Furnas power station
| Furnas power station | ||
|---|---|---|
 |
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| location | ||
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| Coordinates | 20 ° 40 ′ 11 ″ S , 46 ° 19 ′ 5 ″ W | |
| country |
 Brazil
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| place | State of Minas Gerais | |
| Waters | Rio Grande | |
| Height upstream | 768 m | |
| power plant | ||
| owner | Furnas Centrais Elétricas | |
| operator | Furnas Centrais Elétricas | |
| Start of planning | 1957 | |
| construction time | 1958 to 1963 | |
| Start of operation | 1963 | |
| technology | ||
| Bottleneck performance | 1,216 megawatts | |
| Standard work capacity | approx. 5,500 million kWh / year | |
| Turbines | Francis turbines : 8 × 152 MW | |
| Others | ||
The Furnas Dam ( Portuguese Usina Hidrelétrica (de) Furnas ) is a hydroelectric plant in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais , which the Rio Grande to Furnas Reservoir (port. Represa de Furnas dams). The town of Passos is located about 20 kilometers west of the power plant .
The current operating company Furnas Centrais Elétricas was founded in February 1957 as Central Elétrica de Furnas SA to build the Furnas power station. Construction began in July 1958. The first machine went online in September 1963.
Barrier structure
The barrier structure consists for the most part of a rock embankment dam with a clay core and a maximum height of 127 m. The length of the dam crown is 554 m and the width of the crown 15 m. The top of the dam is at a height of 772 m above sea level . The volume of the dam is 9.45 million m³.
The weir system with the flood relief consists of 7 gates with a width of 11.5 m and a height of 15.8 m. A maximum of 13,000 m³ / s can be discharged.
Reservoir
With a normal storage target of 768 m (max. 769.3 m at high water), the reservoir extends over an area of around 1,440 km² and holds 22.95 billion m³ of water - 17.217 billion m³ of this can be used to generate electricity. The minimum congestion destination at which the machines can still be operated is 750 m. The power station and the reservoir are also used to control the flow of water in the Rio Grande, which is advantageous for generating electricity in the downstream run-of-river power stations Luís Carlos Barreto de Carvalho and Porto Colômbia , as their reservoirs have a comparatively small usable volume. The Furnas Reservoir normally fills up during the rainy season from November to April, and then empties during the dry season from May to October.
power plant
With an installed capacity of 1,216 MW, the Furnas power plant is the fourth largest power plant operated by the electricity producer Furnas Centrais Elétricas . At the time of construction, its planned output was one third of total generating capacity in Brazil. The average annual production fluctuates: in 2008 it was 5.158 billion kWh and in 2009 it was 6.300 billion kWh. The power plant serves to cover base and medium loads .
machinery
A total of eight machines with a maximum output of 152 MW each are installed, which went into operation from 1963 to 1974. The following table gives an overview:
| machine | Max. Power (MW) | Start of operation | turbine | generator | Nominal speed (1 / min) | Rotor diameter (m) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 152 | 09.1963 | Nohab | Siemens | 150 | 4,485 |
| 2 | 152 | 1964 | Nohab | Siemens | 150 | 4,485 |
| 3 | 152 | 1964 | Nohab | Siemens | 150 | 4,485 |
| 4th | 152 | 1964 | Nohab | Siemens | 150 | 4,485 |
| 5 | 152 | 1965 | Nohab | Siemens | 150 | 4,485 |
| 6th | 152 | 07.1965 | Nohab | Siemens | 150 | 4,485 |
| 7th | 152 | 1974 | Nohab / Bardella | CGE / MEP | 150 | 4,485 |
| 8th | 152 | 1974 | Nohab / Bardella | CGE / MEP | 150 | 4,485 |
The eight Francis turbines are located in a machine house at the foot of the right dam. The associated generators have a nominal voltage of 15 kV and a nominal frequency of 60 Hz. In the switchgear , the generator voltage of 15 kV is increased to 345 kV by means of single-phase power transformers. The switchgear is on the right side of the river.
The power plant is owned by Furnas Centrais Elétricas and is also operated by Furnas.
Others
The World Bank granted Central Elétrica de Furnas SA a loan of US $ 73 million in 1958 for the construction of the Furnas power station.
In February 2014, the water level of the reservoir fell to 759 m, the lowest level since 2001. Normally, the reservoir fills up during the rainy season from November to April, and is then emptied during the dry season from May to October, which leads to a steady generation of electricity Power plant chain on the Rio Grande contributes throughout the year.
In 2005 Furnas began to modernize or replace the machines and systems of the power plant, which will cost an estimated R $ 337.6 million . This is intended to extend the service life of the machines by 30 to 40 years.
Web links
- Hydroelectric Plants in Brazil - Minas Gerais. Power Plants Around the World, accessed October 4, 2014 .
- Usina Hidrelétrica Furnas. Youtube, accessed October 4, 2014 (Portuguese).
- Hidrelétrica de Furnas (Shangrylá). Youtube, accessed October 4, 2014 (Portuguese).
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Memorandum of the President to the Executive Directors on a Proposed Loan to Central Eletrica De Furnas SA for Hydroelectric Project in the State of Minas Gerais in Brazil. (PDF; 498 kB) Worldbank, September 12, 1958, p. 3 , accessed on October 4, 2014 (English).
- ↑ A Central Elétrica de Furnas eo Desenvolvimentismo no Brasil (1952-1965). SciELO - Scientific Electronic Library Online, accessed October 4, 2014 (Portuguese).
- ↑ a b c d e f g Furnas Hydroelectric Plant. (No longer available online.) Furnas Centrais Elétricas, archived from the original on October 6, 2014 ; accessed on October 4, 2014 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ a b c d Furnas Hydroelectric Power Plant Brazil. Global Energy Observatory, accessed October 4, 2014 .
- ^ Luiz Carlos Barreto de Carvalho Hydroelectric Plant. Furnas Centrais Elétricas, accessed September 29, 2014 .
- ^ Porto Colômbia Hydroelectric Plant. Furnas Centrais Elétricas, accessed October 2, 2014 .
- ↑ a b Baixo nível faz Lago de Furnas ter pior fevereiro dos últimos 13 anos. globo.com, February 17, 2014, accessed October 5, 2014 (Portuguese).
- ↑ Generating capacity. Furnas Centrais Elétricas, accessed September 29, 2014 .
- ^ Brazil - Furnas Hydroelectric Project. Worldbank, accessed October 4, 2014 .
- ↑ Usina pioneira é modernizada. (PDF; 169 kB) Furnas Centrais Elétricas, September 2005, accessed on October 5, 2014 (Portuguese).
