Luebsche goods
The Lübschen goods are a collective term in legal history for agricultural estates owned by Lübeck patrician families that were outside the Lübeck Landwehr in Holstein , in the Principality of Lübeck and in the Duchy of Lauenburg , but with the acquisition by citizens of the Free Imperial City during the 14th century according to Lübeck's legal opinion henceforth only to the Holy Roman Empire and the jurisdiction of the Imperial Court, were no longer subject to the respective sovereign.
The families who owned these estates, almost all of whom were related by marriage to each other and were members of the circle society , were later mostly ennobled under imperial law by the emperor and did not belong to the knighthoods of the surrounding imperial states. According to a frequently cited list, the goods were distributed as follows in 1654: Anton Köhler owned Bliestorf, Gotthard von Höveln Moisling, Gottschalk von Wickede Kastorf, Gotthard von Brömbsen Krumesse, Kronsforde and Niemark, Andreas Albrecht von Brömbsen Niendorf and Reecke, Christian Tode Rondeshagen, Heinrich Lüneburg Eckhorst, Hans von Brömbsen Groß-Steinrade, Dietrich von Brömbsen Klein-Steinrade, Heinrich von Brömbsen Stockelsdorf, Adrian Müller Mori, Georg von Stiten (the father of Hartwig von Stiten ) (1640–1692) Schönböcken, Otto Brokes (from the family Lüneburg ) Krempelsdorf, Volkmar Warendorf Dunkelsdorf, Bruno Warendorf and through this H. Dietrich Kirchring (Kerckring) Brandenbaum. Only in the course of inner-city unrest, which led to the treasury trial in 1665 , some of them submitted to the protection of the Danish king as lord of Holstein in 1666 under the leadership of Gotthard von Höveln. These goods were subsequently subject to the royal portion of the country under the jurisdiction of the Glückstadt Chancellery and the Regional Court; The noble patricians kept a formal distance from the knightly landed gentry, despite some close family ties. Despite protests from Lübeck, the regulation lasted with restrictions until the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss 1803. A softening succeeded in the Peace of Traventhal in 1700 . With Holstein, represented by the Danish king, final bilateral arrangements were then found for Westerau, Niendorf and Reecke in 1802, after which these were added to the Lübeck national territory. For others, the assignment changed several times. The last major cleanup took place in 1937 with the Greater Hamburg Act by the National Socialists.
Dark Village
The village and thus the former Gut Dunkelsdorf are now part of the large community of Ahrensbök . The knight Tidericus Dunker from Westphalia settled here as early as 1155 and founded the village, which was named Dunkerstorpe after him . He also owned the villages of Böbs and Swinekenroda (Schwinkenrade). Dunkelsdorf came first to the Holstein knightly family von Reventlow. On April 23, 1353 Nicolaus, Augustin, Johann and Heinrich von Reventlow sold the village of Dunkelsdorf to the Lübeck citizen Wilhelm Warendorp, so that it came into the hands of Lübeck patricians. The von Warendorp family held the estate until 1688, then after a hereditary dispute it passed to the Kerkring family from Lübeck, who sold it to Waldemar von Zylow in 1749. In the following period there were frequent changes of ownership until after the Second World War. In 1953 the estate was relocated.
The manor house in its present form and the park were built in 1876. In 1972 the mansion burned down and stood in ruins until it was rebuilt in 1979. The former horse stable of the noble estate, which is under monument protection , was renovated in 1997.
Bliestorf
From 1380, half the village of Bliestorf is owned by the Lübeck councilor Segebodo Crispin (1349-1388). 1397 confirmed Duke Erich III. von Sachsen-Lauenburg Hermann Darsow also Lübeck councilor a. a. the possession of the remaining part of Bliestorf. From 1476 Bliestorf was reunited under the mayor of Lübeck, Hermann von Wickede. Shortly after the death of councilor Gotthard Gottschalk von Wickede , the von Wickede family had to give up Bliestorf in 1737. In 1747 the reunion with the Duchy of Lauenburg takes place and with it the end of the Lübschen rule. But it was not until 1770 that Bliestorf was accepted into the knights and landscape of the duchy.
Eckhorst
Grinau
In 1747 the reunion with the Duchy of Lauenburg takes place and with it the end of the rule of Lübschen.
Groß Schenkenberg
Bought in 1381 by the Lübeck patrician family Schepenstede. 1416 by marriage to the von Calven family. In 1568 Thomas von Calven got into an argument with the Lübeck council and went under the protection of the Duke of Lauenburg.
Big stone wheel
The former Lübsche Gut Groß Steinrade, located outside of the Lübeck Landwehr , was only incorporated from Stockelsdorf to Lübeck as part of a regional reform in 1970 .
