Loin place

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Graz, Lendplatz, before the avenue trees were planted in 1878 
Graz, Lendplatz, southern part, 1906

The Lendplatz is a planned , sack-shaped stretched square, probably completed around 1700 in the Lend district of the city of Graz . It is divided into two halves by Keplerstrasse. The headquarters of the Graz professional fire brigade is located on Lendplatz, as well as a police station and a Mercure hotel.

Surname

The term “Lend” comes from “Anlenden”, the mooring of the ships that sailed on the Mur . Because of its strongly fluctuating level , the Mur could hardly be used to operate mills . Therefore mills and other commercial and industrial operations were built on smaller watercourses that flowed through the Graz basin or on artificially created canals .

History

Since the 16th and especially since the 17th century, the progressive bank protection made possible a considerable enlargement of the Murvorstadt (districts Lend and Gries ). Since the second half of the 16th century, the entire Mariahilferstrasse was built up to the confluence with Stockergasse. At that time, the Bürgerspital began to sell its extensive grounds, as it generated richer income than would have been possible through self-management. With the construction that began, the basis for the development of the Lendplatz (as well as the Griesplatz ) was given. In terms of its shape, Lendplatz presents itself as the sack-like extension between Mariahilferstrasse and Wiener Strasse and reveals the planned development by the Graz citizen hospital. According to Fritz Popelka , Lendplatz is a normal village street square in terms of its shape and shape, the size of which was determined by the livestock markets held here. Its axis forms an angle of approx. 120 degrees to Mariahilferstrasse. This inclined direction was caused by a Mur arm that was still there in the middle of the 17th century. The eastern row of houses was added to this arm. By 1700, the construction of the Lendplatz had progressed so far that it was already occupied with houses on all sides.

The Lendplatz was a settlement zone for craftsmen and small businesses. In the beginning it was considered to be the place of residence of the lowest and poorest social classes. The most notorious part was the "upper loin" from Mariahilferstrasse to Kalvarienberg. In 1655 there were “rabble ranks ” with escaped Jesuits and scholars , and it did not seem advisable to even “go to the Perg Calvario every day”. Near the Lendplatz, the Sigmundstadl was one of the poorest city quarters, a poor colony with poor chaste . At a draft in 1679, 323 beggars were registered in this area. The number of neglected children was large, and it was not uncommon for them to form gangs. Even prostitutes and hoodlums took shelter here.

In the 17th and 18th centuries, epidemics such as plague and dysentery were rampant there because of the poor conditions . In 1680 around 4,000 people fell ill with the plague in Graz, three quarters of whom died (the city then had around 15,000 inhabitants). The epidemic only subsided in December and was declared extinct at the end of January 1681. The need brought many vows, and as a result of one of these, after the plague subsided, the plague column arose on Lendplatz. The baroque plague column, dated 1680, was moved to its current location in the southern area of ​​Lendplatz in 1845 as a result of a road expansion. The monument crowning Maria and Child is attributed to the Eggenberg court sculptor Andreas Marx (around 1640–1701).

Due to the convenient location directly on the north-south connection, many accommodation providers have settled at Lendplatz .

Graz, Lendplatz, “First Electric” ( line 3 ), June 24, 1899

After the professional fire brigade's depot on Mariahilferplatz had become too small, in 1877 the city of Graz had the opportunity to buy houses 15, 16 and 17 for it. The Zentralwache has been at this location since then. The current building dates from 1970–1983 with extensions in 1991 and 1998.

The Lendplatz was (and is) a suitable market place due to its spaciousness. The cattle markets were held here. The market regulation of 1791 mentions the charcoal market , where locksmiths , blacksmiths and plumbers , for example , met their needs. At that time it was not only brought to market on the wagon, but also sold off the wagon. This was true not only for wood, charcoal and cabbage , but also for fruit and especially for cabbage . According to the official report of 1877, the cabbage wagons stood on the east side of the square in autumn on Wednesday and Saturday, often up to 200 in number. In 1861 the annual fairs, which had been held on the main square until then, were relocated to Lendplatz. After 1886 the “scrap markets” followed, which remained here until 1922.

From 1934 to 1943 bus line 4 ran between Lendplatz and Thalersee. Today (2010) Lendplatz is served by the bus routes 40, 58, 63 and 67 of the Grazer Verkehrsbetriebe , between which there are transfer options.

A farmers' market has been located here since 1945 and was redesigned in 1999. A market hall has been modernized, this and a number of newly built stalls are predominantly catering-oriented and have outdoor dining areas in the warmer seasons.

While the two thirds in the north and the middle of the square are severely cut up by cars and buses on and between Kepler, Volksgarten and Wienerstrasse, the southern third is quieter. Surrounded by narrower lanes, the inner paved rectangle carries the market hall, fixed gastro stalls with temporary seating gardens, at times the table stalls of the farmers' market, a memorial - a stone statue and some trees. At the edge of this rectangle there are some car parking spaces and a taxi stand at road level, and another temporarily from 7 p.m.

About 1/6 in the south-east of this rectangle is set up as a car parking area, temporarily chargeable short-term parking zone as is customary in the city. In the northern quarter of the rectangle it has become common practice that when the market vendors have left with their vehicles, private cars were parked here. Actually illegal, but tolerated by the police, even if at times the cars are so close that foot traffic is uncomfortable. In May / June 2015 the municipal council made the market square a pedestrian zone in order to push back the previously tolerated car parking. After the following political dispute, in which the Chamber of Commerce advocated allowing car parking, this view prevailed shortly thereafter.

