeno
Nikolla "Kolë" Idromeno [ ˌniˈkɔɫa kɔl ˈidɾɔˌmɛnɔ ] (also Kol Idromeno ; born August 15, 1860 in Shkodra ; † December 12, 1939 ibid) was an Albanian artist . He is considered to be one of the first photographers and cinematographers in Albania . His artistic work in the field of painting is also one of the most influential in the history of painting in his home country.
Live and act
Idromeno's father, Arsen Idromeno, was a medium-sized building contractor. Originally from Arta , he had long lived in Shkodra, where he married Roza Saraçi, a local. In his hometown of Shkodra, Kolë Idromeno learned the basics of photography from Pjetër Marubi , a friend of the family . At the age of eleven he began to paint his first watercolors . At the urging of Marubi and with his support, he studied painting for six months in Venice at the Accademia di belle arti di Venezia in 1876 . After dropping out of studies, he worked in the studio of a local painter as his assistant.
From 1878, back in Albania, he worked in various fields: He worked as an architect , sculptor , photographer , set designer , cinematographer , engineer , trombone player in the city orchestra and painter. He also campaigned for Albanian independence, which is why he had to emigrate to Ulcinj for a year in 1897 .
As an architect, he drew the plans for around 50 buildings. In addition to private and public buildings, he also designed industrial plants, the Rozafa cinema , a bank building and the Kafja e Madhe (The Grand Café) . The ceiling of the Shkodra Cathedral is also by Idromeno.
Idromeno founded a prosperous photo studio in 1883 with the help of Marubi. In 1912 he was the first in Albania to show films with his own projector. In the same year he founded the country's first cinema . He corresponded regularly with the Lumière brothers in Paris. Idromeno taught art, collected contemporary art and in 1923 initiated the first art exhibition in Shkodra.
Work and reception
"The painter Kol Idromeno will be called the first genuinely Albanian artist ..."
Idromeno is considered the most important painter of the Albanian national rebirth and the founder of realism in Albania.
Until 1896 he mainly painted pictures with religious themes. Later he was probably the first Albanian to paint secular and realistic pictures with historical events and everyday motifs such as celebrations (Shkodran wedding) and traditional costumes. Idromeno was the first landscape painter in modern Albanian painting (courtyard of a house in Shkodra) . The realism in his paintings was expressed through an almost photographic detail. Idromeno also created many portraits - often of family members or personalities from Shkodra. His most famous work is Motra Tone , which features his sister Tona and is sometimes referred to as the Albanian Mona Lisa . Painted in 1883, it is his first known work on his return from Venice. It is considered to be the first secular portrait of the fine arts in Albania.
His work was shown at international exhibitions, for example in Budapest in 1898 , in Vienna in 1900 and in New York in 1939 , as well as at the first National Art Exhibition in Tirana in 1931. Today they can be seen in Shkodra and Tirana in the National Art Gallery , which has 26 works, and in the Mezuraj Museum , which has at least one painting.
Idromeno's photographic work is preserved through numerous postcards, which were created especially at the time of the occupation of Shkodra by Austro-Hungarian troops during the First World War . Here, too, his work - inspired by the photography of Pjetër Marubi - shows, in addition to photos of the city and everyday scenes such as the market, many portraits, especially of women in their traditional costumes, sometimes veiled. Photography served him partly as a template for pictures, but was above all an independent expression of his artistic work.
In 1985 Idromeno was posthumously appointed Painter of the People ( Albanian Piktor i Popullit ) in communist Albania .
Motra Tone (sister Tona) ;
Oil, 1883, Tirana National Art Gallery
Oborri i shtëpisë shkodrane (courtyard of the Shkodran house) ;
Oil, around 1920, Tirana National Art Gallery
Dasma shkodrane (Shkodran wedding) ;
Oil, 1924, Tirana National Art Gallery
Shkodra: Parruca Mosque ;
Postcard around 1910
Woman from Shkodra in catholic costume;
Postcard around 1910
Ceiling of St. Stephen's Cathedral in Shkodra
literature
- Mikel Prenushi: Kolë Idromeno (1860–1939), jeta dhe vepra . 8 Nëntori, 1984.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g Galeria Kombëtare e Arteve (ed.): Nostalgji (exhibition catalog) . Tirana 2001.
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i mezuraj.museum. Retrieved August 28, 2012 .
- ^ Robert Elsie : Early Photography in Albania - Introduction. (No longer available online.) In: albanianphotography.net. Archived from the original on May 28, 2010 ; accessed on April 29, 2019 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ a b c Ferid Hudhri: Fine Arts . In: Genc Myftiu (ed.): Guide of Albanian History and Cultural Heritage . Sustainable Economic Development Agency, Tirana 2000, p. 97 f .
- ↑ a b c Ferid Hudhri: Albania Through Art . Onufri, Tirana 2003, ISBN 99927-53-67-6 .
- ↑ Kisha katolike Shkodër: Katedralja e Shen Shtjefnit. Retrieved August 28, 2012 .
- ^ A b Loïc Chauvin, Christian Raby: Albania, a photographic journey 1858-1945 . Écrits de Lumière, Paris 2011, ISBN 978-2-9538669-1-9 .
- ^ Robert Elsie: Writing in Light - Early Photography of Albania and the Southwestern Balkans / Dritëshkronja - Fotografia e hershme nga Shqipëria dhe Ballkani . ATV Media Company & Arbi, Prishtina 2007, ISBN 978-9951-8735-1-2 , pp. 9 .
- ↑ a b Friedbert Ficker: Fine arts . In: Klaus-Detlev Grothusen (Hrsg.): Albanien (= Südosteuropa-Handbuch ). tape VII . Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 1993, ISBN 3-525-36207-2 , pp. 705 f .
- ↑ Guntram Koch: DuMont Art Travel Guide Albania . DuMont, Cologne 1989, ISBN 3-7701-2079-5 .
- ↑ Renate Ndarurinze: Discovering Albania . Trescher Verlag, Berlin 2006, ISBN 3-89794-091-4 , p. 109 .
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Idromeno, Kolë |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Idromeno, Nikolla (real name); Idromeno, Kol (alternative spelling) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Albanian artist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | August 15, 1860 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Shkodra , Albania |
| DATE OF DEATH | December 12, 1939 |
| Place of death | Shkodra, Albania |