The first owner named in 1306 was Marquard von Sandberg , who sold Groß Steinrade and Eckhorst to Dietrich von Alen , a citizen of Lübeck . In connection with this sale, it was recognized as a Lübsches Gut, which was confirmed again in 1318. After the von Alen, the most difficult ownership conditions followed due to multiple partitions and joint ownership of the patrician families Crispin, von Wickede , von Calven and von Brömbsen. In 1679 the von Wickede family inherited Groß Steinrade. When the dean Johann von Wickede died in 1732, the Wickede estate passed to his son-in-law Henning von Rumohr. This family remained in possession of the estate until the death of the last Rumohr, General Detlev von Rumohr († 1961). The house and farm were demolished after his death. The approximately 150 hectare forest property came into the ownership of the Federal Republic of Germany with a purchase agreement dated January 11, 1966 and is still used by the German Armed Forces as a training site in the desert .
Kastorf
In 1377 the Lübeck citizen Arnd Starcke bought with consensus Erich, III. Duke of Saxony-Lauenburg, the village of Kastorf for 240 marks silver pfennig. In 1432, the mayor of Lübeck, Tidemann von Steen, owned Kastorf. Through inheritance and purchase, Kastorf came into the possession of other Lübeck councilors until finally in 1747 the widow of Gotthard Gottschalk von Wickede had to file for bankruptcy. In 1592 the widow Anna Kolthoff tried unsuccessfully to achieve Holstein obedience. In 1747 the reunion with the Duchy of Lauenburg takes place and with it the end of the rule of Lübschen. But it was not until 1770 that Kastorf was accepted into the knights and landscape of the duchy.
Curved mass
In 1380 the farm and other parts of the village of Krummesse came into the possession of the von Crispin family from Lübeck. Gut Krummesse (the village largely remains Lauenburgish to this day) also came into the hands of various Lübeck council families through marriage and inheritance. Finally, in 1757, Andreas Albrecht von Brömbsen died unmarried and the city of Lübeck bought the estate.
Mori
Mori is a former lovely good. Was mentioned in 1333 as the Meierhof of the Stockelsdorf estate. Initially as Neuhof (Nyger Hof); in 1410 as to der murryen (morrien). The owner was Bertram Vorrad - later his cousin Tiedemann Vorrad. When he died in 1385 without an heir, the farm had to be sold. After many changes of ownership, Mori came into the possession of the Plessings around 1900, who made the old mansion habitable again. The estate was dissolved in 1934 and came into the possession of the state of Schleswig-Holstein. Mori has been used as a senior citizens' home since the 1950s (Morierhof). A multi-generational housing project is currently developing. The mansion was entered in the Hanseatic City of Lübeck's monument book as a cultural asset of particular importance (2013). It contains a roof truss from 1637 and ceiling paintings from the 17th century. The owner of the manor house - Cornelius Back, Lübeck - is developing the building for shared apartments for people who need help in everyday life. The property with the manor house is now (after the regional reform of 1970) a few meters outside the Stockelsdorf municipality boundary and belongs to the Groß Steinrade district of Lübeck.
Gut Mori, drawing from 1869
Niendorf with Reecke
Gut Niendorf, located in Lübeck-Moisling , reached its peak together with Reecke and Moorgarten as Gut Weissenrode under Friedrich Adolph von Heintze . The Brandenmühle used to be part of the estate .
Rondeshagen
The Lübeck councilor and mayor Johann Lange buys Rondeshagen in 1404 for 300 marks Lübsch. Via the Lübeck council families Darsow and Wickede, Rondeshagen finally got through marriage in 1527 to the von Tode family, who remained here until 1788. In 1747 the reunion with the Duchy of Lauenburg takes place and with it the end of the rule of Lübschen. But it was not until 1770 that Rondeshagen was accepted into the knights and landscape of the duchy.
Stockelsdorf
In a document dated February 25, 1320 (issued in Hamburg), three Holstein counts, namely Count Adolph VII and his cousins, Count Gerhard III. (the great) and Johann III. (der Milde) , the sale of the villam stochelstorpe from the knight Burchard von Otteshude ( Borchardus de Otteshudhe ) to the Lübeck citizen Emelrich Pape ( Emelrico dicto Papen ). As early as 1333, the future mayor of Lübeck, Bertram Vorrade, acquired Stockelsdorf . Other nobles from Lübeck later came into the possession of the estate ( v.Brömbsen, v.Höveln, v.Calven, v.Dame ) in 1925 the estate was dissolved by the widow of the last owner ( Major Lembcke ).
The manor house Stockelsdorf is the manor house of the former Stockelsdorf estate , built in 1761 .
The Stockelsdorf mansion
Sandstone element with coat of arms above the portal
Westerau with Wulmenau and Trenthorst
Westerau
The history of the village of Westerau is closely linked to the city of Lübeck. In 1461 two Lübeck merchants, Andreas Geverdes and Gerd von Lenten, bought the village. They bequeathed the village to a foundation to commemorate them and support those in need. Since the Reformation this foundation has been administered by the city of Lübeck together with the corporation of clothing tailors, and since the middle of the 19th century together with the Lübeck merchants ; the village thus became one of the city monastery villages . Even today, several hectares of forest belong to this Westerau foundation . The manor districts of the Lübschen estates Trenthorst and Wulmenau were incorporated in 1928 after they had come from Lübeck to the Wesenberg district and thus to the Stormarn district in the 19th century.
