Kurt Exner (archaeologist)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Kurt Exner (* 31 August 1912 in Radebeul , † autumn 1943 dropped; Complete name: Konrad Felix Kurt Exner ) was a German provincial Roman archaeologist who in particular by the structure, cataloging and temporal allocation of the provincial Roman Email - fibulae the Rhineland a name made. His system is still used in research today.

Live and act

Exner was the Protestant baptized son of the businessman Kurt Exner and his wife Marta, née Motz. On March 9, 1932, he passed his matriculation examination at the secondary school “In der Lößnitz” in his hometown and then passed the humanistic supplementary examination at the Gymnasium zum Heiligen Kreuz in Dresden . From the summer semester of 1932 he attended the Technical University of Dresden for two semesters and then went to the Georg-August University of Göttingen for one semester . There, in the summer of 1933, he attended a seminar by the philologist Kurt Latte . He then interrupted his studies for a short time in order to acquire professional practice during excavations . At the beginning of 1934 he was involved in the recovery of a Bronze Age settlement from the local cemetery in Radebeul. and then dug under Otto Kleemann together with other students such as Walter Grünberg and Walter Coblenz as well as a police sergeant assigned for the duration of this excavation by the Reich Ministry of the Interior at the prehistoric castle wall " Heidenschanze " in Dresden-Coschütz . In parallel with these excavations, there were find observations in Weinböhla up until March of the same year , which also dealt with prehistoric findings. From the summer of 1934 Exner was enrolled for two semesters at the University of Bonn and at the same time took subjects at the University of Cologne . At that time he was responsible for a site inspection of a large moth near Lechenich and another in Antweiler . He was also entrusted with the site inspection and localization of a medieval coin treasure found in 1935 by the population in the district of Weeze Hees near the Dutch border in October of the same year. After this time he attended the University of Marburg for two more semesters and then returned to Bonn to finish his studies.

After his oral examination on May 25, 1938, Exner received his doctorate with Richard Delbrueck in Bonn with submission of his dissertation The provincial Roman enamel primers of the Rhineland , which quickly made him known among experts. In 1938 he became a research assistant at the recently founded Museum for Local Prehistory and Protohistory in Frankfurt am Main , in 1939 he switched to the Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation in Munich as a consultant for Prehistory and Protohistory and took over from there on May 1st of In the same year, the Erlangen prehistorian Rudolf Paulsen took the position of deputy curator at the branch of the State Monuments Office in Würzburg. Exner had already been working on the creation of a register for the recently completed Limes work on behalf of the Roman-Germanic Commission (RGK) in Frankfurt since 1938 . The RGK had previously made several unsuccessful efforts in this direction. However, due to the professional reorientation, Exner was not able to continue the work he had been doing since May 1939 until autumn 1939. He was the first who wanted to finally eliminate the lack of an index volume on the Limeswerk, which was recognized early on, which was also demanded after him by the Second Director of the Roman-Germanic Commission, Wilhelm Schleiermacher (1904–1977). However, when Exner was called up for military service in the army in the spring of 1940, the career of this young scientist came to an end. It fell in autumn 1943. Due to Exner's death, a small guide to the Weissenburg Castle could no longer be completed.

Exner and the enamel primers

Exner divided the enamel primers into three large groups, with group I bow primers mainly containing sleeve hinge primers, group II listing equilateral primers , while group III deals with plate and disc primers.

According to Exner, the Rhenish primers with enamel inlays were not edited again in summary. Today the timing of individual primers made by Exner is sometimes doubted.

