Lithium manganese (III, IV) oxide

Crystal structure
__ Li +      __ Mn 3 + / 4 +      __ O 2−
Crystal system	cubic
Space group	Fd 3 m (No. 227)
Lattice parameters	a = 8.2476  Å
General
Surname	Lithium manganese (III, IV) oxide
other names	LMO Lithium manganese oxide Lithium manganate (III, IV) Lithium manganese spinel
Ratio formula	LiMn 2 O 4
Brief description	dark gray to black odorless solid
External identifiers / databases
CAS number 12057-17-9 EC number 601-724-5 ECHA InfoCard 100.126.994 PubChem 56845409 Wikidata Q29565403
properties
Molar mass	180.81 g mol −1
Physical state	firmly
density	4.1 g cm −3 (25 ° C)
Melting point	> 400 ° C
solubility	practically insoluble in water
safety instructions
GHS labeling of hazardous substances no GHS pictograms H and P phrases H: no H-phrases P: no P-phrases
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Lithium manganese (III, IV) oxide is an inorganic chemical compound from the group of oxides with the empirical formula LiMn ₂ O ₄ . In addition to this, there are further Li _{1 + x} Mn _2-x O ₄ , Li ₂ Mn ₂ O ₄ , Li ₂ MnO ₃ , Li ₂ Mn ₄ O ₉ and Li ₄ Mn ₅ O ₁₂ in the Li – Mn – O phase diagram Lithium manganese oxides known.

Extraction and presentation

Lithium manganese (III, IV) oxide can be obtained by reacting lithium , lithium hydroxide or lithium carbonate with manganese (IV) oxide .

${\displaystyle {\ce {Li + 2MnO2 -> LiMn2O4}}}$

properties

Lithium manganese (III, IV) oxide is a black solid that is practically insoluble in water. It has a cubic crystal structure of the spinel type with the space group Fd 3 m (space group no. 227) (a = 8.2476 Å ), consisting of a cubic close packing of oxide ions with lithium ions in one eighth of the tetrahedral gaps and manganese ions in half the octahedron gaps exist.

use

Lithium manganese (III, IV) oxide is used as an electrode material for lithium-ion accumulators . However, the low cycle stability of the compound speaks for lithium cobalt oxide Li _1-x CoO ₂ as a material. The compound can be stabilized for this use by doping it with divalent transition metal cations .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Peter Kurzweil, Otto K. Dietlmeier: Electrochemical storage supercapacitors, batteries, electrolysis hydrogen, legal principles . Springer-Verlag, 2016, ISBN 978-3-658-10900-4 , pp. 189 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
2. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h} data sheet Lithium manganese oxide from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on May 22, 2017 ( PDF ).
3. ↑ ^{a b c} data sheet Lithium manganese (III, IV) oxide from AlfaAesar, accessed on March 25, 2017 ( PDF )(JavaScript required) .
4. ↑ Eriksson, Tom: LiMn2O4 as a Li-ion Battery Cathode. From Bulk to Electrolyte Interface , accessed March 25, 2017. urn : nbn: se: uu: diva-1397 .
5. ↑ Chuanyun Wan, Yanna Nuli, Jihua Zhuang, Zhiyu Jiang: Synthesis of spinel LiMn ₂ O ₄ using direct solid state reaction. In: Materials Letters. 56, 2002, p. 357, doi : 10.1016 / S0167-577X (02) 00485-8 .
6. ↑ ^{a b} Christian Julien, Alain Mauger, Ashok Vijh, Karim Zaghib: Lithium Batteries Science and Technology . Springer, 2015, ISBN 978-3-319-19108-9 , pp. 176 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
7. ↑ Junji Akimoto, Yasuhiko Takahashi, Yoshito Gotoh, Susumu Mizuta: Single Crystal X-ray Diffraction Study of the Spinel-type LiMn ₂ O ₄ . In: Chemistry of Materials. 12, 2000, p. 3246, doi : 10.1021 / cm0003673 .
8. ↑ Thorsten Buhrmester: On the disorder in the system Li _{1 + x} Mn _{2 − y} O _4-z , dissertation 2001