Wulmenau
Wulmenau (formerly Wolwenowe) is 3 km south of Trenthorst on the Groß-Barnitz - Ahrensfelde road. Wulmenau is one of the so-called Lübschen goods. The farm was sold in 1300 by Marquard von Crumesse to the mayor of Lübeck, Segebodo Crispin . Around 1555, Wulmenau (together with the village of Ahrensfelde) was owned by the Lübeck councilor Franz von Stiten . He married the heiress of Trenthorst, Dorothea, the daughter of Gottschalck Lunte .
Trenthorst
Since then, Trenthorst, which was first documented in 1372 as a vicariate at St. Johann auf dem Sande and passed into private ownership in 1529, and Wulmenau were connected. In 1594 Gottschalk von Stiten placed them under the protection of the Lübeck Council. Since he died childless, his sister Margareta and her husband Joachim Wetken, the son of the Hamburg mayor Hermann Wetken , became the owners. Emperor Rudolf II confirmed ownership in 1608, and in 1660 Thomas Wetken was raised to the imperial nobility.
After several changes of ownership in the 18th century, Trenthorst was acquired by Henning von Rumohr in 1778 . Henning Heinrich von Rumohr, the older brother of Carl Friedrich von Rumohr, took over Trenthorst in 1804. Through the marriage of his daughter Friederike, Gustav Poel became the owner of Trenthorst. After further changes of ownership, Friedrich Bölck Trenthorst took over in 1928 . He temporarily made the mansion, which was renovated in 1911, available to Paul von Schoenaich and the German Peace Society , which had its headquarters there until it was banned by the National Socialists and held its last general meeting in 1932. Bölck had to sell and Trenthorst was acquired by Philipp F. Reemtsma in 1936 . Subsequently, the large land holdings were divided and essentially sold.
In 1955 the Max Planck Institute for Animal Breeding and Nutrition took over the business; Today the Institute for Organic Agriculture is housed here, since January 1, 2008 one of the fifteen institutes of the Johann Heinrich von Thünen Institute .
literature
- Antjekathrin Graßmann (Ed.): Lübeck-Lexikon. Schmidt-Römhild , Lübeck 2006. ISBN 3-7950-7777-X .
- Wilhelm Jensen: Trenthorst. On the history of the Lübschen goods. Neumünster: Karl Wachholtz Verlag 1956.
- Hubertus Neuschäffer: manor houses and mansions in and around Lübeck. Karl Wachholtz Verlag, Neumünster 1988. ISBN 3-529-02691-3 .
- Hubertus Neuschäffer: Schleswig-Holstein's castles and mansions. Husum 1989. ISBN 3-88042-462-4 .
- Wolfgang Prange: The beginnings of the great agricultural reforms in Schleswig-Holstein up to around 1771. Neumünster 1971.
- Carl Friedrich Wehrmann : The Lübeck estates. In: ZVLGA 7, Heft 2 (1895), pp. 151-236.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ After Carl Friedrich Wehrmann: Das Lübeckische Patriziat , in: ZVLGA 5, p. 355
- ↑ Catalogus Argumentorum, Iunctis documentis verificatoriis, Why the Dörffer / Stockelsdorff / Steinrade / Meußling and Morje / belonging to the Lübeck authority / and the city of Lübeck / in its noticeable age-old possession, consequent, the same goods as their possessors, EE Rahts ordinances in policey matters and the general bourgeois concordatis ... must be and remain subject to. Lübeck: Jäger 1668, see Jensen (Lit.), pp. 20–22
- ↑ Hubertus Neuschäffer: Manor houses and mansions in and around Lübeck , p. 76 ff.
- ^ Hubertus Neuschäffer: Manor houses and mansions in and around Lübeck , p. <…>
- ↑ Hubertus Neuschäffer: Manor houses and mansions in and around Lübeck , p. 99 ff.
- ↑ https://gut-mori.de/ueber-gut-mori-ev/
- ↑ Hubertus Neuschäffer: Manor houses and mansions in and around Lübeck , p. 205 ff.
- ↑ Hubertus Neuschäffer: Manor houses and mansions in and around Lübeck , p. 231 ff.
- ^ Hubertus Neuschäffer: Manor houses and mansions in and around Lübeck , p. <…>
- ^ Karl Soll: The history of the foundation village of Westerau. Lübeck 1915; Gerhard Schneider: The Westerauer Foundation. In: Der Wagen 1966, pp. 94–98
- ^ The noble estates of Trenthorst and Wulmenau , Stormarn district (last accessed May 2, 2009)
- ^ Website of the Institute for Organic Agriculture ( Memento from March 29, 2009 in the Internet Archive )