Leonid Hlibov

ukrainian postage stamp

Monument to Leonid Hlibov in Sedniv

The grave of Leonid Hlibow in Chernihiv

Leonid Iwanowytsch Hlibow ( Ukrainian Леонід Іванович Глібов , scientific. Transliteration Leonid Ivanovyč Hlibov ; February * 21 ^{. Jul} / 5. March  1827 ^greg. In Wesselyj Podil , Poltava Governorate , Russian Empire ; † October 29 ^jul. / 10. November  1893 ^greg. in Chernihiv , Chernihiv Governorate , Russian Empire) was a Ukrainian writer , poet , publisher, fable writer, poet, dramaturge and publicist.

biography

Leonid Hlibow was born on March 5, 1827 in Wesselyj Podil. His father, Ivan Nazarowitsch Hlibow, worked for the noble Rodzjanko family at the court. He received elementary education at home from his mother, Irina Gavrilovna Troschtschinska, a close relative of Nikolai Gogol . His godfather was Porfirij Rodzjanko , who was also his teacher and taught him reading and writing. The priest Jakow Sabolozkij taught him mathematics, Greek and Latin. In his Greek lessons he got to know the fables of Aesop, which inspired him. Another impetus for poetry was the work Kobsar by Taras Shevchenko . In August 1840 he went to the Poltawer Gymnasium. There he began to write poetry at the age of 13 and at the age of 20 his first anthology of poetry was published. From 1849 to 1855 he went to the Lyceum in Nischyn , whose graduates included Nikolaj Gogol and Jewhen Hrebinka . It was there that he first came into contact with Ukrainian literature . After graduating from high school, Hlibow taught geography and history in Chornyj Ostriv in Podolia until 1858 . From 1858 he taught geography at the boys' grammar school in Chernihiv. There he developed his literary activities as a poet, fable and prose writer, columnist, folklorist and dramaturge. The city's intelligentsia is grouped around his family. In 1861 he became the publisher and editor of the newspaper Černigovskij listok, but this newspaper was banned in 1863 due to anti-government agitation. Because of this, as well as the connection with I. Andruushchenko, a member of the underground organization Zemlja i volja, his teaching rights were withdrawn and he was placed under surveillance by the police, which lasted until May 25, 1858. He lived in Nizhyn for two years and in 1865 returned to Chernihiv, where he worked for a time as an official in the governor's office. From 1867 on he was head of the national typography, worked on his collection of fables, published books, printed features , journalistic articles and poetry in the Russian language as well as works for children, which he called "Deduschka Kenar '" (Russian) or "didus' kendyr" (Ukrainian) called. He was also elected director of the Chernihiv Theater. In the last three years of his life, Hlibov wrote more than before, especially in Ukrainian. Hlibow had a sick heart and suffered from asthma. Completely blind, he died on November 10, 1893 in Chernihiv, where he was also buried.

family

In 1852 Hlibow married Paraska, the daughter of Archpriest Fyodor Burdonos. The marriage resulted in their daughter Lida on July 23, 1853, who died on December 31, 1859. His wife died of breast cancer on November 4, 1867. In 1882 he married Paraskewa Wasilewna Baranowa, whose son Alexander he adopted and gave him his name. Their son Sergei was born in 1879 and died at the end of February 1882. During his student days, his father died of pneumonia in 1852 after breaking into the ice of the frozen Dnieper . A short time later, his mother also died. These successive events explain Hlibow's long study period.

Literary career

Hlibow was one of the initiators of children's literature. He wrote his first poem Son when he was 13 years old. This poem was noticed by his teacher, who was also the editor of the newspaper “Poltavskie gubernskie vedomosti” and had the poem printed there. Long poems followed, which were also printed in the newspaper mentioned. In 1847 his first anthology of poetry in Russian high-level language Stihotvorenija Leonida Glebova was published and from 1853 his fables were printed on the first pages of the newspaper "Tschernigowskie gubernskie vedomosti". Due to the forced move to the village of Chornyj Ostriw in Podolia, lonely, the happy fables gave way to sad poems and songs. During this time he wrote the famous poetry Žurba , for which Mykola Lyssenko composed the music of the folk song that is popular today. Following the death of his daughter in 1860, he wrote only one poem, Ziron'ka , which he dedicated to his deceased daughter. On July 12, 1861, the first edition of the newspaper Černigovskij listok came out, in which many of his feature sections appeared. When his friends Afanasij Markowitsch and Ilja Doroshenko built a theater in the summer of 1862 , the stage plays Do mirovogo and Hutorjanočka Hlibows were performed there. During this time his poems and fables were printed in the Petersburg magazine "Osnova". In 1863 his first anthology with a total of 36 fables was published, but this was destroyed because of the regulation “Waluewskij zirkuljar”. In 1872 the second anthology in Ukrainian came out, which sold out very quickly, which also made it popular. As a result, his articles, features and poems were also published on the pages of the Kievskij telegraf and in the Moscow newspaper Budil 'nik “were printed. On June 4, 1876, the "Kievskij telegraf" printed the beginning of his satirical cycle Černigovskij fel'eton Kapitana Bonvivan and two months later Hlibow gave the booklet Krasnyj motylёk. Pigmej - al'bomčik v stichach. Posvjaščaetsja vesel'čakam. Kapitana Bonvivan out . In 1882 his third anthology of fables was published. For the next six years none of his poems and fables were printed. It was not until 1889 that his Ukrainian fables appeared in the Lviv newspaper “Zorja” and in the children's magazine “Dzvinočok”. From 1890 he began to write poems for children ( Vesnjanka, Zimnja pisen'ka ). On October 29, 1893, due to his blindness, he dictated the last fable Ohon 'i Haj to his friend Aleksandr Tyschtschinsky.

