Lorenzo Veneziano

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Annunciation , main panel of the Lion polyptych , 1357–59, Accademia , Venice

Lorenzo Veneziano (actually Lorenzo di Niccolò ; also Laurencius pinctor , Laurentius pictor sanctorum ; proven in Venice from 1353 to 1379) was an important Italian painter of the Venetian school .

Life

Lorenzo belonged to a Venetian family of painters specializing in saints ( pittori di santi ), whose workshop was on the border of the communities of San Lio and Santa Marina near the Paradiso Bridge.

His father was called Nicolò ( Nicolaus pinctor ), his mother's name is not yet known. For the first time Lorenzo is mentioned together with Nicolò in a document dated March 4, 1353. Lorenzo's half-brother Pietro, from his father's first marriage, was the father of the painter Nicolò di Pietro . In 1374 Lorenzo was married to an Elena, whose sister Margherita was the third (?) Wife of his father.

He belonged to the brotherhood of the Scuola di San Cristoforo dei Mercanti.

Lorenzo Veneziano is probably not identical with one (or two?) Also called " Laurentius pictor " painter (s) who, according to documents from 1371 and 1377, was married to an Agnese di San Luca or Agnesina di San Basso (en ).

It can be assumed that he learned the basics of painting from his father, but details about his training are not known. It is often assumed that he was a student of Paolo Veneziano . Some authors also suspected an apprenticeship in Verona or Padua . Lorenzo worked very often for places on the Italian mainland.

Resurrection of Christ from the Triptych of the Silk Merchants , 1371, Castello Sforzesco , Milan

In 1356 Scipione Maffei from Verona ordered a panel painting from Lorenzo, about the whereabouts of which nothing is known. His first signed and dated work is the polyptych Lion , created between 1357 and 1359, for the high altar of the no longer existing church of Sant'Antonio Abate in Castello (today: Accademia , Venice). A mystical wedding of St. Katharina (Accademia, Venice) is dated to 1359 according to the Venetian calendar ( more veneto ) (i.e. actually from 1360).

In 1366 he created the so-called Proti-Polyptych with the Death of Mary ( Dormitio Virginis ) for the Cathedral of Vicenza .

For the Augustinian Church of San Giacomo in Bologna he completed a polyptych on July 4, 1368 with a Coronation of Mary as the main picture (Musée des Beaux-Arts, Tours ); this altar was later dismantled and is now distributed among various museums (see list of works below).

In 1371 Lorenzo completed two important altars: the Annunciation Triptych (Accademia, Venice) and the Triptych of the Silk Merchants ( tretico per l'Arte de la Seta ) with the Resurrection of Christ as the main picture, which is now in the Castello Sforzesco in Milan located; other parts are in the Venice Accademia. The Madonna and Child in the Louvre , he painted (Paris) originally in 1372 for the church of San Francesco in Rieti .

In 1379, Lorenzo is mentioned in a list of Venetian citizens who contributed to the cost of the Chioggia War .

The time of his death is not yet known.

Appreciation

Lorenzo Veneziano: Madonna dell'Umilta with St. Dominic and Petrus Martyr in the Rosary Chapel of Sant'Anastasia , Verona

Lorenzo Veneziano was the most important painter of Venice in the second half of the Trecento . His painting comes from the still Byzantine -influenced art of Paolo Veneziano from where he brings gradually more and more gothic influences, probably through his in Padua acting Guariento di Arpo were taught. It was through the latter that he came into contact with Giotto's realistic innovations . Lorenzo combined all these elements and a great painterly delicacy into his own style of great elegance and beauty and of typical Venetian character.

Lorenzo's work influenced other Venetian or Venice-based artists such as Giovanni da Bologna, Stefano Plebanus and Nicoletto Semitecolo .

Works (selection)

The following list of works is roughly in chronological order. Only the date of origin of the dated works is documented.

Christ enthroned gives Peter the key to heaven ( Traditio clavium ), 90 × 60 cm, Museo Correr, Venice, approx. 1370

literature

  • Lorenzo Veneziano. In: Lexicon of Art. Vol. 7, Karl Müller Verlag, Erlangen, p. 320
  • Cristina Guarnieri, Andrea de Marchi: Lorenzo di Niccolò called Lorenzo Veneziano: Saint John the Baptist. Altomani & Sons, Maastricht, 2016, excerpts online as a Google Book (bilingual: English, Italian; viewed on May 3, 2020)
  • Sandro Sponza: The Venetian Painting in the 14th Century. In: Giandomenico Romanelli (Ed.): Venice - Art and Architecture. Vol. 1, Könemann, Cologne, 1997, pp. 176-201, especially: 188-190

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c C. Guarnieri, Andrea de Marchi: Lorenzo di Niccolò called Lorenzo Veneziano: Saint John the Baptist , Altomani & Sons, Maastricht, 2016, p. 13, online as a Google Book (bilingual: English, Italian; viewed on May 3, 2020)
  2. ↑ a b c d e C. Guarnieri, Andrea de Marchi: Lorenzo di Niccolò called Lorenzo Veneziano: Saint John the Baptist , Altomani & Sons, Maastricht, 2016, p. 14, online as a Google Book (viewed on May 3, 2020 )
  3. ↑ a b c Lorenzo Veneziano , in: Lexikon der Kunst , Vol. 7, Karl Müller Verlag, Erlangen, p. 320
  4. ↑ a b c d e f g C. Guarnieri, Andrea de Marchi: Lorenzo di Niccolò called Lorenzo Veneziano: Saint John the Baptist , Altomani & Sons, Maastricht, 2016, p. 15, online as a Google Book (viewed 3. May 2020)
  5. ^ A b Sandro Sponza: The Venetian Painting in the 14th Century , in: Giandomenico Romanelli (ed.): Venice - Art and Architecture , Vol. 1, Könemann, Cologne, 1997, pp. 176–201, here: 188
  6. ↑ a b c C. Guarnieri, Andrea de Marchi: Lorenzo di Niccolò called Lorenzo Veneziano: Saint John the Baptist , Altomani & Sons, Maastricht, 2016, p. 16, online as a Google Book (viewed May 3, 2020)
  7. ↑ Sandro Sponza: The Venetian Painting in the 14th Century , in: Giandomenico Romanelli (Ed.): Venice - Art and Architecture , Vol. 1, Könemann, Cologne, 1997, pp. 176–201, here: 189
  8. ↑ a b c C. Guarnieri, Andrea de Marchi: Lorenzo di Niccolò called Lorenzo Veneziano: Saint John the Baptist , Altomani & Sons, Maastricht, 2016, p. 17, online as a Google Book (seen on May 3, 2020)
  9. ^ Sandro Sponza: The Venetian Painting in the 14th Century , in: Giandomenico Romanelli (Ed.): Venice - Art and Architecture , Vol. 1, Könemann, Cologne, 1997, pp. 176–201, here: 192
  10. ↑ The list follows the biographical information from Guarnieri, in: Cristina Guarnieri, Andrea de Marchi: Lorenzo di Niccolò called Lorenzo Veneziano: Saint John the Baptist , Altomani & Sons, Maastricht, 2016, p. 13, online as Google Book (bilingual : English, Italian; seen on May 3, 2020)

Web links

Commons : Lorenzo Veneziano  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
personal data
SURNAME Lorenzo Veneziano
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Lorenzo di Nicolò; Laurencius pinctor; Laurentius pictor sanctorum
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Venetian Gothic painter
DATE OF BIRTH before 1353
DATE OF DEATH after 1379