Golzheim (Düsseldorf)
 district of the state capital Düsseldorf |
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| Basic data | |||
| Geographic location : | 51 ° 15 ′ N , 6 ° 46 ′ E | ||
| Height: | 38 m above sea level | ||
| Surface: | 2.56 km² | ||
| Residents: | 12,702 (December 31, 2016) | ||
| Population density : | 4,962 inhabitants per km² | ||
| District: | District 1 | ||
| District number: | 016 | ||
| Transport links | |||
| Bundesstrasse : |
  
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| Light rail : | U 78 U 79 | ||
| Express bus: | SB 51 | ||
| Bus route: | 721 722 729 756 758 834 863 M 2 | ||
Golzheim is north of downtown on the Rhine situated district of Dusseldorf . The district of Golzheim is part of district 1 .
geography
Golzheim has an area of 2.56 km², on which currently (December 2016) around 12,700 people live. The population density corresponds to 4,962 inhabitants per square kilometer.
Golzheim borders in the west on the Rhine, in the south in the middle of the street Klever Straße on Pempelfort , in the north south of the main axis of the north park on Stockum and in the east along the Roßstraße and Danziger Straße on Derendorf . Golzheim is connected to the districts of Pempelfort and Derendorf by a close settlement context.
The location on the Rhine, the walking distance to the city center as well as the urban mix of spacious green spaces, different urban planning, rather high-quality residential areas and office locations make Golzheim one of the most attractive districts of the state capital. To the south, in the direction of Klever Strasse, the population density of Golzheim increases.
Golzheim hardly shows a life of its own in relation to the city district due to the lack of its own urban center; The local supply takes place largely via the easily accessible central supply area on Nordstrasse in Pempelfort , which has an extremely wide and deep equipment with regard to this function. The 24-hectare Rheinpark Golzheim is - not only for the residents of Golzheim, Pempelfort and Derendorf - as a people 's park on the banks of the Rhine, a popular and highly frequented meeting place for all population groups and thus temporarily a center of social life, especially in summer and during leisure time.
The population of the district has a relatively high level of education and income. Unemployment and social problems occur below average.
Golzheim is of particular importance as an administrative, trade fair, university, consular and hotel location. The district has supra-local centrality as the seat of the following administrations: Ministry for Climate Protection, Environment, Agriculture, Nature and Consumer Protection of the State of North Rhine-Westphalia , State Office Information and Technology North Rhine-Westphalia and Regional Directorate North Rhine-Westphalia of the Federal Employment Agency . Golzheim is also the location of the Robert Schumann University of Music and the University of Düsseldorf . The Second German Television maintains its North Rhine-Westphalia state studio in Golzheim. Morocco, the Netherlands, Spain and Turkey have consulates general in Golzheim, while Angola, Estonia, Lithuania and Mauritius have honorary consulates in Golzheim. The high number of jobs and apprenticeships, especially in the local authorities and companies in the legal and tax advice as well as auditing and business advice sectors , gives Golzheim a clear inbound commuter surplus .
Due to the large number of showrooms in the Kaiserswerther Straße area , meaning exhibition rooms for clothing items and clothing accessories with the function of so-called order offices , Golzheim is also an important location for fashion wholesalers , which is frequented by international visitors during the fashion fairs. On both sides of Kennedydamm there are also important office locations in the state capital, which relieve the city center in central local functions according to the urban planning principle of decentralized concentration (→ relief center ). The Sky-Office , an 89 m high office tower built according to a design by Christoph Ingenhoven , makes the Kennedydamm office location visible from afar in the urban landscape of Düsseldorf.
As the New Düsseldorf Synagogue and the State Capital's Jewish Primary School are located in Golzheim, this district forms the center of the Düsseldorf Jewish community .
history
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The oldest settlement remains in the urban area were found in Golzheim and Stockum . Nevertheless, there was hardly any denser settlement on Golzheimer Grund for a long time. Golzheim is mentioned in a document from the 11th century. This is a pension register of the monastery of Kaiserswerth, in which the many benefices are listed and their allocation is given. For today's urban area, the list drawn up in Latin lists the areas gotholveshem (Golzheim), stockum (Stockum) and therenthorpe (Derendorf).
