List of coronations of the Russian tsars and emperors

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Insignia of Tsar Michael I.

The list of coronations in Russia lists in chronological order all the coronations of the Russian tsars and emperors since the first coronation of Dmitri Ivanovich in 1498.

Tsar coronations

The dates of life are based on the Gregorian calendar

image Name (life data) Succession to the throne coronation Notes on the coronation
Dmitri Ivanovich
(* 1483; † 1509) 		- February 4, 1498 Grandson of Grand Duke Ivan III. who has been using the uncrowned title " Tsar " for himself since 1478 . This made him the first coronation of Russian history to co-regent crown. The ceremony was based heavily on the co-regent coronations of the Byzantine Empire in the 10th century. The custom of pouring coins over the Tsars can also be found here.
Vasili III.jpg Vasily III.
(* 1479- † 1533) 		October 27, 1505 April 14, 1502 Whether Vasily III was actually crowned is controversial in historiography.
Iioan4.jpg Ivan IV, "the terrible"
(* 25 August 1530, † 28 March 1584) 		December 4, 1533 January 16, 1547 Ivan IV was the first crowned tsar of Russia. His ceremony was based on the Byzantine coronations of the 14th century. Ivan was crowned by the Metropolitan with the cap of Monomakh .
Feodor I of Russia - Project Gutenberg eText 20880.jpg Fyodor I
(May 31, 1557 - January 17, 1598) 		March 18, 1584 May 31, 1584 Last crowned tsar of the Rurikid dynasty . He was the first tsar to receive communion at the altar
Boris Godunov by anonim (17th c., GIM) .jpg Boris Godunow
(* 1552; † April 23, 1605) 		February 17, 1598 March 3 or 9, 1598 Elected and crowned tsar by the Semsky Sobor . The coronation is carried out for the first time by the Patriarch of Moscow .
Lžidimitrij I..jpg Dimitri II., "The wrong one"
(* approx. 1580; † May 17, 1606) 		June 20, 1605 July 21, 1605 Impostor crowned tsar as "Dimitri". He had his wife Marina crowned with him, a custom that only became permanently established in the imperial era.
Vasily IV Russia.jpg Vasily IV
(September 22, 1552 - September 12, 1612) 		May 19, 1606 June 1, 1606 no
Michael of Russia by anonymous (1772, Kremlin) .JPG Michael I
(July 22, 1596 - July 23, 1645) 		February 21, 1613 July 11, 1613 Founder of the Romanov dynasty . Michael I was elected tsar. How festive his coronation was after the time of the Smuta is not known.
Alexis I of Russia (Hermitage) .jpg Alexei I
(March 29, 1629 - February 8, 1676) 		July 13, 1645 September 28, 1645 no
Feodor III of Russia.jpg Fyodor III
(June 9, 1661 - May 7, 1682) 		January 30, 1676 June 16, 1676 Fyodor III was the first tsar to receive. the communion at the altar. The tsars' overflow of coins was changed in such a way that the coins were scattered in front of the tsars.
Ivan V.jpg Ivan V
(September 6, 1666 - February 8, 1696) 		May 26, 1682 June 25, 1682 Double coronation with Peter I. First and only double coronation in Russia. A special double throne was specially made.
Young Peter the Great of Russia.jpg Peter I, "the great"
(born June 9, 1672; † February 8, 1725) 		April 27, 1682 June 25, 1682 Double coronation with Ivan V. Some new shelves had to be made for the ceremony, such as the monomachio cap from the second series.

