Maade
| Maade | ||
 The Maadesiel from the seaside |
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| Data | ||
| location | Lower Saxony , Germany | |
| River system | Maade | |
| Drain over | Jade Bay → North Sea | |
| origin | Confluence of the Upjeverschem Tief and Gödenser Maade, southeast. of the "Wilhelmshavener Kreuz" ( A 29 and B 210 ) 53 ° 31 ′ 13 ″ N , 7 ° 59 ′ 40 ″ E |
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| Source height | 2 m above sea level NN | |
| muzzle |
Wilhelmshaven , Maadesiel Coordinates: 53 ° 33 '43 " N , 8 ° 9' 8" E 53 ° 33 '43 " N , 8 ° 9' 8" E |
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| Mouth height | 0 m | |
| Height difference | 2 m | |
| Bottom slope | 0.14 ‰ | |
| length | 14.5 km | |
| Left tributaries | Accumer low, Fedderwarder low | |
| Right tributaries | Heete | |
| Medium-sized cities | Wilhelmshaven | |
| Small towns | Schortens-Roffhausen and -Middelsfähr , | |
The Maade is the only major inland river in the city of Wilhelmshaven . It has a length of 14.5 kilometers and is of coastal historical importance. The name is derived from the Frisian word "mada" for meadow, swampy, boggy soil.
In the Middle Ages the Maade formed the boundary between the districts Östringen and Rüstringen . At that time it gave its name to a funnel-shaped bay, which arose from one of the many meltwater valleys of the Oldenburg-East Frisian Geestrücke after the last Ice Age . The Maade Bay began in the lowlands of Friedeburg and Reepsholt and ran in the form of a funnel in a north-easterly direction towards today's Inner Jade . The mouth of the Maade Bay was about 8 km wide and took up almost the entire area on which the northern urban area of Wilhelmshaven is today. Large merchant ships could sail on it, and pirates like Klaus Störtebeker are said to have sailed the Maade Bay to hide in one of the foothills of the bay. In the 12th century, the dike in the Maade Bay began. However, the complete dike could not be completed until 1520.
Today, the Maade with its connected troughs , draft and inspection trenches is primarily used to drain the lower areas behind the dykes . The river flows into the Inner Jade via a sluice near the Rustersiel district . The Maadesiel is an estuary pumping station with a sea lock, which ensures the drainage of the amount of precipitation even when the tidal conditions on the Jade are such that regular water drainage would be impossible.
The Wilhelmshaven district of Maadebogen was named after the characteristic arched course of the Maade in this section. The Maadetal district, further south of the Maadebogen, also owes its name to the river.
In Rüstersiel and on the Rüstersieler Groden there is a sport boat harbor. Above the Rüstersieler Hafen, the Maade is only navigable for paddle boats.
Protection status
The Maade is designated as an FFH area “Teichfledermaus-Habitat in the Wilhelmshaven area ” until it is crossed through Landesstraße 811 (Freiligrathstraße) in Wilhelmshaven . The FFH area is nationally secured in Wilhelmshaven by the landscape protection areas "Alte und Neue Maade" and "Alte und Neue Maade between Coldewei and Kreuzelwerk" and in the district of Friesland by the landscape protection area " Teichfledermausgewässer ".
literature
- Werner Brune (Ed.): Wilhelmshavener Heimatlexikon , Volume 1–3. Brune, Wilhelmshaven 1986–1987
- Hans Egidius: Sunken land and submerged parishes , Komregis-Verlag, Oldenburg 2007, ISBN 9783938501139