In 2015, the 10 to 15 m wide open space on the east side of the square was decreed as a pedestrian zone for cyclists without exception, although there - apart from the up to 4-lane one-way lane - bicycle traffic has been flowing in two directions for years. Radlobby Argus Steiermark complained on May 10, 2015 that cyclists were not considered. Since the Correction Ordinance, which also disregards bicycle traffic, vehicles have been allowed to drive to the adjacent houses. The grocery store, hotel and paper shop are accessible from Neubaugasse with loading ramps on the eastern rear of the buildings and access to the privately operated underground car park.

For the Lendwirbel street festival , however, the market square is used car-free.

literature

  • Horst Schweigert: Graz. For the 850th anniversary of the city . Dehio manual. Schroll, Vienna 1979, ISBN 3-7031-0475-9 .
  • Gerhard Michael Dienes, Johanna Flitsch (Red.): The Lendplatz. History and everyday life . Verlag Grazer Stadtmuseum, Graz 1995, ISBN 3-9007-6418-2 .
  • Herbert Knittler: Urban expansion and suburbs in small and medium-sized cities using the example of Austrian countries . In: Helmut Bräuer (Hrsg.), Elke Schlenkrich (Hrsg.), Karl Czok : The city as a communication space. Contributions to the history of the city from the Middle Ages to the 20th century. Festschrift for Karl Czok on his 75th birthday . Leipziger Universitätsverlag, Leipzig 2001, ISBN 3-934565-72-7 , pp. 535-566.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Schweigert: Graz , p. 168.
  2. ^ Institute for Spatial Design at TU Graz : City History (word document, 31 kB; accessed on February 28, 2010)
  3. ^ Dienes: Der Lendplatz , p. 5 f.
  4. ^ Fritz Popelka: History of the City of Graz . Two volumes. Leuschner & Lubensky, Graz 1928/35, OBV .
  5. ^ Dienes: Der Lendplatz , p. 6.
  6. ↑ Dienes: Der Lendplatz , p. 8.
  7. ^ Dienes: Der Lendplatz , p. 7.
  8. ^ Dienes: Der Lendplatz , p. 18.
  9. ↑ Schweigert: Graz , p. 175.
  10. ↑ Festschrift "160 Years of the Professional Fire Brigade" - building
  11. ↑ E (dith) Salburg :  The Graz shreds market. In:  Grazer Volksblatt , supplement, No. 57/1891 (XXIV. Volume), March 11, 1891, p. 5 (unpaginated). (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / gre.
  12. ^ Dienes: Der Lendplatz , p. 14.
  13. ↑ Tramway Museum Graz: Busverkehr 1928–1945 ( Memento of the original from May 28, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (accessed on February 28, 2010) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.tramway-museum-graz.at
  14. ↑ Graz AG Verkehrsbetriebe: Stop plan for line 40 ( Memento of the original from March 17, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (accessed on March 1, 2010) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.gvb.at
  15. ↑ City of Graz: Lendplatz farmers' market ( Memento of the original from April 2, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (accessed on February 28, 2010) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.oekostadt.graz.at
  16. ↑ Archived copy ( memento of the original from April 16, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Gerald Winter-Pölsner: Pedestrian zone on Lendplatz: Chamber of Commerce against ÖVP; Comment: In advance. In: Kleine Zeitung, May 14, 2015, accessed on wko.at on April 16, 2016. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.wko.at
  17. ↑ http://graz.radln.net/cms/beitrag/11309943/25359482 Lendplatz: Open Fuzo for cyclists! In: Plus / Minus, Argus Steiermark - die Radlobby, May 10, 2015, accessed April 16, 2016.

Remarks

  1. ↑ Perhaps the oldest photo of the Lendplatz. - Dienes: Lendplatz , p. 49.
  2. ↑ Small traders without journeymen and servants predominated. Single households predominated, often led by bachelors who kept themselves afloat as servants of the nobility and as day laborers or who pursued lesser professions. The widows were numerous. This explains the small number of families, as the residents rarely married because of their low income. If there were marriages, the number of children was large. - Dienes: Der Lendplatz , p. 6.
  3. ↑ (...) whereby in this context the term "layer" is not to be understood as a precisely defined term in social science, but merely as a means of classification. The “classic” lower class, however, can be seen as those dependent and largely wealthy people without their own household. - Dienes: Der Lendplatz , p. 6.
  4. ↑ Between December 1, 1736 and January 8, 1737 alone, 37 soldiers died of the Ruhr in the suburbs. They were buried on the Lend, near today's Keplergymnasium. Most feared was the plague . In addition to the real bubonic plague and pulmonary plague , people certainly also referred to other epidemic diseases as plague, for example spotted fever or nerve fever , possibly also syphilis and flaking . - Dienes: Der Lendplatz , p. 16.
  5. ↑ Current restoration: 2010. - See: The Marian column in new splendor . Kleine Zeitung , October 16, 2010, archived from the original on October 15, 2014 . ;.

Web links

Coordinates: 47 ° 4 ′ 29.3 "  N , 15 ° 25 ′ 52.2"  E