M'bour

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M'bour
M'bour (Senegal)
Red pog.svg
Coordinates 14 ° 25 ′  N , 16 ° 58 ′  W Coordinates: 14 ° 25 ′  N , 16 ° 58 ′  W
Basic data
Country Senegal

region

Thiès
Department Mbour
height 14 m
Residents 232,777 (2013)
politics
mayor Serigne Fallou Sylla
At the Quai De Pêche Mbour (Fish Market)
At the Quai De Pêche Mbour (Fish Market)
Traditional fishing boats on the beach in M'bour, Senegal

M'bour (also written M'Bour and Mbour , in Wolof Mbuur ) is a city in the central west of Senegal . It is prefecture of the Mbour département in the Thiès region and is a center for the country's fishing and tourism .

Geographical location

Mbour is located on the Petite-Côte , about 80 km southeast of the capital Dakar , and has grown together structurally with the adjoining seaside resort Saly Portudal . All other surrounding villages are part of the rural community (Communauté rurale) Malicounda ; these are Malikounda Sas, Falokh, Sintiou Mbadane, Nianing and Warang.

After Dakar , capital of Senegal, there are 83 km away. It is 37 km from Dakar-Blaise Diagne Airport , Ndiass, which opened in December 2018, to Mbour.

population

The population of M'bour is made up of different ethnic groups. Here live Serer , Lébou , Mandinka , Fulani .

The last censuses showed the following population figures for the city:

year Residents
1988 76,751
2002 153.503
2013 232,777

history

Since the 1860s, the Serer and Lébou had already settled in M'bour due to fishing. The Mandinka from the Casamance also settled in M'bour during this period. From the 1920s the French colonial administration expanded the port of M'bour. This was followed by a wave of immigration into the urban area, including by other population groups such as the Peul . The L'escale quarter, inhabited by the Mandinka, had to be given over to the colonial rulers. The Mandinka then founded the districts Sosse-Ost and Sosse-West.

Urban development can be divided into four phases.

  • The pre-colonial phase
  • Between 1922 and 1945
  • Between 1946 and 1976
  • From 1977 until today

Until 1922, the French were particularly interested in expanding the city, which until then had only been sparsely populated by the Serer, Lébou and Sossés (Mandinka).

In the second phase from 1922 to 1945, the urban structure of Mbour developed through the planned expansion of the port facilities and the axes of the urban development plan.

economy

The city developed around a titanium mine . In addition, the economy is mainly based on fishing and tourism. M'bour has the second largest port in Senegal after Dakar. We export to neighboring countries and the European Union .

But it is also an important tourist center, both because of the fine and flat sandy beach of the Petite-Côte , as well as because of the abundant fish. The "Experimental Ecological Protected Area of ​​M'bour" ( Réserve écologique expérimentale de M'bour ), which was established in 1987, is particularly worth seeing .

Culture

The Mandinka perform the Kankurang every year in Mbour , which is an initiation rite for young men. The foliage festival is performed on four consecutive weekends in August and September. The Kankurang, a mythical figure of Mandinkian cosmology , may only be viewed by already initiated Mandinka men. Tourists should keep their distance. The Kankurang has been included in the representative list of Unesco as an intangible cultural heritage of humanity. Today the Kankurang is threatened by tourism, but also by advancing urbanization and is therefore a cultural asset that needs to be protected.

Town twinning

Since 1974 M'bour has been sibling with the French port city of Concarneau .

Personalities

bibliography

  • Sadibou Dabo: Ethnicity et urbanization: les Mandingues de Mbuur au XIX – XX siècle , Dakar, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, 1994, 102 p. (Mémoire de Maîtrise) (French)
  • Abdoulaye Mballo: L'évolution politique de la ville de Mbour de 1945 à 1967 , Dakar, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, 1993, 101 p. (Mémoire de Maîtrise) (French)
  • C. Case: "Environnement côtier et santé: le cas des villes de Dakar et Mbour", in Diaw, AT, Thiam, MD, Bouland, P., Diouf, PS, Lake, LA, Mbow, MA, Ndiaye, P. et Thiam, MD, Gestion des ressources côtières et littorales du Sénégal: Actes de l'Atelier de Gorée du 27-29 Juillet 1992 , 1993, p. 269–274 (French)
  • Brigitte Rasoloniaina: Étude des représentations linguistiques des Sereer (Sénégal: Mbour, Nianing, Sandiara) , Paris, L'Harmattan, 2000 (French)
  • Birahim Seck: L'évaluation de la santé maternelle et périnatale à Mbour, Sénégal: une étude sociologique empirique , Lausanne, Sciences sociales et politiques, 2002 (French)

Movies

credentials

  1. Dakar et ses environs , carte 1 / 16,000, édition 2007–2008 (French)
  2. Senegal: The most important places with statistics on their population
  3. Unesco: Kankurang, Manding initiatory rite. In: Unesco Intangible Heritage Section. Unesco, accessed on June 15, 2019 .

Web links

Commons : Mbour  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files