On April 4, 1384 the Honschaft Golzheim ("Gottelsheim") - at the same time as Derendorf and Bilk - was subordinated to the city of Düsseldorf, its administration and jurisdiction by Duke Wilhelm I von Berg , although it was always outside the city walls. In the middle of the 16th century there were only 58 inhabitants in Golzheim and Derendorf. In 1512 the municipal windmill was built in Golzheim and operated there for almost a hundred years. The Düsseldorf execution site has been demonstrable in Golzheim territory since 1604. In 1630 the gallows was moved to Pempelfort due to the risk of flooding . In 1660, the oldest church in Golzheim was the St. Joseph Chapel on the corner of Kaiserswerther Strasse and Uerdinger Strasse. It did not have the status of a parish church, but was only a branch of the Derendorf parish church. At the end of the 18th century Golzheim was still characterized by rural areas and only sporadically settled until the beginning of the 20th century. Even an upswing in Bört shipping , which occurred as a result of a water customs regulation in 1828 and which led to Golzheim becoming an important transshipment point on the Rhine for the transport of Bergisch goods to Holland, did little to change this. One of the most remarkable buildings erected up to the 20th century was the upper-class "Villa Leiffmann", which the banker Moritz Leiffmann had built at the end of the 19th century by the art academy professor Adolf Schill on a plot of land near the Rhine north of the village of Golzheim.
Large-scale and coherent development on the basis of overall urban planning did not start until shortly before the First World War and envisaged for Golzheim an increasingly relaxed residential development towards the north based on the garden city scheme , while in the south the block perimeter development with multi-storey buildings and largely developed around 1900 The inner courtyards used for horticulture predominated and seamlessly linked to the urban structures of Pempelfort in the rectangular city plan . The Düsseldorf-Duisburger Kleinbahn , which has been in operation since 1899, made a significant contribution to the traffic development of the new development . However, the areas on both sides of today's Kennedy dam remained until well after the Second World War, still undeveloped, so here is a urban and transport planning in the 1950s and 1960s under the leadership of Friedrich Tamms in the spirit of the Charter of Athens as well as the idea of car-friendly city development of an administration and office location to relieve the city. In order to accelerate the car traffic in the north of the city and to relieve the Kaiserswerther Straße, the Kennedydamm was built at this time as an arterial road, initially free of cultivation, in the manner of an urban motorway. This new main artery, which was extended in the direction of the airport and the northern parts of the city with Danziger Strasse, was connected to the load ring largely without intersections by tunnels and bridges. Another landmark of these urban developments is the brutalist high-rise building called Sternhaus , which dominates the intersection of Kennedydamm, Kaiserswerther Strasse, Homberger Strasse and Fischerstrasse as well as the silhouette of the district. Golzheim is thus an area of the city in which different phases of urban development in Düsseldorf are particularly striking and have left numerous interesting traces in individual buildings, facilities, ensembles, breaks and turning points.
At the beginning of the 19th century, on the basis of a plan by the Düsseldorf court gardener Maximilian Friedrich Weyhe, the Golzheimer Friedhof was created on the river dune along the Rhine , which is one of the most important cemetery complexes of the 19th century in the Rhineland. Famous citizens of the city of Düsseldorf are buried in the cemetery, including Maximilian Friedrich Weyhe, Wilhelm von Schadow , the founder of the Düsseldorf School of Painting , and the playwright Carl Leberecht Immermann . The northern part of the cemetery belongs to Golzheim, while the part south of Klever Straße belongs to Pempelfort. Originally the cemetery was undivided; It was not divided until Klever Strasse was laid out at the beginning of the 20th century.
At the beginning of the 20th century, the construction of Cecilienallee began as a boulevard on the Rhine. It was named after Cecilie von Mecklenburg-Schwerin , the last Crown Princess of the German Empire. The street begins in the south - still in the Pempelfort district - with the palatial neo-baroque administrative buildings of the Düsseldorf district government (architect: Traugott von Saltzwedel ) and the Düsseldorf Higher Regional Court (architects: Paul Thoemer and Heinrich Quast). The first building in the Golzheim part of Cecilienallee, the small palace at Cecilienallee 4, formerly the seat of the presidents of the Higher Regional Court, now the seat of the Düsseldorf branch of the Berenberg Bank , is also built in the neo-baroque style and testifies to the need for representation of Wilhelminism .
The Prussian administration buildings that arose on Cecilienallee at the beginning of the 20th century provided significant impetus for the urban development of Golzheim. These settlements were accompanied by the planning of spacious streets and green spaces. In 1906, the Kaiser Wilhelm Park , today's Rheinpark Golzheim , was laid out on the west side of Cecilienallee according to a design by Düsseldorf gardening director Walter von Engelhardt . A little later, for the urban development of the new bourgeois residential quarters in the preferred north of the city, the elegant, boulevard-like streets of Klever Strasse and Clever Platz , today Kolpingplatz, were constructed . The apartment buildings of historicism , art nouveau and reform architecture , which were created in many variations during the building boom between around 1890 and 1914, especially in the perimeter block development in the south of Golzheim, are characteristic of residential construction at this time .
In the 1920s and 1930s, the residential buildings in the style of Brick Expressionism and New Building , which are also significant for the townscape of Golzheim, were built . To this day, they mainly characterize Kaiserswerther Straße and Golzheimer Platz, but also sections of Klever Straße , Zietenstraße , Mauerstraße , Schwerinstraße, Lützowstraße, Cecilienallee and Uerdinger Straße in the area of the Theodor-Heuss-Brücke .