Imperial coronations

image Name (life data) Succession to the throne coronation Notes on the coronation
Antropov Petr 1.jpg Peter I, "the great"
(born June 9, 1672; † February 8, 1725) 		October 22, 1721 The end of the Great Northern War , which brought the Russian tsarism major territorial acquisitions in the Baltic Sea region and a great power position in Europe, was an occasion for Peter to introduce the imperial title in 1721 in order to express the increased importance and his own claims. He also crowned his second wife as empress.
Catherine I of Russia by Buchholz.jpg Catherine I
(April 15, 1684 - May 17, 1727) 		January 28, 1725 May 1724 She was already crowned Empress during Peter I's lifetime. In addition to the coronation of Marina on May 8, 1606, it was only the second coronation of a woman in Russia. On the occasion of her coronation, the first coronation album appears. For the first time, the Monomach's cap is not used for coronation, but a newly created miter crown.
Tsar Peter II.jpg Peter II
(born October 23, 1715 - † January 29, 1730) 		May 6, 1727 March 7, 1728 Peter II was the first Russian emperor to make his grand entrance into Moscow after St. Petersburg became the new capital in 1713 .
Louis Caravaque, Portrait of Empress Anna Ioannovna (1730) .jpg Anna
(February 7, 1693 - October 28, 1740) 		February 15, 1730 April 28, 1730 The only coronation after Peter II who refrained from moving to Moscow. Anna had a new crown made for her coronation . This crown was also used by the Empresses Elisabeth and Catherine II.
Carle Vanloo, Portrait de l'impératrice Élisabeth Petrovna (1760) .jpg Elisabeth
(December 29, 1709 - January 5, 1762) 		December 25, 1741 April 25, 1742 Elisabeth introduced the self-coronation of the emperors in Russia.
Peter III by A. Antropov (1762, Tretyakov gallery) .jpg Peter III
(February 21, 1728 - July 17, 1762) 		December 25, 1761 posthumously His son Paul I had him crowned posthumously in a ceremony.
Catherine II by Alexey Antropov (18th c, Tver gallery) .jpg Catherine II, "the great"
(* May 2, 1729; † November 17, 1796) 		June 28, 1762 September 22, 1762 Catherine II commissioned the tsar's crown, but it was not ready for her own coronation. It also expanded the celebrations around the coronation considerably.
Borovikovskiy PtPavla1GRM.jpg Paul
(October 1, 1754 - March 23, 1801) 		November 6, 1796 April 5, 1797 Paul founded the tradition of moving into the capital on a gray horse and reintroduced the primogeniture . Since Paul's coronation, his crown has been used continuously.
Alexander I by S.Shchukin (1809, Tver) .png Alexander I.
(23 December 1777 - 1 December 1825) 		March 12, 1801 September 15, 1801 For the first time, the empress is crowned with the newly created small tsar's crown.
Franz Krüger - Portrait of Emperor Nicholas I - WGA12289.jpg Nicholas I
(July 6, 1796 - March 2, 1855) 		December 14, 1825 August 22, 1826 At the coronation of Nicholas I, the imperial couple bowed three times to the people from the Red Stairs for the first time. The use of the tsar's hymn also goes back to this coronation. Nicholas was crowned King of Poland with Anna's crown in Warsaw in 1829. However, this process was unique because of the political development in Poland.
Alexander II by Ivan Tyurin (1860s, GIM) .jpg Alexander II
(April 29, 1818 - March 13, 1881) 		February 19, 1855 August 26, 1856 no
Shilder AlexanderIII.jpg Alexander III
(March 10, 1845 - November 1, 1894) 		March 2, 1881 May 15th jul. / May 27, 1883 greg. Longest period of time between accession to the throne and coronation, as well as shortest stay in Moscow.
Nicholas II of Russia painted by Earnest Lipgart.jpg Nicholas II
(May 18, 1868 - July 17, 1918) 		October 21, 1894 May 14, 1896 Last crowned emperor. For a short time, Nikolaus considered crowning himself with Monomach's cap. A new empress crown was made for the coronation of Nicholas for the mother of the empress Maria Feodorovna . At the folk festival on the Chodynka field there was a mass panic in which thousands of Russians died.

See also

literature

  • Richard S. Wortman: Scenarios of power: myth and ceremony in Russian monarchy. Vol 1: From Peter the Great to the death of Nicholas I . Princeton, Univ. Press 1995, ISBN 0-691-03484-2
  • Richard S. Wortman: Scenarios of power: myth and ceremony in Russian monarchy. Vol 2: From Alexander II to the abdication of Nicholas II . Princeton, Univ. Press 2000, ISBN 0-691-02947-4
  • Hans-Joachim Torke (Ed.): The Russian Tsars 1547–1917 . Verlag CH Beck, Munich 1995, ISBN 3-406-42105-9
This version was added to the selection of informative lists and portals on January 18, 2009 .