Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians
According to Section 77 (5) SGB V, associations of statutory health insurance physicians in Germany are public corporations to which all contract doctors and contract psychotherapists must belong. They are responsible for the medical care of those insured by the statutory health insurances . In addition to the statutory health insurance associations, there are the statutory health insurance associations (KZV) to which the contract dentists must belong.
Members
Are members of the Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians
- the licensed doctors , psychological psychotherapists and child and adolescent psychotherapists established in the respective area of responsibility
- the employed doctors, psychological psychotherapists and child and adolescent psychotherapists (working at least half a day) working for contract doctors and contract psychotherapists and the approved medical care centers (MVZ) and
- the authorized hospital doctors participating in statutory health care.
organization structure
There are 17 statutory health insurance associations in Germany according to the federal states, with the exception of North Rhine-Westphalia, which is divided into KV Nordrhein and KV Westfalen-Lippe . Likewise the concentration camps . KV Bavaria has the largest number of members . At the federal level, there are according to § 77 , para. 4 SGB V a Kassenärztliche Confederation (KBV) and a Kassenzahnärztliche National Association (KZBV) as the topmost decision-making bodies, in particular for the conclusion of Federal sheath contracts with the health insurance organizations. The contents of the contract are binding for doctors and dentists. According to Section 78 (1) SGB V, the umbrella organizations are subject to the legal supervision (not the specialist supervision) of the Federal Ministry of Health , the state organizations to the supervision of the state health ministries responsible for their area or the state ministries of social affairs, which coordinate in annual health ministerial conferences.
Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians
| KV | Seat | Chairman of the Management Board as of April 1, 2017. |
2014 membership | Employees 2013 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians Baden-Württemberg (KVBW) | Stuttgart - Möhringen | Norbert Metke | 21,316 | 1,930 |
| Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians in Bavaria (KVB) | Munich - Laim | Wolfgang Krombholz | 26,207 | 1,656 |
| Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians Berlin (KV Berlin) | Berlin-Westend | Margret Stennes | 9,332 | |
| Brandenburg Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians (KVBB) | Potsdam | Peter Noack | 4.175 | |
| Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians Bremen (KVHB) | Bremen - Schwachhausen | Jörg Hermann | 1,866 | 92 |
| Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians Hamburg (KVH) | Hamburg-Barmbek-Süd | Walter Plassmann | 4,932 | 350 |
| Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians Hessen (KV Hessen) | Frankfurt-Gallus | Frank Dastych | 12,408 | 700 |
| Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (KVMV) | Schwerin - Neumühle | Axel Rambow | 3,108 | |
| Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians Lower Saxony (KVN) | Hannover-Oststadt | Mark Barjenbruch | 15,132 | 627 |
| North Rhine Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians (KVNO) | Düsseldorf - Golzheim | Frank Bergmann | 19,969 | 385 (main office only) |
| Rhineland-Palatinate Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians (KV RLP) | Mainz-Gonsenheim | Peter Heinz | 7,618 | |
| Saarland Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians (KV Saarland) | Saarbrücken - St. Johann (Saar) | Gunter Hauptmann | 2.127 | |
| Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians in Saxony (KVS) | Dresden - Neustadt | Klaus Heckemann | 8,020 | |
| Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians Saxony-Anhalt (KVSA) | Magdeburg - hop garden | Burkhard John | 4.128 | |
| Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians Schleswig-Holstein (KVSH) | Bad Segeberg | Monika Schliffke | 5,548 | 255 |
| Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians Thuringia (KV Thuringia) | Weimar | Annette Rommel | 4.124 | 265 |
| Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians Westphalia-Lippe (KVWL) | Dortmund - Westfalendamm | Gerhard Nordmann | 14,937 | 1,750 |
| total | 164,947 |
Dental associations
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| KZV | Seat | Chairman of the Management Board as of April 1, 2018 |
Number of members as of October 1, 2016 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Association of Statutory Health Insurance Dentists Baden-Württemberg (KZV BW) | Stuttgart | Ute Meier | 7,791 |
| Dental Association of Bavaria (KZVB) | Munich | Christian Berger | 10.146 |
| Association of Statutory Health Insurance Dentists Berlin (KZV Berlin) | Berlin | Jörg Meyer | 3,693 |
| Brandenburg Association of Statutory Health Insurance Dentists (KZVBB) | Potsdam | Eberhard Steglich | 1,782 |
| Association of Statutory Health Insurance Dentists Bremen (KZVHB) | Bremen | Martin Sztraka | 486 |
| Association of Statutory Health Insurance Dentists Hamburg (KZVH) | Hamburg | Eric Banthien | 1,697 |
| Association of Statutory Health Insurance Dentists Hessen (KZV Hessen) | Frankfurt | Stephan Allroggen | 4,809 |
| Association of Statutory Health Insurance Dentists Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (KZVMV) | Schwerin | Wolfgang Abeln | 1,246 |
| Association of Statutory Health Insurance Dentists Lower Saxony (KZVN) | Hanover | Thomas Nels | 6,067 |
| North Rhine Association of Statutory Health Insurance Dentists (KZVNR) | Dusseldorf | Ralf Wagner | 6,986 |
| Rhineland-Palatinate Association of Statutory Health Insurance Dentists (KZV RLP) | Mainz | Peter Matovinovic | 2,628 |
| Saarland Association of Statutory Health Insurance Dentists (KZV Saarland) | Saarbrücken | Ulrich Hell | 599 |
| Association of Statutory Health Insurance Dentists Saxony (KZVS) | Dresden | Holger Weißig | 3,479 |
| Saxony-Anhalt Association of Statutory Health Insurance Dentists (KZVSA) | Magdeburg | Jochen Schmidt | 1,722 |
| Association of Statutory Health Insurance Dentists Schleswig-Holstein (KZVSH) | Kiel | Michael Diercks | 2,074 |
| Dental Association of Thuringia (KZV Thuringia) | Erfurt | Karl-Friedrich Rommel | 1,876 |
| Association of Statutory Health Insurance Dentists Westphalia-Lippe (KZVWL) | Muenster | Holger Seib | 5,603 |
| total | 62,684 |
organs
A KV / KZV consists of two organs, the board and the representative assembly. Since the introduction of the full-time executive board, both bodies have their legally assigned areas of responsibility. The Representative Assembly (VV) remained the only self-governing body of the KV / KZV. The two chairmen of the representative assembly represent the corporation vis-à-vis the board of directors. The representatives (delegates) are re-elected every six years. (Dental) medical professional associations apply for these elections. A full-time two to three-person board has been elected by the VV (since 2005). The term of office is six years according to § 79 SGB V. The current 15th term of office runs from 2017 to 2022.
- Representative Assembly
The meeting of representatives has in particular
- to resolve the statutes and other autonomous law,
- monitor the board of directors,
- make all decisions that are of fundamental importance for the corporation,
- to determine the budget ,
- to decide on the discharge of the board due to the annual accounts,
- to represent the corporation vis-à-vis the board of directors and its members,
- to decide on the acquisition, sale or encumbrance of land and the construction of buildings.
She can view and check all business and administrative documents. The competencies of the representative assembly find their limit in the core area of the tasks incumbent on the board.
- Board
The board administers the corporation and represents it in and out of court, unless otherwise stipulated by law or other law. It is not the task of the board of directors to represent the assembly of representatives externally, but to represent the corporation K (Z) V as a legal person. The executive board is only an “extended arm” of the meeting of representatives in those cases in which the meeting of representatives is exceptionally entitled to make decisions in individual cases and within the framework of the law.
