Lidia Ciołkoszowa
Lidia Ciołkoszowa (born Kahan ; born June 24, 1902 in Tomaszów Mazowiecki , † June 9, 2002 in London ) was a Polish socialist educator, publicist and historian. She has been the lifelong honorary chairman of the Polish Socialist Party since 1990 .
Life
Born into a devout Jewish family in industrialized Congress Poland in 1902 and raised in Łódź , she studied Polish and history at the Jagiellonian University in Krakow from 1920 until she received her doctorate in 1925 on Stefan Żeromski under Ignacy Chrzanowski . It was there that she met the socialist Adam Ciołkosz , whom she married in 1925. She was one of the Jewish scouts of the Tadeusz Kościuszko group. She also joined the PPS and its sub-organizations for education. In Podgórze she started to work in childcare in a workers' home.
After Pilsudski's May coup in 1926, the young socialists split off from the majority course and prepared the Centrolev opposition. Adam was a member of the Sejm and a local PPS leader in Krakow. After his imprisonment in Brest prison , she took over the management of the PPS in Krakow. In 1936 she organized aid for strike victims and continued to get involved in social activities, holiday camps and youth libraries. With her husband she turned against the Polish communists, unlike the later communist prime minister Józef Cyrankiewicz . In 1939, when the war began, the family and their son fled to Lviv , then via Sweden to France, from there to London in 1940.
After 1945 they stayed there and worked in the government-in-exile, while those who remained in the country like Kazimierz Pużak perished under Stalinism. Lidia had to provide for a living, but also worked on a study on Polish Journalism in Exile, 1940-1960 . She edited the works of Aleksander Wat and Stanisław Kościałkowski. In 1976 the couple supported the civil rights movement KOR and had contact with the early Solidarność , such as Anna Walentynowicz , but especially with the re-founder (1980) of the PPS in Poland, Jan Józef Lipski . In 1990 she was elected lifelong honorary chairman of the new PPS when she visited Poland again for the first time. Until her death, two weeks before her 100th birthday, she never came back, partly because she criticized developments in Poland and the line of the PPS.
Fonts
- Publicystyka polska na emigracji 1940–1960 , London 1965.
- Publicystyka polska na emigracji 1940–1960 , wstęp i oprac. Andrzej Friszke, Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Krytyki Politycznej 2013.
literature
- Wolfgang Templin : The fight for Poland. The adventurous history of the Second Polish Republic 1918–1939 . Schöningh, Paderborn 2018, ISBN 978-3-506-78757-6
Web links
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Ciołkoszowa, Lidia |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Czeremszyna, Helena (pseudonym) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Polish publicist and politician in exile (PPS) |
| DATE OF BIRTH | June 24, 1902 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Tomaszów Mazowiecki |
| DATE OF DEATH | June 9, 2002 |
| Place of death | London |