Kurt Kühme
Kurt Kühme (born August 27, 1885 in Lötzen , East Prussia , † December 25, 1944 near Hallschlag , Eifel ) was a German officer , free corps leader and politician of the NSDAP and SA- Obergruppenführer.
Life
Youth and First World War
After attending school, Kurt Kühme was first educated in the cadet corps. He was then hired on March 22, 1903 as a porter ensign in the 10th Lorraine Infantry Regiment No. 174 , of which he belonged until 1913. On October 18, 1903, Kühme was promoted to ensign . In the following years until the beginning of the First World War, Kühme was promoted to lieutenant (August 18, 1904) and first lieutenant (August 18, 1913).
From 1913 until the outbreak of the First World War in August 1914, Kühme belonged to an infantry battalion. From August 1914 to 1915, Kühme was head of the staff guard at the headquarters of the German Supreme Army Command . In this capacity he was awarded the Iron Cross of both classes in the first year of the war .
From 1915 to 1917 Kühme led a company of his regular regiment. He then commanded the 1st Battalion of Reserve Infantry Regiment No. 261 until the end of the war. On June 25, 1915, Kühme was promoted to captain and on August 30, 1918, shortly before the end of the war, he was awarded the Pour le Mérite .
Interwar period
After the war, Kühme led the Silesian Freikorps Kühme named after him . With this he took part in border fights with Poland in 1919 and 1920 and in the suppression of the Ruhr uprising.
After participating in the Kapp Putsch in and around Berlin in March 1920, the Kühme Freikorps moved to Westphalia to help smash the workers' strike in the Ruhr area . After the stabilization of the Weimar Republic , the Freikorps were disbanded. At the end of May 1920, the Freikorps Kühme handed over some of its equipment to the 2nd Battalion Reichswehr Jägerregiment No. 30 in Eilenburg near Leipzig . In the Prussian Ministry of Agriculture , a placement office for those released from the army had been set up. Kurt Kühme, who was looking for land to settle for his people, also reported there. He was assigned the state part of the Müggenburger Moor near Ehlershausen . In June 1920 the settlement began in the area, which today still bears the name "Jägerheide", with about 250 men. Towards the end of 1922, quarrels arose between Kühme and most of the former officers as well as a number of men. Almost all former volunteer corps members then left the work they had started, so that ultimately only a small number remained.
From 1925 to 1930 Kühme headed the popular sports school in Wünsdorf . After joining the Nazi movement, he headed the SA Reichsführer-School in Munich from March 31, 1931 to April 13, 1932 and again from July 1, 1932 to June 30, 1934 . In the SA he was successively appointed Gruppenführer (1931) and Obergruppenführer (June 27, 1933).
A few months after the transfer of power to the National Socialists in the spring of 1933, Kühme was appointed to the Adjutantur of the Supreme SA leadership on June 27, 1933 as SA Obergruppenführer . From 1937 to 1942 Kühme served as head of the military sports department in the main office of fighting games of the supreme SA leadership.
After Austria's "annexation" to the German Reich in spring 1938, Kühme was unsuccessfully proposed by the SA leadership as a member of the Reichstag. In that year he also briefly served as an honorary judge at the People's Court .
In July 1938, Kühme was made available to the Wehrmacht .
Second World War
After the outbreak of World War II , Kühme was initially employed as field commander in Lodz from September 10, 1939 to February 24, 1940 . He was then entrusted with the command of the Reserve Infantry Regiment No. 79, which he led until July 21, 1940. After he had briefly belonged to the Führerreserve (Military District Command VIII), Kühme commanded the 306 Infantry Regiment from July 30, 1940 to October 16, 1941.
After he had once again briefly belonged to the Führerreserve (military district command VIII), Kühme commanded the Grenadier Regiment 454 of the 254th Infantry Division from October 26, 1941 to May 2, 1942 . He then led the Infantry Replacement Battalion 454 in the same infantry division until July 1 of the same year.
At the same time, on February 1, 1942, he had taken over the post of inspector of the SA pioneers, which he would hold until his death. He then led the 677 Grenadier Regiment of the 332nd Infantry Division from July 1, 1942 to December 15, 1942 .
On October 1, 1942, Kühme was promoted to colonel for special use. On December 15, 1942 he took command of the Reserve Grenadier Regiment 252 of the 148th Reserve Division , which he led until May 11, 1943. On March 24, 1943 Kühme was appointed as a substitute for the resigned MP Werner Schwarz to the Reichstag MP for constituency 19 (Hessen-Nassau).
From May 11, 1943 to June 4, 1943, Kühme led the Grenadier Regiment 869 of the 356th Infantry Division . After he had been a member of the Führerreserve of the High Command of the Army (OKH) for a few weeks , he was assigned to Army Group Center on September 26, 1943, to take over Grenadier Regiment 406 of the 201st Security Division on October 13, 1943 , which he until July 29, 1944. After that he was again assigned to the Führerreserve for a few months. On October 9, 1944, Kühme was awarded the German Cross in Gold.
On December 25, 1944, a few days after his appointment as provisional commander of the division e.g. V. 406 (formerly 406th Landesschützen Division) on December 19, 1944, Kühme fell during combat operations, as did the previous division commander Gerd Schorbening . On January 25, 1945, he was posthumously appointed major general at special disposal.
literature
- Erich Stockhorst: 5000 people. Who was what in the 3rd Reich . Arndt, Kiel 2000, ISBN 3-88741-116-1 (unchanged reprint of the first edition from 1967).
- Ernst Kienast (ed.): The Greater German Reichstag 1938, fourth electoral period . R. v. Decker's Verlag, G. Schenck, June 1943 edition, Berlin.
- Edgar von Schmidt-Pauli: History of the Freikorps 1918–1924: According to official sources, time reports, diaries and personal communications of excellent Freikorps leaders . Stuttgart 1936, p. 359.
- Hagen Schulze: Freikorps and Republic 1918–1920 . Boppard am Rhein 1969, p. 322.
Web links
- Kurt Kühme in the online version of the Reich Chancellery Edition Files. Weimar Republic
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d Samuel W. Mitcham: German Order of Battle: 291st-999th Infantry divisions, named infantry divisions, and special divisions in World War II . Stackpole Books, 2007, ISBN 978-0-8117-3437-0 , pp. 105 ( google.de [accessed on May 1, 2019]).
- ^ Blazek, Matthias: "Jägerregiment Freikorps Kühme", in: Blazek, Matthias; Evers, Wolfgang: Villages in the shadow of the Müggenburg , Adelheidsdorf 1997, pp. 437–444.
- ↑ Arnd Krüger & Frank v. Lojewski: Selected aspects of military sports in Lower Saxony during the Weimar period, in: H. LANGENFELD & S. NIELSEN (Ed.): Contributions to the history of sports in Lower Saxony. Part 2: Weimar Republic. (⇐ Series of publications by the Lower Saxony Institute for Sport History, Vol. 12) Hoya: NISH 1998, pp. 124–148.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Take care, Kurt |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German officer, politician (NSDAP), MdR and SA leader |
| DATE OF BIRTH | August 27, 1885 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Lötzen , East Prussia |
| DATE OF DEATH | December 25, 1944 |
| Place of death | Hallschlag , Eifel |