tasks
According to Section 75 (1) SGB V and Section 73 (2) SGB V, the tasks of the KVen / KZVen are to ensure nationwide outpatient medical, psychotherapeutic and dental care (for the structure of this task, see e.g. Section 106 SGB V for performance auditing, Section 106a SGB V for the accounting audit and Sections 95 ff. SGB V for the licensing system), the representation of the rights of their members vis-à-vis the health insurance companies in accordance with Section 75 (2) sentence 1 SGB V, the monitoring of the fulfillment of the obligations incumbent on the contracting doctors ( Section 75 (2) sentence 2 SGB V, see also Section 81 (5) SGB V for disciplinary proceedings and Section 81a SGB V for combating misconduct) as well as the distribution of fees to contracted (dental) doctors and psychotherapists (see Section 85 (4) SGB V). The KVen / KZVen are entitled to exercise the rights and interests of the members within the framework of legislative procedures, the exercise of the rights of the members vis-à-vis the health insurance companies and vis-à-vis the supervisory authority. The KVs / KZVs are the contact persons for their members for all areas of contractual (dental) medical activity. This concerns u. a. also questions of billing, regulation, profitability and practice management. Furthermore, the KVen / KZVen regularly campaign for their members in terms of professional policy, for example to safeguard freelance work, freedom of establishment, the right to freely choose a doctor and psychotherapist and performance-based remuneration for medical and psychotherapeutic work.
Collective agreement
The billing of outpatient medical services provided to patients of the statutory health insurance ( GKV ) is not carried out directly between the contract doctor , contract psychotherapist or contract dentist and the patient , nor between the doctor and the patient's health insurance (this is not the case with the liquidation of a private doctor , private psychotherapist or Private dentist or in the liquidation of private services for statutory health insurance patients). The health insurance companies conclude collective agreements with the respective KVs , in which the total remuneration for the respective KV district is specified. The total remuneration should cover all medical and psychotherapeutic services for the care of GKV insured persons. The amount of the total remuneration is based on the treatment requirement , which according to Section 87a SGB V must be adjusted annually, in particular based on changes in the number or structure of insured persons (age, morbidity). In the area of dental care, these parameters must at least be taken into account in the annual increase in total remuneration in accordance with Section 85 SGB V.
Structural contracts
In addition, according to § 73a SGB V old version, the statutory health insurance associations were able to conclude structural contracts with the regional associations of the health insurance funds and the substitute funds.
Billing
The billing of individual medical or psychotherapeutic services is carried out with the KV using a point system, the uniform assessment standard (EBM), for dentists according to the assessment standard for dental services (BEMA). The budgeting made honorary distribution agreements necessary. These regulate, for example, with practice budgets or floating point values , which remuneration the individual doctor or psychotherapist ultimately receives based on the total remuneration paid by the statutory health insurance companies , the points billed by him and the point value . Because the amount of work increases annually faster than the total remuneration, which is limited by the link to the development of the basic wage , the medical and psychotherapeutic fees per service have been falling for years, but the average remuneration per hour worked.
Billing mode
For a long time billing was only done on paper until the beginning of the 1990s when the billing data could also be transferred to KV in encrypted form on diskette. From the billing of the first quarter of 2011, online billing is mandatory for contract doctors and contract psychotherapists. The general assembly of the KBV in 2007 decided on the changeover. The prerequisite for online billing is the connection of the practice to the computer center of the respective KV. Depending on the KV, up to three ways are available for this: Hardware VPN ( KV-SafeNet ), software VPN (KV-FlexNet) and KV-WebNet web portals. An example of a web portal is KV-Ident of KV Bayerns.
branch
The settlement options for doctors and psychotherapists who want to take part in statutory health care are limited by law. The legal admission restrictions are intended to avoid over- and undersupply with contract doctors and contract psychotherapists (requirements planning and supply security). The approval of contract doctors and contract psychotherapists in accordance with the approval ordinance is incumbent on the admissions committee , which is made up of representatives of the Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians and the health insurance companies.
In the field of contract dental care, the admission restriction was lifted on April 1, 2007. Section 103 SGB V, which regulates the ordering of admission restrictions, has since then expressly no longer applied to dentists according to paragraph 8.
Each Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians also maintains a register of doctors for its district. It covers all doctors and psychotherapists who are licensed to provide outpatient care for statutory health insurance patients or who intend to be licensed for medical or contract psychotherapeutic care.
On call
All statutory health insurance associations operate on- call medical services . These ensure that in the event of illness, patients can also contact a resident doctor outside the regular office hours, i.e. also at night, on public holidays and on weekends. The on- call service must be separated from the emergency doctor who provides help in life-threatening cases. Since April 17, 2012, the number 116 117 has been in effect for all medical on-call services in Germany.
The dental associations organize nationwide the dental emergency service , especially on Saturdays, Sundays and public holidays, bridging days, and possibly during school holidays.
