Lunenburg (Nova Scotia)
| Lunenburg | |||
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 View of the port of Lunenburg |
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| Location in Nova Scotia | |||
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| State : |
 Canada
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| Province : | Nova Scotia | ||
| County: | Lunenburg County | ||
| Coordinates : | 44 ° 23 ′ N , 64 ° 19 ′ W | ||
| Residents : | 2313 (as of 2011) | ||
| Time zone : | Atlantic Time ( UTC − 4 ) | ||
| Postal code : | B0J 2C0 | ||
| Foundation : | 1753 | ||
Lunenburg is a small port town in Lunenburg County , about 90 km from Halifax , the capital of Nova Scotia . Lunenburg is Canada's oldest German settlement with a long fishing and shipbuilding tradition. The town of Lunenburg , with its distinctive wooden architecture - colorful idyllic houses and old captain villas - heard since 1995 on the UNESCO - World Heritage Site .
Location and geography
Lunenburg is at the entrance to a peninsula west of Mahone Bay. It is on Lunenburg Bay. The height varies from 0 to 12 meters above sea level .
history
Lunenburg was initially populated by so-called Foreign Protestants, most of whom came from Germany (Palatinate and Württemberg), Switzerland and Protestant France ( Principality of Montbéliard ). They were brought to Canada by Lord Cornwallis by promising them freedom of worship and by financing the crossing. When later almost exclusively Germans came to Lunenburg, the name of the settlement was changed to the current name (previously: Mirliguèche).
It is still not clear who gave the city name; some say it was King George II of Great Britain, who was both elector of Braunschweig-Lüneburg (called Hanover) and nominally Duke of Braunschweig and Lüneburg .
Lunenburg is known for its shipyards and as the home port of the Bluenose and the Bluenose II , the construction of the Surprise (the largest wooden ship in the world that is still in operation) and the bounty for the film Mutiny on the Bounty .
Zion Evangelical Lutheran Church
Information sign on the UNESCO World Heritage Site
panorama
Culture and sights
Lunenburg's old town is characterized by historic wooden buildings, most of which are brightly colored and bright.
The Lunenburg Opera House was built in 1907/1908 on the model of European opera houses. In the 1940s it was converted into a cinema and renamed the Capitol Theater . In the 1990s and 2000s the house was mostly empty. It was fully restored in 2006.
The Fisheries Museum of the Atlantic is located at the port of Lunenburg with its eye-catching red wooden houses . The famous schooner Bluenose II , which serves as a tourist attraction for boat trips in the Atlantic, is located in the harbor .
The Zion Evangelical Lutheran Church is a Victorian Gothic style church, the cornerstone of which was laid in 1890 and which was consecrated in July 1891. The first Lutheran church was built in 1772. Only a key and a bell have survived from this church. This building was followed by a Gothic-style building in a new location in 1841. Today's church is the third church building.
The St. Andrew's Presbyterian Church in 111 Townsend Street goes back to the first Presbyterian Church in Canada. The first church dates from 1770. In 1879 it was enlarged to a length of 25.3 meters and a width of 12.2 meters. The new steeple was raised to 36 meters. The earlier square windows and other parts of the church were replaced by new ones in the neo-Gothic style. In 1909 the interior and the east side of the church were renovated.
The first school in Lunenburg from 1864 stood on the site of today's old fire station . On September 23, 1893, the first school building was destroyed by fire. The second school, called the Lunenburg Academy , was built on the Gallows Hill between 1894 and 1895 and is visible from afar. The opening took place on November 7, 1895. The eye-catching three-story red and white school building made of wood is considered an architectural masterpiece. The county's former education facility now serves as a municipal school. In 1995 the Canadian Post recognized the building with the issue of a postage stamp.
The Anglican Church of St. John was a major symbol of British rule and the Anglican Church in Canada. Built in 1754 in the classical style, the church was changed with many additions and renewed in the Gothic style. Today the church is considered a remarkable example of the “Gothic carpenter style”, which was traditionally interpreted in stone, but here in wood. The St. John's Church burned down on 1 November 2001 and was rebuilt with the help of global donations. The inauguration took place on June 12, 2005.
Economy and Infrastructure
economy
Until the late 18th century, Lunenburg supplied the city of Halifax with agricultural products. Lunenburg used to be a center of North Atlantic fishing. Since the fish stocks have rapidly declined due to the introduction of more efficient fishing methods, the main source of income today, besides shipbuilding, is tourism. Canada's largest fish processing plant is located in Lunenburg and is operated by High Liner Foods Inc.
traffic
The village is about 10 km southeast of Highway 103 , which connects Halifax with Bridgewater and the southern part of Nova Scotia. From the highway, roads 324 and 3 lead to Lunenburg.
literature
Non-fiction
- Inge H. Hunter, G. Barry Whitcomb, Lunenburg Historical Society: Lunenburg. Arcadia Publishing 2001 ISBN 0-7385-0953-1
- Brian Cuthbertson: Lunenburg: Then and Now. Formac 2002 ISBN 0-88780-566-3
- Terry James: Buildings of Old Lunenburg. Nimbus Publishing 1996 ISBN 1-55109-153-4
- Basil Brownless: The Story of Lunenburg's Most Historic Church: The 250-year history of St. John's Anglican Church . Lunenburg 2002
- Kenneth Paulsen: Religion and Identity in Planter-Era Lunenburg, Nova Scotia, 1753-1785, German-Canadian Yearbook, 16, ed. Lothar Zimmermann, Hartmut Froeschle , Myka Burke. Historical Society of Mecklenburg, Upper Canada , Toronto 2000 ISSN 0316-8603
Novels
- Keith Baker: Lunenburg. Feature 2001, ISBN 0-7472-6184-9 .
- Eric Wilson: The Ghost of Lunenburg Manor. Fitzhenry and Whiteside 1999, ISBN 0-7736-7484-5 .
Web links
- Official website of the city of Lunenburg (en)
- Fisheries Museum in Lunenburg (en)
- Information including video about Lunenburg from SWR (de)
- A Brief History of St. John's Anglican Church
Individual evidence
- ↑ Entry on the website of the UNESCO World Heritage Center ( English and French ).
- ^ Lunenburg Board of Trade. In: www.lunenburgns.com. Retrieved October 15, 2016 .
- ^ Lutheran Church, 65 Fox Street
- ↑ St. Andrew's Presbyterian Church, 111 Townsend Street ( Memento of the original from April 23, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Explore Lunenburg: The Castle on the Hill ( Memento of the original from May 21, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ A Brief History of The Lunenburg Academy (Engl.)
Heritage: L'Anse aux Meadows (1978) | SGaang Gwaii (1981) | Head-Smashed-In Buffalo Jump (1981) | Old Québec (1985) | Old town of Lunenburg (1995) | Rideau Canal (2007) | Grand Pré Cultural Landscape (2012) | Red Bay (2013) | Writing-on-Stone / Áísínai'pi (2019)
Natural Heritage: Nahanni National Park Reserve (1978) | Dinosaur Provincial Park (1979) | Kluane National Park and Tatshenshini-Alsek Provincial Park (1979) | Wood Buffalo National Park (1983) | Canadian Rocky Mountain Parks (1984) | Gros Morne National Park (1987) | Waterton-Glacier International Peace Park (1995) | Miguasha Paleontological Park (1999) | Joggins Fossil Cliffs (2008) | Mistaken Point (2016)
Cultural / natural heritage: Pimachiowin Aki (2018)