Magdalena Black

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Magdalena Schwarz (born September 9, 1900 in Berlin , † January 19, 1971 in Munich ) was a German doctor who was persecuted by National Socialism .

Life

Magdalena Schwarz was of Jewish descent and worked as a doctor in Munich before the Second World War . During the Nazi era , her license to practice medicine was revoked as a Jew in the summer of 1938 on the basis of the Reich Citizenship Act . After about six months imprisonment in the Munich Gestapo prison for " racial disgrace ", from 1940 she was employed as a so-called medical practitioner for Munich Jews who had to wait for their deportation . Among other things, Schwarz worked in the Israelite hospital and cared for those in theThe Milbertshofen Jewish camp and the Berg am Laim assembly camp were forced and “penned” Jewish citizens from Munich . She covered the distances by bicycle, as Jews were forbidden to use public transport.

Shortly before her own deportation to Theresienstadt on February 23, 1945, she managed to go into hiding. She was "hidden" by a colleague in the closed ward at Schwabing Hospital .

After the war, Schwarz worked as a doctor again in Munich until shortly before her death. She was married and had a daughter.

Processing and commemoration

The fate of Magdalena Schwarz was the subject of historical research and was included in several documentaries about doctors in Munich during the National Socialist era .

The life story of Magdalena Schwarz and her persecution by the National Socialists was presented as part of the traveling exhibition “70. Anniversary of the withdrawal of a license to practice medicine for Jewish doctors ”next to the portraits of three Munich doctors. The by the couple Ursula and Dr. The exhibition conceived by Hansjörg Ebell and designed by the artist Tobias Wittenborn is based on various documentations about doctors in Munich and has been shown several times since 2008 at various exhibition locations in Munich, Ansbach , Lindau and Nuremberg .

On the occasion of the opening of the exhibition in Munich in July 2008, the chairman of the Bavarian Association of Statutory Health Insurance Dentists , Janusz Rat , pointed out that "the German medical profession was organized in a National Socialist way far more than the average population," and quoted a statement by the former President of the German Medical Association Karsten Vilmar : "Leading representatives of the medical profession actively participated in the expulsion of their Jewish colleagues." The exhibition, which has now been expanded, documents a few exemplary individual fates of Jewish doctors from Munich, Nuremberg and Fürth - including Magdalena Schwarz -, as well as through the ordinances and Laws of the National Socialists' life stories were destroyed. In addition to other medical and dental associations, the exhibition is also supported by the Bavarian Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians; its CEO, Axel Munte, emphasized that the focus on individual fates “made history tangible for younger people too”.

Honor

In 2004, a new street in the Trudering-Riem district of Munich was named after Magdalena Schwarz.

literature

  • Waltraut Wertheimer: Magdalena Schwarz . In: Ilse Macek (ed.): Excluded, disenfranchised, deported. Schwabing and Schwabing fates. 1933 to 1945 . Volk Verlag, Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-937200-43-9 , pp. 449-451.
  • Wolfram Selig : "Aryanization" in Munich. The annihilation of the Jewish existence 1937–1939 . Metropol, Berlin 2004, ISBN 3-936411-33-6 .
  • Sybille Krafft , Christina Böck: Between the fronts. Munich women in war and peace 1900–1950 . Ed .: State capital Munich, Buchendorfer-Verlag, Munich 1995, ISBN 3-927984-37-X , p. 172f.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Ursula Ubell: Speech by the curator, Ursula Ubell ( Memento from January 4, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) . Speech on the occasion of the opening of the exhibition “70. Anniversary of the withdrawal of Jewish doctors' license to practice medicine ”in the administrative headquarters of the KZVB in Munich on January 30, 2009. ( PDF file; accessed on September 8, 2010 .; 91 kB)
  2. ↑ a b (hip): Exhibition commemorates the withdrawal of a license to practice for Jewish doctors . In: Schwäbische Zeitung, April 16, 2009. (Accessed September 8, 2010.)
  3. ↑ Tobias Horner: "Sweep them all away ..." . In: Bayerisches Zahnärzteblatt , September 2008 edition ( PDF file; accessed on September 8, 2010 .; 38 kB)
  4. ↑ Janusz Rat, Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Bavarian Association of Statutory Health Insurance Dentists: 70 years later : Withdrawal of medical license 1938 , speech from July 25, 2008. At: haGalil onLine . (Accessed September 8, 2010.)
  5. ↑ (hil / aerzteblatt.de): Munich recalls the withdrawal of Jewish doctors' license to practice medicine during National Socialism ( memento of the original from June 3, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.aerzteblatt.de archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . In: Deutsches Ärzteblatt from June 1, 2010. (Accessed September 8, 2010.)
  6. ↑ Dagmar Nedbal: 72 years later . In: Bayerisches Ärzteblatt , issue 7–8 / 2010, p. 371. ( PDF file; accessed on September 8, 2010 .; 344 kB)
  7. ↑ Exhibition on the withdrawal of a license to practice medicine in 1938 ( Memento of the original from September 20, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.kvb.de archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . Press release of the Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians in Bavaria and the Munich Medical District and District Association from July 25, 2008. ( PDF file; accessed on September 8, 2010.)
  8. ^ State capital Munich, municipal department: Street renaming Magdalena-Schwarz-Strasse ; on www.muenchen.de. (Accessed September 8, 2010.)
personal data
SURNAME Black, Magdalena
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German-Jewish doctor
DATE OF BIRTH September 9, 1900
PLACE OF BIRTH Berlin
DATE OF DEATH 19th January 1971
Place of death Munich