Facilities
The KBV maintains together with the Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Deutschen Ärztekammern e. V. (German Medical Association ) a medical center for quality in medicine (ÄZQ). The KZBV maintains together with the Arbeitsgemeinschaft Deutscher Zahnärztekammern e. V. ( German Dental Association ) the Dental Quality Center (ZZQ).
Fee amount
According to a survey in Berlin, just over 50% of the doctors reported a profit before tax of around € 60,000 (as of 2009). This follows from the surveys of the Medical Association of Berlin, where the resident doctors have to submit their tax assessment to determine their chamber contribution. According to surveys by the Federal Statistical Office, an average resident doctor has an annual profit of 120,000 euros before taxes (as of 2009). Most politicians speak of a distribution problem within the medical profession that the medical profession could solve itself. As part of self-administration, doctors and psychotherapists have since tried to find solutions in the extended evaluation committee. The committee had decided the controversial fee reform of January 2009 with the votes of the doctors and the impartial chairman against the votes of the health insurance companies.
history
When compulsory health insurance for workers was introduced in Germany towards the end of the 19th century, the health insurance companies had a contractual monopoly. They concluded individual contracts with the doctors who were largely dependent on them and were able to determine the conditions. In the period that followed, there was unrest among the medical profession, which led to a general strike in October 1913. The government intervened to avert this strike. It mediated the beginnings of joint self-administration by health insurers and statutory health insurance physicians (later: Reich Committee of Doctors and Health Insurers, today: Joint Federal Committee ).
The fourth ordinance of the Reich President for the safeguarding of the economy and finances and for the protection of internal peace of December 8, 1931 (RGBl. 699) provided for the conclusion of general contracts between health insurers and associations of statutory health insurance physicians in § 1 . The ordinance on statutory health care of January 14, 1932 (RGBl. I p. 19) adapted Sections 368-373 RVO (Reich Insurance Code) to the new legal status. This establishment of the Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians in 1931 and 1932 created a counterbalance to the health insurance companies.
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By the Regulation on the physicians' association in Germany of 2 August 1933 (the RGBl. 567) were abolished the regional physicians' associations and formed a by-NS state-guided uniformly-German physicians' association, which the Nazi dictatorship as part of the DC circuit laws , the legal instruments of power put into their hands to build and maintain their regime. The associations of statutory health insurance physicians have thus been transformed from a representation of the interests of doctors into a para-state executive body:
"The Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians in Germany is subject to the supervision of the Reich Minister of Labor, unless special supervision exists or is justified."
After 1945 this status was retained, the hybrid structure that members of an association have to pay for this association on the one hand, but this association has to carry out state tasks of control, is initially difficult to reconcile with democratic principles. The status of a “corporation under public law” is established by the democratic state and the Statutory Health Insurance Associations are granted the status.
It is true that the Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians was in the Nazi state and the Associations of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians in Germany are formally the sole bearer of relationships between statutory health insurance physicians and health insurance companies and thus public corporations . However, they have to comply with the regulations of social legislation (in particular SGB V ).
The statutory health insurance physicians have thus gained more rights (self-administration, collective agreements, negotiation of fee agreements and licensing provisions), on the one hand, but also obligations (above all the "security mandate") against the initial superiority of the health insurance companies, on the one hand, by establishing the statutory health insurance associations. In return, they had to renounce the right to strike.
Discussion and controversy
Tasks and self-image
In the discussion on health policy, the associations of statutory health insurance physicians are criticized by politicians : they are " monopolies and cartels that prevent competition " . The current health reform laws therefore provide for a “professionalization and streamlining” of KVs. The health insurance companies can already conclude direct contracts with individual service providers. Some politicians and economists as well as parts of the medical profession even advocate the complete dissolution of the KVs, and they are also challenged by competing interests (associations) within the medical profession (e.g. between specialists and general practitioners).
It is argued against the dissolution of the KVs or KZVs that this would make the introduction of purely state authorities necessary, which would have to take over the tasks of the KVs without having the necessary specialist knowledge. Individual tasks, such as B. the quality assurance of care could be transferred to the medical associations, which have always had the task of continuing education, training and quality assurance of medical care. The billing of doctors, dentists and psychotherapists with the health insurance companies could be done directly or via private clearing houses. The particularly sensitive social data of citizens, who could not defend themselves against the collection, are, however, subject to data protection requirements that private clearing houses currently do not meet.