Fonts

  • Two Roman enamel vessels from free Germania. In: Ernst Sprockhoff (Ed.): Marburg studies. Festschrift for Prof. von Merhart . Dannstadt 1938, pp. 47–53.
  • A new, walled cemetery in Frankfurt a. M.-Heddernheim, Tiberiusstrasse. In: The Museum for Local Prehistory and Early History II. Frankfurt am Main 1938, pp. 67–72.
  • Cremation grave with make-up box and ointment rub plate. In: The Museum for Local Prehistory and Early History II. Frankfurt am Main 1938, pp. 68–70.
  • The provincial Roman enamel primers of the Rhineland In: Report of the Roman-Germanic Commission 29, 1939 (1941), pp. 31–122 (= dissertation).
  • The relationship between the Pannonian enamel finds and the Rhenish ones. In: Ibolya Sellye: Császárkori emailmunkák Pannoniábol. The bronzes émaillés de la Pannonie Romaine. Institut de numismatique et d'archéologie de l'université Pierre Pázmány, Budapest 1939, pp. 89–91. (in Hungarian and French).
  • Roman dagger sheaths with inlaid and enamel decoration. In: Germania. Bulletin of the Roman-Germanic Commission of the German Archaeological Institute. 24, Berlin 1940, pp. 22-28.
  • with Karl Heinz Wagner : Report of the prehistoric department of the Bavarian State Office for the Preservation of Monuments for the year 1938. In: Bavarian prehistory sheets. 16, 1942, pp. 26-84.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Carl Joachim Classen : Kurt Latte, Professor of Classical Philology 1931–1935; 1945–1957. In: Carl Joachim Classen (Hrsg.): The classical antiquity at the Georg-August-Universität Göttingen. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 1989, ISBN 3-525-35845-8 , p. 215.
  2. ↑ a b Nachrichtenblatt für Deutsche Vorzeit 11, 1935, p. 62.
  3. ↑ Otto Kleemann: Burgwallgrabung in Dresden-Coschütz in 1934. In: Nachrichtenblatt für Deutsche Vorzeit 11, 1935, p. 149.
  4. ↑ Bonner Jahrbücher 142, 1937, p. 260.
  5. ↑ Bonner Jahrbücher 142, 1937, p. 231.
  6. ↑ Bonner Jahrbücher 142, 1937, p. 183.
  7. ↑ Kurt Exner: Die provinzialrömischen Emailfibeln der Rheinlande In: Report der Römisch-Germanische Kommission 29, 1939 (1941), pp. 31–122.
  8. ↑ a b Kurt Böhner , in: Guide to prehistoric and early historical monuments. Volume 27: Würzburg, Karlstadt, Iphofen, Schweinfurt. Zabern, Mainz 1982, p. 3.
  9. ^ Short report in the yearbook of the German Archaeological Institute 55, 1940, annual report p. IV.
  10. ↑ The index volume was published in 1982: Jürgen Oldenstein : Fund index for "The Upper Germanic-Raetian Limes of the Roman Empire" . Zabern, Mainz 1982, ISBN 3-8053-0549-4 .
  11. ^ Konrad Spindler : Weissenburg-Gunzenhausen district. Archeology and history. In: Guide to archaeological monuments in Germany . Volume 14, Theiss, Stuttgart 1987, ISBN 3-8062-0493-4 , p. 37. There, Kurt Exner is incorrectly named Rudolf Exner .
  12. ↑ Helga Donder: The fibulae. (= Catalog of the collection of antique cabaret of the Archaeological Institute of Heidelberg University . Volume 3, 2.), Zabern, Mainz 1994, ISBN 3-8053-1537-6 . P. 130.
  13. ↑ Dieter Planck: Arae Flaviae. New investigations into the history of the Roman Rottweil. Commission publisher Müller & Gräff, Stuttgart 1975, ISBN 3-87532-061-1 , p. 177.
  14. ↑ Kerstin Hoffmann: Small finds from the Roman Empire from Lower Franconia. Studies on the history of settlements and the cultural relationship between Germans and Romans. Marie Leidorf, Rahden 2004, ISBN 3-89646-352-7 , p. 30.
personal data
SURNAME Exner, Kurt
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Exner, Konrad Felix Kurt (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German provincial Roman archaeologist
DATE OF BIRTH August 31, 1912
PLACE OF BIRTH Radebeul
DATE OF DEATH 1943