Kuckenburg
Kuckenburg is a district of the Obhausen municipality in Saxony-Anhalt .
prehistory
Interest in the hilltop settlements of the region of Saxony-Anhalt / Thuringia was the discovery of the Nebra Sky Disc triggered the public's attention to the prehistoric, early Bronze Age civilization with high standing culture drew. As part of the project “The Departure to New Horizons. The finds from Nebra , Saxony-Anhalt, and their significance for the Bronze Age of Europe ”Module A 3 of the research group 550“ The hill settlements of the micro and macro regions - economic, political-social, administrative and cultic central locations ”, archaeological investigations were carried out in 2004/2005 through the department for prehistory and early history of the Friedrich Schiller University Jena . The project is dedicated to researching the meaning and function of the settlements in the Early Bronze Age of Central Germany . In the end, twelve sites of the macro-region around Nebra (radius of 40 km) were included in the investigations , which appeared to be promising after the inspections and the inspection of the old finds. Initially the focus of the investigations was on the hill settlements. So what did these hill settlements actually look like? Could it be central locations that, as suspected, had the function of fortified control locations for trade at topographically favorable points and were representative signs of a detached class?
At the Kuckenburg, a total of 27 findings were recorded in two probe sections 2 m wide and 227 m and 135 m long . There are six trenches, a wall foot and post and settlement pits . The dating was based on the ceramics in the Neolithic , the late Bronze Age and the high and late Middle Ages . In addition, a 10 m × 30 m excavation cut was made on the spur in 2007 in order to be able to classify the settlement in the interior. It was found that the trenches date partly to the late Bronze Age and partly to the Middle Ages. This was also evident in the settlement pits in the front area. In addition to an early medieval mine house, especially late Bronze Age settlement pits were documented here. Five pits deserve special attention in which complete human skeletons or parts of them have been found.
A few hundred meters from the Kuckenburg away on the other side of the valley in the direction Esperstedt were in the aerial image realized in the construction of A 38 two grave plants , each with a Sondageschnitt examined. The eastern trench consists of two trenches running parallel to each other at a distance of approx. 5.5 m. Due to the limited excavation section , no regularity could be ascertained, nor could the alignment or correspondence of the differently deepened areas between the individual trenches. The grave work could be dated to the Salzmünder culture through the pottery found in the trenches . The facility to the west also consisted of two trenches that were excavated in a probe cut. The outer trench showed itself in profile as a shallow bed trench with double post placement , the inner trench as a max. 1.50 m deep ditch. Similar settlement burials were also discovered here. The scientific dating of this facility with the help of radiocarbon dating is still pending.
history
In a register of the tithe of the Hersfeld monastery , which was created between 881 and 899, Kuckenburg is mentioned for the first time in a document as the place of Cucunbur [c] in Friesenfeld, which is subject to a tenancy fee . Further mentions are 999 with the donation of the Kuckenburg by Otto III. to Count Esiko von Merseburg and after his death in 1004 by Heinrich II. to the Merseburg Cathedral Foundation.
The castle of Kuckenburg can only be guessed at today, it was located on the Kranzberg. An excavation by the University of Jena and the State Office for the Preservation of Monuments and Archeology revealed pit houses and fortification trenches from the 8th to 12th centuries, as well as a castle chapel.
After Kuckenburg was Gunzelin of Kuckenburg (* 965; † after 1017), Markgraf of Meißen , designated 1002 to 1009, equal to distinguish it from other counts name because all the Kuckenburg as allodium belonged. Possibly he had taken it over from the Merseburg Cathedral Foundation. He was reported to King Heinrich II in 1008 by his two nephews , Count Hermann and Ekkehard from Meissen , for enslavement of Slavic Christians, and then removed from his office as Margrave of Meissen at a Princely Congress in Merseburg . He was then imprisoned in Ströbeck for eight years . He may have lived in Kuckenburg for two to three years after his release.
Today about 75 inhabitants live in the place (1939: 150 inhabitants), in which there is a church. The Protestant village church was built around 1750, small pulpit altar, carved baptism, baroque organ case, organ from 1904.
On July 1, 1950, Kuckenburg was incorporated into Esperstedt ( Esperstedt Süd train station ).
Surname
The name Kuckenburg may have been derived from:
1. the old spelling Cucun-Burg , which means something like seeing castle, fortress or border tower. Around 1000, castles in Hassegau were only small complexes (a stone tower with an entrance about 6 meters high and surrounded by a wooden picket fence) that were only occupied by six to ten people.
2. from the cuckoo call (Latin cuculus, cuculare [onomatopoeic]): ahd. Gugguch / gugguck / guckgauch gugzet / peeps (calls); mhd. kukuk.
3. look (early hand, md./obd., Derived from children's language: arouse attention by calling "cuckoo") = direct your eyes precisely on something, observe with tense attention, keep an eye out ( lookout )
4. in the sense of "stand out, become visible, jump into the eyes", that is, with a passive character, often used when objects catch the observer's attention or protrude unexpectedly or conspicuously from a different area (neudt. Eye- catcher ). The boundary to 3. is not always sharply drawn.
Web links
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena: The finds from Nebra, hilltop settlements ( Memento from June 18, 2010 in the Internet Archive )
Individual evidence
- ^ Reg. Thur. No. 287
- ↑ Federal Statistical Office (Ed.): Municipalities 1994 and their changes since 01.01.1948 in the new federal states . Metzler-Poeschel, Stuttgart 1995, ISBN 3-8246-0321-7 .
Coordinates: 51 ° 25 ' N , 11 ° 40' E