It is criticized that individual KVs increasingly represent the interests of the profession and so the security mandate is carried out unilaterally. The BMVZ e. V. in July 2011 that KV Berlin filed a flat-rate complaint against all clinic-operated MVZs in Berlin for billing fraud, on the grounds that “clinic MVZs could barely operate profitably in a legal way”.
According to its own statements, the Berliner KV only advocates the freelance medical profession. The security order is thus in conflict with the simultaneous professional political representation, which prefers resident doctors and thus opposes cooperative forms of care.
Claiming practice fees
In the 2015 reminder campaign, KV passed on unauthorized insured data from patients from the Barmer Ersatzkasse (BEK) to the Stuttgart debt collection firm "RVR Rechtsanwälte" in order to collect supposedly outstanding practice fees of ten euros each from the first quarter of 2011. The consumer advice center assumes that the cash register is required to provide evidence, and not the consumer. The KV spokeswoman Franziska Schott says: "The patient must prove that he has paid the practice fee". Those who cannot refute the collectors should probably pay the ten euros, because the following dunning procedure incurs high fees for the RVR lawyers.
Free Alliance of State Associations (FALK)
In May 2011, the Free Alliance of State Insurance Offices was created from the initiative of the Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians in Baden-Württemberg (KVBW), Bavaria (KVB), Hesse (KVH) and Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (KVMV). The FALK operates an office in Berlin and describes itself as "patient-oriented, country-oriented, community-oriented." The aim of the FALK is a transnational cooperation on important health and supply policy issues as well as an effective representation of the interests of the state KVs at the federal level. She takes a counter-position to the National Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians (KBV) and takes the view that centralized management of Berlin based on the respective supply situation in the regions would not do justice. Outpatient care can only be designed well regionally, taking into account the individual circumstances on site. In addition to supply-specific aspects , the FALKs also criticize the structure of the Representative Assembly (VV) of the KBV, which, according to the previous mode, provides for a disproportionate influence of KVs with only a few members. KV Bavaria, for example, represents 24,370 members (as of December 31, 2009) and has only six seats in the VV, while KV Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania only represents 2,850 members (as of December 31, 2009), but over two VV members have. In 2015 KV Westfalen-Lippe (KVWL) and KV Saarland became new members of FALK, in 2017 KV Rhineland-Palatinate (RLP) and KV Nordrhein (KVNO) in 2018.
Cross-State Appropriate Care Entitlement (LAVA)
In August 2011, an alliance of eight KVs was founded as a counterweight to the above network, namely those of Brandenburg (KVBB), North Rhine (KVNO), Rhineland-Palatinate (KV RLP), Saxony (KVS), Saxony-Anhalt (KVSA), Thuringia (KVT), Schleswig-Holstein (KVSH) and Westphalia-Lippe (KVWL). These KVs all received less money per insured person than the national average. KVSH left the association in 2012, KVWL switched to FALK in 2015, KV RLP in 2017 and KVNO in 2018.
See also
literature
- Thomas Gerst: Medical professional organization and professional politics in Germany 1945–1955. Franz Steiner Verlag, Stuttgart 2004 (Medicine, Society and History, Supplement 21) (updated version of a dissertation from 1997)
Web links
- National Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians (KBV)
- National Association of Statutory Health Insurance Dentists (KZBV)
- Central Institute for Statutory Health Insurance (ZI)
- Institute of German Dentists (IDZ)
Individual evidence
- ↑ § 77 SGB V
- ↑ Address list of the Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians
- ↑ Address list of the dental associations
- ^ KV board members , National Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians. Retrieved April 8, 2017.
- ↑ Zahnärztliche Mitteilungen, 107, No. 7, April 1, 2017, p. 49. Image series ( Memento from April 9, 2017 in the Internet Archive ).
- ↑ z. B. Articles of Association of KZVB p. 3. Accessed on March 27, 2015.
