Nesterenko, who starts for SC Ukraina from Kharkiv , made his first international appearance at the 1996 Junior World Championships in Asiago . There she achieved 74th place over 5 km classic and 51st place over 15 km freestyle. At the Nordic World Ski Championships in 1999 in Ramsau am Dachstein , she achieved 39th place over 15 km freestyle and 36th place over 30 km classic. She ran her first World Cup race in Moscow in January 2000 , which she finished in 51st place over 15 km freestyle. The following year she came in 19th place over 5 km classic and 18th place over 5 km freestyle at the Winter Universiade 2001 in Zakopane and 53rd place over 10 km classic and at the Nordic World Ski Championships in Lahti 48th place in the sprint. At the Rollerski World Championships in Monte Cervino in 2002 , she won the gold medal in the relay and in the team competition. In January 2003 she took 48th place in the sprint at the 2003 Winter Universiade in Tarvisio , 33rd place over 5 km classic and 25th place in 15 km mass start race. At the Nordic World Ski Championships in Oberstdorf in 2005 , she won 45th place in the skiathlon and 10 km freestyle and 43rd place in the 30 km mass start race. In the summer of 2005 she won the bronze medal in the pursuit race over 25 km freestyle at the Rollerski World Championships . In the 2005/06 season she started in the Marathon Cup . She reached three top ten positions and at the end of the season she was ninth in the overall ranking. In March 2006 she won the Balkan Cup in Bursa over 5 km classic and over 10 km free style. She also won the Balkan Cup races in Bursa in 2007 and 2008. Her best results at the Nordic World Ski Championships 2007 in Sapporo were 12th place in the relay and seventh place in the 30 km mass start race. At the Rollerski World Championships 2007 in Oroslavje she won the silver medal over 6 km classic and in the subsequent pursuit.
In the 2007/08 season Nesterenko came in 33rd place in the 2007/08 Tour de Ski . She got her first World Cup points with the 30th place in the 10 km mass start race and in the final stage with the 19th fastest time in the Fiemme Valley . The Tour de Ski 2008/09 she finished in 35th place. In January 2009 she won the Eastern Europe Cup in Kharkiv over 7.5 km classic. Her best results at the Nordic World Ski Championships 2009 in Liberec were 33rd place over 10 km classic and 11th place with the relay. At the Rollerski World Championships in Piglio in 2009 she won the bronze medal with the relay and the gold medal in the classic mountain run over 5 km. She also finished fifth in the 15 km mass start race. After 36th place in the Tour de Ski 2009/10 , she finished 56th in the 10 km freestyle and 43rd place in the 30 km mass start race in Vancouver in her only Olympic participation . In the 2010/11 season she came 52nd at the Nordic Opening in Kuusamo and 31st place at the 2010/11 Tour de Ski . In the final stage in Val di Fiemme , she achieved her best individual result in the World Cup with 14th place. Her best placings at the season highlight, the Nordic World Ski Championships 2011 in Oslo, were 24th place in the 30 km mass start race and 12th place with the relay.
After a four-year break in cross-country skiing, Nesterenko started at the Rollerski World Championships in Fiemme Valley in September 2015 . There she was ninth in the 19 km mass start race and eighth in the mountain run over 10 km classic. In the 2016/17 season she finished in the top ten three times in the Eastern Europe Cup in Syanki , including third place over 10 km freestyle and thus reached 27th place in the overall standings. At the Nordic World Ski Championships in Lahti in 2017 , she finished 60th over 10 km classic and 39th in the 30 km mass start race.