Nile barb

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Nile barb
Drawing from The fishes of the Nile by George Albert Boulenger

Drawing from The fishes of the Nile by George Albert Boulenger

Systematics
without rank: Otophysa
Order : Carp-like (Cypriniformes)
Subordination : Carp fish-like (Cyprinoidei)
Family : Carp fish (Cyprinidae)
Genre : Labeobarbus
Type : Nile barb
Scientific name
Labeobarbus bynni
( Forsskål , 1775)

The Nile barbel ( Labeobarbus bynni , Syn . : Barbus bynni ) is a carp fish native to Africa . It has the following local names: Binni, Arite, Dango, Kisinya or Momwara.

Subspecies

The following subspecies of the Nile barb are known:

  • Labeobarbus bynni bynni (Forsskål, 1775) is the largest and most widespread subspecies.
  • Labeobarbus bynni waldroni (Norman, 1935) occurs in West Africa in the Ivory Coast and Ghana . It occurs in the Volta River and the neighboring rivers Sassandra , Bandama , Niouniourou , Comoé and Tano . The fish are up to 30 centimeters long and live benthopelagic. Their fins formula is Dorsale 13-14, Anal 8. A striking feature of this subspecies are the strongly developed lips with the visible chin flap. The lips may be hypertrophied (rubbery lips). The color ranges from a yellowish green to golden brown on the sides up to partially red-violet colored dorsal fin. The subspecies is currently not considered endangered.
  • Labeobarbus bynni rudolfianus (Worthington, 1932) occurs endemically in Lake Rudolf in Kenya.

distribution

The Nile barb is widespread in tropical Africa between the latitudes 32 ° N – 3 ° N. Barbus bynni occurs mainly in the catchment area of ​​the Nile in Egypt , Ethiopia , Kenya and Sudan . It occurs in flowing water as well as in lakes such. B. Lake Albert , Lake Turkana and reservoirs such as the Nasser Reservoir / Lake Nubia, which are connected to the Nile. Also in the Wadi El Rayan Lakes and the Nozha Hydrodrome.

description

The Nile barb is up to 82 centimeters long. The heaviest fish caught so far with a line weighed six kilograms with a body length of 70 centimeters and was caught at the Murchison Falls in Uganda . The body color is usually golden yellow or slightly orange and a little darker on the back.

Way of life

The maximum lifespan of the species ranges from four to eight years. In captivity even up to 16.3 years. The Nile barb lives benthopelagic and feeds on small crustaceans, mollusks, insects and organic breakdown products. In the Jebel Aulia Reservoir, the spawning season begins with the onset of the flood in July. The ripening of the gonads begins in May, when the water temperature reaches its annual maximum. One female can produce up to 1.5 million eggs.

Relationship with people

In Egypt at the time of the pharaohs, the Nile barb was worshiped as a sacred animal of the goddess Mehit .

Economical meaning

Although the nile mullet is classified as an economically insignificant food fish, catches have steadily declined for a while. While 887 tons were caught in Egypt in 1998, it was only 58 tons in 1999 and 15 tons in 2000. In 2004 the catch rose again to 860 tons.

Endangerment status

Possible anthropogenic disturbances include dam construction, water pollution from agricultural, industrial and municipal sewage, groundwater extraction and droughts. The species is currently not considered endangered.

literature

  • AHS Mraja: The Biology of Barbus bynni (Forsk.) In Lake Turkana , in Lake Turkana (ed.), ODA London, Vol. 3, 1982, pp. 817-827

Web links

Notes and individual references

  1. ^ IUCN List Barbus bynni occidentalis
  2. ↑ https://apiv3.iucnredlist.org/api/v3/taxonredirect/183098 IUCN List Barbus bynni waldroni
  3. ↑ Fishbase: Barbus bynni waldroni
  4. ↑ Barbus bynni rudolfianus ( Memento from February 10, 2013 in the web archive archive.today )
  5. ↑ a b c d e Nilbarbe on Fishbase.org (English)
  6. ↑ a b c https://apiv3.iucnredlist.org/api/v3/taxonredirect/181643
  7. ↑ Fishing Worldrecords Barbus bynni ( Memento of the original from February 5, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.fishing-worldrecords.com
  8. ↑ Barbus Bynni Occidentalis  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.searchfish.org  
  9. ↑ Genomics Senescence Info: Barbus bynni
  10. ↑ Breeding of Barbus bynni (Pisces, Cyprinidae) in Jebel Aulia Reservoir, Sudan, Hydrobiologia, 1984
  11. ↑ Wolfgang Helck , Eberhard Otto and Wolfhart Westendorf: Lexicon of Egyptology : BD II, Otto von Harrassowitz Verlag, Wiesbaden 1977, ISBN 3-447-01876-3 , p. 232