Lecanorchis

Lecanorchis
Lecanorchis japonica
Systematics
Monocots Order : Asparagales (Asparagales) Family : Orchids (orchidaceae) Subfamily : Vanilloideae Tribe : Vanilleae Genre : Lecanorchis
Scientific name
Lecanorchis
flower

Lecanorchis is a genus from the family of the orchid (Orchidaceae). It contains 23 types of herbaceous plants that are native to East and Southeast Asia.

description

The species of the genus Lecanorchis are terrestrial, herbaceous plants. They are leafless and feed on mykoheterotroph . There are numerous fleshy, horizontally spreading roots on a short, ascending rhizome underground . A thin, dark brown, occasionally branched shoot appears above ground. The leaves are reduced to small scales.

The loose, racemose inflorescence contains some brownish, yellowish or greenish, resupinated flowers . The ovary is thin, with a bowl-shaped, toothed, sepal-like widening (calyculus) at the tip, which can later be seen on the fruit. There is a separating tissue between the ovary and the petals. The sepals and petals are elongated-oval and not grown together. The lip is three-lobed or entire, at the base the edge is fused with the column to form a tube. The blade of the lip is hairy. The column is slender, with two side appendages at the front end. The stamen is two-chambered, the pollen is present as individual pollen grains (monads), which are loosely formed into two crumbly pollinia . The capsule fruit contains numerous seeds that have two characteristic, thread-shaped appendages up to 0.9 millimeters long. The dead stems of Lecanorchis plants remain upright for up to a year after flowering.

distribution

Lecanorchis is widespread from Japan and Korea in the north via China, back India , the Philippines, the Indonesian islands to New Guinea. The plants grow in the leaf litter of evergreen forests. They colonize altitudes of up to 1500 meters.

Systematics and botanical history

Lecanorchis is classified within the subfamily Vanilloideae in the tribe Vanilleae . According to genetic studies, Lecanorchis is probably the sister taxon of the genus Vanilla ( Vanilla ), possibly also closely related to Epistephium . Since the plants do not produce leaf green, the DNA of the chloroplasts , which is often used for studies, cannot be used to investigate relationships.

Lecanorchis was first described by Carl Ludwig Blume in 1856 . The name Lecanorchis comes from the Greek λεκάνη lecane "pot" and refers to the bowl-shaped end of the ovary . Type species is Lecanorchis javanica .

Lecanorchis japonica

Illustration of Lecanorchis javanica

The following species belong to the genus Lecanorchis :

• Lecanorchis betongensis Suddee & HAPedersen : The species first described in 2011 occurs in Thailand.
• Lecanorchis bicarinata Schltr. : It occurs in New Guinea.
• Lecanorchis bihuensis T.P.Lin & Shu H.Wu : The species first described in 2012 occurs in Taiwan.
• Lecanorchis cerina Fukuy. : It occurs in Taiwan.
• Lecanorchis japonica flower : It is found in southeastern China, southern Korea, and central and southern Japan.
• Lecanorchis javanica flower (Syn .: Lecanorchis seidenfadenii Szlach. & Mytnik ): It occurs from Thailand to Malaysia and in western Java .
• Lecanorchis kiusiana Tuyama : It occurs in southern Koea and southern Japan.
• Lecanorchis latens T.P.Lin & WMLin : The species first described in 2011 occurs in Taiwan.
• Lecanorchis malaccensis Ridl. (Syn .: Lecanorchis betung-kerihunensis Tsukaya & H.Okada ): It occurs from Indochina to western Malesia.
• Lecanorchis moritae Suetsugu & TCHsu : The species first described in 2019 occurs on the Nansei Islands.
• Lecanorchis multiflora J.J.Sm. (Syn .: Lecanorchis brachycarpa Ohwi , Lecanorchis flavicans Fukuy. , Lecanorchis subpelorica T.C.Hsu & SWChung ): It occurs in three varieties from Thailand to western Malesia, southern Yunnan and from the Nansei Islands to the Philippines.
• Lecanorchis neglecta Schltr. : It occurs in New Guinea.
• Lecanorchis nigricans Honda : It occurs in three varieties from Japan to Taiwan, in northern Fujian and from southeastern Thailand to Vietnam.
• Lecanorchis ohwii Masam. : It occurs in Taiwan.
• Lecanorchis purpurea Masam. (Syn .: Lecanorchis trachycaula Ohwi ): It occurs from central and southern Japan to Taiwan.
• Lecanorchis sarawakensis Suetsugu & Naiki : The species first described in 2018 occurs in Sarawak .
• Lecanorchis sikkimensis N.Pearce & PJCribb : It occurs from Sikkim to Bhutan .
• Lecanorchis suginoana (Tuyama) Seriz. : It occurs in Taiwan and on Honshu .
• Lecanorchis tabugawaensis Suetsugu & Fukunaga : The species first described in 2016 occurs in Japan from Yakushima to the Nansei Islands.
• Lecanorchis taiwaniana S.S.Ying (Syn .: Lecanorchis amethystea Y.Sawa, Fukunaga & S.Sawa ): It occurs in Assam, in northern Laos and from southern Japan to northern Taiwan.
• Lecanorchis thalassica T.P.Lin : It occurs in two varieties in central Taiwan and in Laos.
• Lecanorchis triloba J.J.Sm. (Syn .: Lecanorchis ciliolata J.J.Sm. ): It occurs from New Guinea to the Bismarck Archipelago.
• Lecanorchis vietnamica Aver. : The species first described in 2005 occurs from Japan to Taiwan and in Vietnam.
• Lecanorchis virella T. Hashim . : It occurs in Japan, the Nansei Islands and northern Taiwan.

Individual evidence

1. ^ ^{A b} Jim B. Comber: Orchids of Java . Bentham-Moxon Trust, Kew 1990, ISBN 0-947643-21-4 , pp. 76 .
2. ↑ ^{a b c d e} Alec M. Pridgeon, Phillip Cribb, Mark W. Chase, Finn Rasmussen (eds.): Genera Orchidacearum. Orchidoideae (Part 2). Vanilloideae . tape 3/2 . Oxford University Press, New York and Oxford 2003, ISBN 0-19-850711-9 , pp. 316-318 .
3. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z} Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Lecanorchis. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved April 2, 2020.
4. ↑ In: Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. Vol. 2, 1856, p. 188.

Web links

Commons : Lecanorchis  - album with pictures, videos and audio files