Leopoldstadt Children's Hospital

Former Leopoldstadt Children's Hospital

The Leopoldstädter Children's Hospital was a children's hospital in the 2nd district of Vienna Leopoldstadt in the Upper Augartenstraße 26 - 28 Built it was modeled after the St. Anna Children's Hospital and the St. Joseph Children's Hospital as a third children's hospital in Vienna .

history

From 1850, there was a desire to build a children's hospital in Leopoldstadt. Even then, Karl Ritter von Scherzer and Siegfried Kapper made the first donations to make it a reality.

The older part of the Leopoldstadt Children's Hospital was built between July 15, 1871 and October 31, 1872 according to plans by Karl Freiherr von Hasenauer . The opening took place on January 16, 1873. A donation from the Erste Österreichische Spar-Casse of 100,000 kroner on the occasion of its 50th anniversary was essential for the construction of the children's hospital, which cost around 140,000 kroner . The amount of the donation made by the Erste Österreichische Spar-Casse , however, differs: according to the statutes of 1870 it was 70,000 kroner, Balthasar Unterholzner writes 100,000 and according to Felix Czeike's "Historical Lexicon of the City of Vienna" it was 200,000 Crown. On this occasion, 30,000 crowns were donated to the Sankt Josef Children's Hospital.

In order to solve the space problems of the hospital, a one-storey neighboring house was acquired on January 29, 1886. The necessary loan of 18,000 guilders came again from the Erste Österreichische Spar-Casse, the borrower was the Leopoldstadt Children's Hospital Association under Johann Nepomuk Schüller.

Between September 1892 and September 1893, thanks to a dedication from Barbara Schwarzinger (200,000 crowns), an extension was built according to plans by Ludwig Tischler ; In 1874 the Schwarzingergasse was named after the benefactor. In memory of Ms. Schwarzinger's brother, the new building was named “Doctor Franz Zipfel Foundation”. The opening took place on March 8, 1894.

At that time, the hospital had around 117 beds and treated around 14,000 outpatient cases annually. The respective hospital doctor was responsible for looking after the sick children. In 1894 other doctors helped out free of charge in special cases, including Johann Eduard Hofmokl (surgeon), Otto Bergmeister (ophthalmologist), Josef Gruber (ear doctor), Johann Pichler (dentist) and Alexander Kolisko (prosector).

In 1896, 10,908 children received medical help at the Leopoldstadt Children's Hospital. This involved 9,367 outpatient cases, 487 vaccinations and 1,054 children were admitted to hospital care; in the first 25 years of its existence, a total of 19,133 hospital nurses, 12,650 vaccinees and 198,364 outpatient cases were cared for.

Due to the economic situation, the children's hospital previously run by the “Leopoldstädter Kinderspitalverein” was taken over on August 14, 1924, according to a municipal council resolution of July 29 of the same year, as was the Mautner Markhof children's hospital and the Karolinen children's hospital. In the course of a renovation of the building, the number of beds was increased to 137.

Via the Austrian headquarters of the British Red Cross in Klagenfurt , the British Red Cross, the Catholic Committee for Foreign Aid of the British Quakers , the Salvation Army and, for a short time, the aid organization “Friends Ambulance Units Austria” supplied nursing mothers and malnourished children in Vienna with food. Help was also given to the Leopoldstadt Children's Hospital , the Mautner Markhof Children's Hospital and the Gottfried von Preyer Children's Hospital .

Since the Leopoldstadt Children's Hospital was mostly under-occupied after the Second World War, it was closed in autumn 1951. The older part of the building was converted into an apprenticeship home for 140 apprentices for 820,000 shillings.

In 1986 the former Leopoldstadt Children's Hospital was made available to the medical self-help groups by the City of Vienna. Since 1998 the house, which accommodates around 26 groups of this kind, has been called the "Martha Frühwirt Center for Medical Self-Help Groups " . It was named after Martha Frühwirt , who founded the “Regional Association of Vienna for women to help themselves after cancer” in 1979 .

A well-known doctor in the house was Friedrich Dosch , who worked as a prosector here and at the Steinhof Hospital .

building

The former Leopoldstadt Children's Hospital is recorded as part of a protection zone anchored in the land use and development plan in the Vienna cultural property cadastre , which is intended to make " information about the city's essential identity features " available.

The plans for the older part of the building were drawn up by Karl Freiherr von Hasenauer free of charge. It measures 26.4 × 9.8 meters and has two wing wings in the form of irregular quadrangles that are arranged vertically on the longitudinal axis and protrude 9 to 11 meters towards Oberen Augartenstraße. The width of the wing wings is 8.4 meters, the total length 21.8 to 23.16 meters.

The built-up area is 751.7 square meters. The building, with a basement, has two floors with a ceiling height of around 4 meters, with balconies accessible from the hospital rooms on the south-west side.

In 1894 the Leopoldstadt Children's Hospital had an operating theater. It is not known whether anything changed in this number.

The Dehio describes the three-winged older part of the building around the small, trapezoidal courtyard as strictly historically structured. The facade has a central projectile with a small portico and an attic coronation . On the first floor there are window bay windows facing the street.

