Herrenwyk
.JPG)
Herrenwyk is a district of Lübeck in the Lübeck-Kücknitz district . It is located on the north bank of the Untertrave opposite the Lübeck district of Schlutup .
Name interpretation
Similar to Herrenbrücke and Herreninsel , the name is derived from the name Hering , which was and is particularly abundantly caught here because of the natural narrowing of the Trave. The ending -wyk, -wik , -wiek means bay in the north German-speaking area .
Character of the district
Herrenwyk is a district of Lübeck that is predominantly characterized by industry and commerce. The blast furnace works , the Flender shipyard and the fish industry shaped this working-class district until the 1990s . The on Travelodge leading Herrenbrücke , the largest bascule bridge in Europe, part of the appearance Herrenwyks. With industrialization, extensive workers' settlements were created, which can still be visited today around Eisenstrasse .
The buildings that were built at the time of the blast furnace plant are now used for other purposes. So the casino is now a retirement home. The former bath house, which was used by the residents of Herrenwyk, whose houses did not have bathrooms, is used for office purposes.
Herrenwyk history workshop
At the intersection of Kokerstraße / Bäckereistraße is the Herrenwyk history workshop , a lovingly furnished small museum with numerous exhibits from the former blast furnace factory. There is documentation on the living conditions of the workers, a shop, a forge with tools and a forge hammer, the production of submarine parts and one-man submarines. In a separate room, the industrial plants in Lübeck that employed forced laborers in World War II are shown on one map, and the forced labor camps on another map.
Former camp
After the Second World War, the Flender I, II and III refugee camps and the Nikolaus camp were important for the Herrenwyk district . Around 18,000 refugees from the former German eastern regions were housed in these camps. Many of them found their first job at the Flender shipyard or in the fishing industry. The "Lager Am Stau", which the SS had already set up as a forced labor camp on Herreninsel near today 's Herrentunnel , was used in the summer of 1947 for Polish displaced persons , some of whom were returned to their homeland against their will. In autumn 1947, the British military government housed the Exodus passengers brought to Germany as illegal immigrants on July 18, 1947 by the British about 20 kilometers from Gaza , as in the Pöppendorf camp in the Waldhusener Forest .
After the camp was abolished, a colony of arbors consolidated into a small residential area on leased land on Herreninsel .
Flender shipyard
Founded in 1917, bankruptcy October 2002
The Flender shipyard was founded in 1917. Originally only the construction of floating docks was planned ; however, the construction of ships and submarines began very quickly . In the 1950s, the Flender shipyard was one of the largest employers in Lübeck with up to 4,000 employees. Due to the shipbuilding crisis, the workforce had to be reduced more and more. Nevertheless, the yard held out until it took over the construction of two high-speed ferries for the Greek shipping company Superfast Ferries and had to file for bankruptcy in October 2002. 800 remaining jobs were lost. The last ship was the Norröna for the Faroe Islands. This also ended the 120-year history of iron and steel shipbuilding in Lübeck. The Flender shipyard was finally deleted from the commercial register in 2006. Most of the buildings were demolished and the area is now used by the Lehmann shipping company for ferry operations to the Eastern Bloc countries.
Blast furnace plant
Founded in 1905, bankrupt in 1981
Until the beginning of the 1990s, the Herrenwyk district was the location of a large iron and steel works . The furnace gas produced in this blast furnace was burned by a power plant in Lübeck-Herrenwyk. The foundation stone for the plant was laid on November 7, 1905 and put into operation in August 1907. From 1905 Moritz Neumark (1866–1943) shaped the fortunes of the company until 1934, because of his Jewish origins, he was forced to resign from his position as general director and sole director. In 1937 Friedrich Flick took over the plant, in 1954 it was converted into Metallhüttenwerke Lübeck AG , from 1958 GmbH. After bankruptcy proceedings in 1981, the plant was demolished and leveled in 1992. The site was managed by Neue Metallhüttenwerke Lübeck GmbH , which was founded on April 20, 1982 and has not existed since 1991. In 2009 the company's last building, the 42 meter high cooling tower built in 1978 , was demolished. The port operator Lehmann KG will use the area as a parking and maneuvering area for trailers.
Power plants
Commissioned in 1911, demolished in 1990
On June 11, 1911, the power plant of Nordwestdeutsche Kraftwerke AG NWK went into operation next to the blast furnace plant in Lübeck-Herrenwyk. A second power plant followed in 1942 in Lübeck-Siems. Both power plants, which last belonged to PreussenElektra (now E.ON ), were shut down in the early 1990s and have since been demolished.
Converter station
In place of the power plants, the converter station of the HVDC Baltic Cable was built, which went into operation in 1994. A 380 kV line goes from the Herrenwyk converter station to the Lübeck-Siems substation , which ends there. This line is the only 380 kV line in Germany that is not directly connected to the other lines at this voltage level. Although a continuation to Schwerin has been planned since 1990 , this project has not yet been implemented for environmental reasons. There is also a 110/10-kV transformer station on the site of the converter station, which is fed by two 110-kV circuits from the Lübeck-Siems transformer station and a 380/110-kV transformer. The 110 kV circuits are mounted on the lowest crossbeam of the overhead line to the Lübeck-Siems substation, which is a combined 380/110 kV overhead line. Because the converter station in Lübeck-Herrenwyk was not connected to the Central European 380 kV network, the Baltic Cable could not be operated with the maximum output of 600 megawatts until 2004, but only with a maximum of 372 megawatts. This year, a static reactive power compensator (SVC) designed and built by Siemens was put into operation in Lübeck-Siems and a 220 kV underground cable was laid to the Lübeck-Bargerbrück substation, which now enables transmission with 600 MW.
Herren Bridge and Tunnel
Herrenbrücke: construction started in 1960, demolition from September 2005
The Herrenbrücke was a bascule bridge with four steel flaps. Construction began on September 1, 1960. With its approach bridges and the actual bascule bridge, it was around 550 meters long, the width of the deck was 27 meters and the clearance between the river pillars was 62 meters. With a maximum height for navigation of 22 meters, many vehicles could pass the bridge without opening.
Due to the many defects and immensely high repair and maintenance costs, the Herrenbrücke was demolished in September 2005 and replaced by the tolled Herren Tunnel.
Technical center
With de-industrialization comes restructuring. The private technology center is a technology center that locates and supports young companies and start-ups in Herrenwyk .
port
A large investment in Herrenwyk was made in the port area, with three port operators competing with each other in this district. The municipal Lübecker Hafengesellschaft (LHG) operates the Seelandkai with three berths , the private Lehmann Group converted the former shipyard of the Flender-Werke into a transshipment port with several berths at various quays and also took over the CTL site of the Hamburger Hafen und Logistik ( HHLA), which operated a new container terminal there until 2009, especially for rail-bound container transport.
Web links
Individual proof
- ↑ Website of the Herrenwyk Industrial Museum History Workshop ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
Coordinates: 53 ° 54 ′ 15 ″ N , 10 ° 48 ′ 18 ″ E