- ↑ Guidelines of the KBV for the use of IT systems
- ↑ Secure network - contact person in the KVen
- ↑ KV Berlin: Step 1 to the branch: Entry in the doctor register.
- ↑ Guidelines in dentistry, oral and maxillofacial medicine in: Aspects of Prevention by Urula Schütte, Michael Walter, 2010, 339.
- ↑ The greed of doctors - health only against prepayment? (No longer available online.) In: Phoenix Runde . Archived from the original on March 23, 2009 ; accessed on March 13, 2009 (verbal contribution after approx. 33 min.).
- ↑ Thorsten Pifan: Anne Will and the hostages in the waiting room. In: The world. March 9, 2009, accessed November 12, 2016 .
- ↑ Stefan Von Borstel and Philipp Neumann: The expensive misunderstanding. In: welt-online.de. March 12, 2009. Retrieved November 12, 2016 .
- ↑ For the development cf. the overviews at KV Hamburg and KV Baden-Württemberg .
- ↑ Josef Maus: "Rest in the State"; in: PP 3 (German Medical Journal for Psychological Psychotherapists and Child and Adolescent Psychotherapists), May 2004 edition, page 201
- ^ Ordinance on the Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians in Germany of August 2, 1933 , in the Austrian National Library: German Reich Law Gazette Part I 1867–1945, Volume 1933, No. 90, Page 567
- ↑ Barbara Möller: In the dispute over fees: Lauterbach wants to strengthen doctors . In: Abendblatt.de , March 11, 2009, accessed October 21, 2017.
- ↑ Ulla Schmidt against the abolition of the statutory health insurance associations. ddp, March 26, 2009, accessed November 13, 2016 .
- ↑ Berliner Zeitung, June 23, 2011
- ^ KV Berlin representation of interests
- ^ Daniel Bakir: Lots of reminder letters for practice fees. In: Stern. March 13, 2013, accessed November 12, 2016 .
- ↑ Kai von Appen: patient data passed on. In: Taz. May 4, 2015, accessed November 12, 2016 .
- ↑ Free Alliance of State Associations (FALK). FALK-KVen via KV Bayern, accessed on October 6, 2012 .
- ↑ FALK celebrates its first birthday: Important impulses for outpatient care from May 2, 2012 ( Memento from February 11, 2013 in the web archive archive.today )
- ↑ Editorial in Impuls - The Information Journal of the Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians in Bavaria, Issue 3, November 2011. (PDF) KVB, accessed on October 6, 2012 .
- ^ Change of page from Westfalen-Lippe . In: Ärzteblatt . tape 112 , no. 24 , June 12, 2015, p. 1069 ( aerzteblatt.de [PDF; accessed on November 12, 2016]).
- ↑ https://www.aerzteblatt.de/nachrichten/62996/KV-Saarland-wird-sechstes-Mitglied-der-FALK-KVen
- ↑ https://www.aerzteblatt.de/nachrichten/74435/KV-Rheinland-Pfalz-neues-Mitglied-bei-Freier-Allianz-der-Laender-KVen
- ↑ https://www.aerztezeitung.de/politik_gesellschaft/berufspektiven/article/960047/neues-träger-kv-nordrhein-gehoert-jetzt-falk-kven.html
- ↑ Sabine Rieser: The regions are seething . In: Ärzteblatt . tape 108 , no. 33 , August 19, 2011 ( aerzteblatt.de [PDF]).
- ↑ More morbidity - more money! (PDF) November 11, 2011, accessed on November 12, 2016 (press release).
- ↑ LAVA: Same conditions for all regions! January 18, 2012, accessed November 12, 2016 (press release).
- ^ Change of page from Westfalen-Lippe . In: Ärzteblatt . tape 112 , no. 24 , June 12, 2015, p. 1069 ( aerzteblatt.de [PDF; accessed on November 12, 2016]).
- ↑ https://www.aerzteblatt.de/nachrichten/74435/KV-Rheinland-Pfalz-neues-Mitglied-bei-Freier-Allianz-der-Laender-KVen
- ↑ https://www.aerztezeitung.de/politik_gesellschaft/berufspektiven/article/960047/neues-träger-kv-nordrhein-gehoert-jetzt-falk-kven.html