The younger part of the building, located in house number 28, was adapted by Ludwig Tischler in the design of the outer facade to the existing building and also has a basement.

The two yew trees in the courtyard have been protected as a natural monument since 1937.

Leopoldstadt Children's Hospital Association

The purpose of the Leopoldstadt Children's Hospital Association was to build a children's hospital in Leopoldstadt and to keep it going. The means to achieve the goals of the association provided:

• the interests of the foundation's capital and the association's assets,
• Contributions from members and benefactors,
• Income from collections,
• Sums that the hospital received through public events,
• inheritances, bequests or gifts that have passed to the hospital and
• Contributions to subsistence costs paid by other institutions or, in exceptional cases, by private individuals.

Membership in the Leopoldstadt Children's Hospital Association was possible for men and women, regardless of their religion or class, as well as societies or corporations. Among other things there were:

• " Founder ":

People who donated at least 1,000 crowns for the construction of a hospital or at least 2,500 crowns for the construction and maintenance of a hospital bed as a one-off payment or in installments within a maximum of two years were designated as donors.

The donated beds bore the name of the donor. A child recommended by a benefactor - provided that it corresponded to the points listed below - was given preference over other children when admitted to the hospital.

• " Founder ":

People who undertook to pay between 100 and 500 crowns either as a one-off payment or in installments were designated as founders. The names of the founders were immortalized on a plaque.

A child recommended for admission by a founder was - provided it complied with the points listed below - preferred to other children after the founder children when admitted to the hospital.

Prominent institutions, among others, appeared as bed donors until 1894.

• 1873 :

• The directorate of the kk privileged Austrian Northwest Railway
• Ferdinand Figdor
• Albert Freiherr Klein von Wiesenburg
• Franz Freiherr Klein von Wiesenburg

• 1876 :

• Albert Salomon Anselm von Rothschild in the name of his son Georg Anselm Alphonse von Rothschild

• 1881 :

• Joseph and Anna Wasner donated two beds

• 1882 :

• The management of the Austrian Northern Railway

The patron of the Leopoldstadt Children's Hospital was the respective chief curator of the Erste Österreichische Spar-Casse. In addition, the association's board of directors included nine elected members, the respective district board, the pastor of Sankt Leopold and three representatives of the Erste Österreichische Spar-Casse .

According to the statutes drawn up by the Leopoldstadt Children's Hospital Association in 1870

• poor and sick boys and girls regardless of their religion or their class as well as foundlings aged 1 to 12 years, and more
• Children who were assigned by other institutions are admitted against reimbursement of costs (a decree of the kk Niederösterreichische Lieutenancy of June 28, 1873 permitted the Leopoldstadt Children's Hospital to admit children between the ages of 4 and 12 at the expense of the Rudolf Foundation .).
• If there was free space, the children of well-to-do parents were allowed to be admitted against reimbursement of costs.
• Only in exceptional cases and also for reasons of humanity were children in their first year of life.

Were not included on smallpox , Feuchtblattern and whooping cough fell ill and scofulöse, ailing and terminally ill children. Children suffering from Blattern were referred to the Kaiser-Franz-Josef-Spital (This point is not found in the statutes of the Leopoldstadt Children's Hospital Association from 1870, but in Balthasar Unterholzner's: The Leopoldstadt Children's Hospital in Vienna 1873–1898 ).

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Archived copy ( memento of the original from October 19, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
2. ↑ Franz Ullmann Chronological description of the establishment and development of the St. Annen, St. Joseph, Leopoldstädter, Kronprinz Rudolf and Karolinen Children's Hospital in Vienna and the relationship between these institutions and the Vienna kk hospital fund
3. ^ Peter Csendes History of Vienna's Publishing House for History and Politics, Vienna, 1981, ISBN 3-7028-0183-9
4. ^ Felix Czeike : Historical Lexicon Vienna. Volume 1: A – Da. Kremayr & Scheriau, Vienna 1992, ISBN 3-218-00543-4 .
5. ↑ http://www.vienna.cc/d/briten_1.htm
6. ↑ http://www.wien.gv.at/rk/historisch/1953/november.html
7. ↑ [1]
8. ^ Vienna - II. To IX. and XX. District. Dehio-Handbuch Wien, page 32, ISBN 3-7031-0680-8

Web links

• Martha Frühwirt center for medical self-help groups

literature

• Balthasar Unterholzner: The Leopoldstadt Children's Hospital in Vienna 1873–1898 , Verlag des Leopoldstadt Children's Hospital Association (1898)
• Statutes of the Leopoldstadt Children's Hospital Association (April 8, 1870)
• Franz Ullmann: Chronological description of the establishment and development of the St. Annen, St. Joseph, Leopoldstädter, Kronprinz Rudolf and Karolinen children's hospitals in Vienna as well as the relationship between these institutions and the Vienna kk hospital fund , Vienna, W. Braumüller, 1896

Coordinates: 48 ° 13 ′ 23 ″  N , 16 ° 22 ′ 29 ″  E