In total, he wrote hundreds of fables. Ivan Franko described Hlibow, next to Yevhen Hrebinka , as the best Ukrainian fable writer. The subject of his fables was broad. They deal with the cruel treatment of farmers ( Vovk ta Jahnja , Vovk i Kit ) and bribery ( Lysycja i Chovrach , Ščuka ), they were moral and ethical ( Troježenec ' ) and counter-revolutionary ( Ohon' i Haj ). His earlier lyric poems ( Uznik , Melodyja ), like the lyrics, had a sad character.

Works

Fables

Ведмідь-пасічник - Vedmid'-pasičnyk

• Вовк та ягня - Vovk ta jahnja
• Жаба й Віл - Žaba j Vil
• Зозуля і півень - Zozylja i piven '
• Квіти - Kvity
• Лисиця-жалібниця - Lysycja- žalibnycja
• Мальований стовп - Mal'ovanyj ctovp
• Мірошник - Mirošnyk
• Муха й бджола - Mucha j bdžola
• Охрімова свита - Ochrimova svyta
• Синиця - Synycja
• Солом'яний дід - Solom'janyj did
• Щука - Ščuka
• Цуцик - Cucyk
• Шелестуни - Šelestuny

Poetry

• Журба - Žurba
• Пісня - Pisnya
• Конь - Kon '
• Встреча - Vstreča
• Соловей - Solovej

acrostic

• Кому привіт? - Komu pryvit?
• Хто баба? - Chto baba?
• Хто вона? - Chto vona?
• Хто вони? - Chto vony?
• Хто розмовляє? - Chto rozmovljaje?
• Хто сестра і брат - Chto sestra i brat
• Хто хвастає? - Chto chvastaje?
• Що за птиця? Ščo za ptycja?
• Щозашкварчить? - Ščo zaškvarčyt '?

mystery

• Раз уночi я в лiс ходив… - Raz unoči ja v lis chodyv…
• Мати донi молодiй… - Maty doni molodij…
• Мале, забавненьке воно… - Male, zabavnen'ke vono…
• Раз пiшов я на отаву… - Paz pišov ja na otavu…
• Котилася тарiлочка… - Kotylasja tariločka…
• Кучерява i вродлива… - Kučerjava…

Additional information

Hlibov was friends with the author of the Ukrainian anthem Shche ne wmerla Ukrajina Mychajlo Werbyzkyj .

He was engaged in medicine and collected folk recipes. People came to him to be healed by him.

literature

• В. Г. Дончинко: Історія української літератури ХХ століття. tape 1 : Перша половина ХХ століття . Lybid, Kiev 1998, ISBN 966-06-0024-0 , pp. 360 .
• В. Г. Дончинко: Історія української літератури ХХ століття. tape 2 : Друга половина ХХ століття . Lybid, Kiev 1998, ISBN 966-06-0026-7 , pp. 368 .
• В. Г. Бєляєв: История Украинского - русских литературных связей. In two volumes, Volume 2: Советский период. Наукова думка, Kiev 1987, p. 18.
• М. К. Наєнка: Українська лiтература: Посiбник для старшокласникiв i абiтурiєнтiв. Lybid, Kiev 1995, pp. 95-100.
• Б. М. Гурьєва: Л. Глiбов: Твори. Державне видавництво художньної лiтератури, Кiew 1962, pp. 3–27.

Web links

Wikisource: Leonid Hlibow  - Sources and full texts (Ukrainian)

Commons : Leonid Hlibow  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

• Entry on Hlibov, Leonid in the Encyclopedia of Ukraine (English)
• Entry on Leonid Hlibov in the Encyclopedia of the History of Ukraine (Ukrainian)
• CERL thesaurus
• Book illustrations from Leonid Hlibow's collection of fables
• Books by Leonid Hlibow

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Леонiд Глiбов, Твори , June 5, 2013.
2. ↑ ЕГО НАЗЫВАЛИ УКРАИНСКИМ ЭЗОПОМ ( Memento of the original from May 9, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , 6th June 2013. 
3. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i j} Сегодня, 5 марта день рождения Леонида Глебова. h.ua, June 6, 2013.
4. ↑ ^{a b} Глебов Леонид ( Memento of the original dated November 29, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , June 5, 2013. 
5. ↑ ^{a b} Глебов Леонид Иванович - Glebov Leonid Ivanovich , June 5, 2013.
6. ↑ ^{a b} Б. М. Гурьєва: Л. Глiбов: Твори. Державне видавництво художньної лiтератури, Кiew 1962, pp. 3–27.
7. ↑ Леонид Глибов не прощался с Тарасом Шевченко , June 3, 2013
8. ↑ ^{a b} САЙТ ВЕЛИКИХ: velikie.com.ua ( Memento of the original from November 29, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.