Goldgrass

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Goldgrass
Golden grass (Lamarckia aurea)

Golden grass ( Lamarckia aurea )

Systematics
Commelinids
Order : Sweet grass (Poales)
Family : Sweet grasses (Poaceae)
Subfamily : Pooideae
Genre : Lamarckia
Type : Goldgrass
Scientific name of the  genus
Lamarckia
Monk
Scientific name of the  species
Lamarckia aurea
( L. ) Moench

The golden grass ( Lamarckia aurea ) is the only species of the monotypic plant genus Lamarckia within the sweet grass family (Poaceae).

description

Illustration from Manual of the grasses of the United States , p. 187
inflorescence

Vegetative characteristics

The goldgrass is an annual herbaceous plant that grows in small, dense "clusters". Its stalks are ascending and reach a stature height of 5 to 25, rarely up to 40 centimeters.

The alternate arranged on the stalk leaves are divided into leaf sheath and blade. The leaves are flat and soft, pale green and 2–8 millimeters wide. The uppermost leaf sheath is slightly inflated. The ligule is a 5 to 10 millimeter long, pointed, membranous border. The simple, flat leaf blade is 2 to 6 millimeters wide.

Generative characteristics

The panicle inflorescence is elongated at a length of 4 to 8 centimeters and a width of up to 2.5 centimeters, is dense, contracted and usually one-sided; its appearance is somewhat like a "cylinder cleaning brush". The spikelets are arranged in stalked, sloping groups. Within a group there are three sterile and unfruitful spikelets, which stand next to two small awned ones. One of the two aurled spikelets is sterile, the other fertile. The unfurled spikelets are 6 to 7 millimeters long and consist of two glumes and six to twelve narrow, rounded, tender-skinned, short-haired lemmas. The fertile spikelets are about 4 millimeters long, single-flowered, with a severely stunted, awned lemma . Their glumes are narrow and long, pointed and protrude above the spikelet. Between them and the floret there is an approximately 0.6 millimeter long link of the spikelet axis. The lemma is five-nerved, bidentate at the top and awned 6 to 8 millimeters long between the teeth.

The flowering period extends from February to July.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 14.

Occurrence

The goldgrass is from the Mediterranean : Greece (including Crete ), Italy (including Sardinia , Sicily ), France (including Corsica ), Portugal , Spain (including the Balearic Islands ) Algeria , Egypt , Libya , Morocco , Tunisia , Cyprus , Sinai , Israel , Jordan , Lebanon , Syria , Turkey to Ethiopia and occurs in Macaronesia on Madeira and the Canary Islands, maybe also in northern India. It grows in open ruderal places , on roadsides, on wasteland, on walls.

Taxonomy

The first release took place in 1753 under the name Cynosurus aureus ( Basionym ) by Carl Linnaeus in Species Plantarum , page 73. Conrad Moench introduced in 1794 with this type under the name Lamarckia aurea (L.) Moench own genus Lamarckia Moench in Methodus , page 201 The generic name Lamarckia honors the biologist Jean-Baptiste de Lamarck . The specific epithet aurea means "golden yellow". Other synonyms for Lamarckia aurea (L.) Moench are: Chrysurus aureus (L.) Besser , Achyrodes aureum (L.) Kuntze , Pterium elegans Desv. Handle , Lamarckia hookeriana . Synonyms for Lamarckia Moench nom. cons. are: Tinaea Garzia nom. superfl., Achyrodes Ludw. nom. rej ., Chrysurus Pers. , Pterium Desv.

Lamarckia aurea is the only species of the plant genus Lamarckia of the subtribe Dactylidinae from the tribe Poeae in the subfamily Pooideae within the family Poaceae .

use

The golden grass is rarely used as an ornamental plant.

swell

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Peter Schönfelder , Ingrid Schönfelder: The new cosmos Mediterranean flora. Franckh Kosmos Verlag Stuttgart 2008. ISBN 978-3-440-10742-3 . P. 406.
  2. ↑ a b c Thomas Gaskell Tutin : Lamarckia Moench. , P. 172. In: Thomas Gaskell Tutin et al .: Flora Europaea . Volume 5, Cambridge University Press 1980, ISBN 0-521-20108-X . limited preview in Google Book search
  3. ↑ Lamarckia aurea at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
  4. ^ A b Lamarckia aurea in Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved June 9, 2020.
  5. ↑ a b c Rafaël Govaerts, 2011: World checklist of selected plant families published update. Facilitated by the Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Lamarckia aurea. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved June 9, 2020.
  6. ↑ Lamarckia aurea at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed June 9, 2020.
  7. ↑ Lotte Burkhardt: Directory of eponymous plant names - Extended Edition. Part I and II. Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin , Free University Berlin , Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-946292-26-5 . doi: 10.3372 / epolist2018

Web links

Commons : Goldgrass ( Lamarckia aurea )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files