On May 26, 1923, the German free corps fighter Albert Leo Schlageter was executed on the Golzheimer Heide . The later martyr figure of the National Socialists was sentenced to death by a French court martial on May 7, 1923 for acts of sabotage against the French occupation forces during the Ruhr occupation . The National Socialists planned a gigantic Gauforum with monumental buildings and parade areas between the Schlageter National Monument , erected in 1931, to commemorate the resistance fighter, and the Golzheim cemetery . The Schlageter monument was blown up after the Second World War in 1946. In the same place, on the edge of the north cemetery, the monumental monument Drei Norns was inaugurated in 1958 in memory of the victims and persecuted of the tyranny.
As part of the Empire Exhibition Working People was Schlageter settlement south of the North Parkes , now village Golzheim , is hereby established. The Schlageter settlement was conceived as a kind of village community of different classes and professions, and with strict supervision of planning and construction, the desired uniformity in design was guaranteed. A return to old, Lower Rhine townscapes were formulated as specifications for builders and architects (down-to-earth, landscape-adapted construction) in order to create an urban whole. Eight model houses served as a model in terms of size, dimensions, structure and material. Different house types were developed in order to exemplify the house for industrial workers, short-time workers, employees, intellectual workers and artists. The entire settlement was finally developed to adapt to these model houses. A total of 84 single-family houses, including the eight model houses and ten artist houses, an artist community center with a total of twelve studios and an exhibition room as well as a commercial building with three shops and an inn at the central point of the settlement, the village green (today Albert-von-Hagen-Platz), built. Today the Golzheim artists' settlement is located here with Franz-Jürgens-Straße.
Because of the considerable increase in the population in the first half of the 20th century, it became necessary to found the first parish church on Golzheim soil. This was the St. Albertus Magnus Basilica on Kaiserswerther Strasse, which was built in 1938 according to a design by the architect Franz Schneider , inaugurated in 1939 and only completed in 1974.
With the construction of the Theodor Heuss Bridge , Germany's first cable-stayed bridge , Golzheim was connected to the Niederkassel district on the left bank of the Rhine in 1957 . This bridge over the Rhine had become necessary in order to guide the rapidly increasing car traffic from the west onto the so-called load ring and into the city center.
From the 1960s onwards , numerous office and administrative buildings as well as hotels and educational institutions were built in largely open, multi-storey construction on both sides of Kennedydamm, which during this time had been expanded like a motorway as part of a main traffic axis running between the airport and the city center . Here you can also find the Düsseldorf University of Applied Sciences , the German headquarters of the leading cosmetics manufacturer L'Oréal , the former headquarters of the DGB and Degussa , the Evangelical Church in the Rhineland , the Hilton - and the Radisson-SAS hotel.
Between 1951 and 1952, the cable industry has been designed by the Association Helmut Hentrich and Hans Heuser at the Kaiserswertherstrasse the wire house built, which is to be regarded as one of the early and pioneering office buildings of the 1950s. From 1957 to 1961 Paul Schneider-Esleben built a new type of elementary school at Rolandstrasse 40 , an ensemble of pavilions in the architectural language of the Bauhaus . The skyscraper of the State Office for Data Processing and Statistics of the State of North Rhine-Westphalia was built in the 1970s on the former barracks of the Royal Prussian 2nd Westphalian Hussar Regiment No. 11 between Mauerstrasse and Roßstrasse , based on designs by the architect Gottfried Böhm . Today this facility is called Landesbetrieb Information und Technik Nordrhein-Westfalen . What is remarkable about the high-rise is the use of rusting steel as a facade material. Between 1993 and 1998, the new administration building of the then state-owned IKB Deutsche Industriebank was built on the site of an abandoned school on Uerdinger Strasse . The rather monumental and massive looking building, the seat of the Düsseldorf branch of the Landesbank Hessen-Thüringen since September 2013 , shows echoes of neoclassicism .
In the west of Danziger Strasse, large-scale residential buildings were built for the British occupation forces based on the garden city principle at the end of the 1950s . Up until the 1990s, the British operated an intensive infrastructure here: supermarket, cinema, school, sports facilities, casinos. A remnant of the British stamping of Golzheim was the grand residence of the British Consul General on the Rhine for a long time. This residential building at Rotterdamer Strasse 65, which he has since abandoned, dates from 1926 and was designed by the German architect and university professor Josef Kleesattel .
A remarkable testimony to the Bauhaus architecture of the post-war period is the former Consulate General of the United States of America , which was built as a steel and glass construction on Cecilienallee by the global architecture firm Skidmore, Owings and Merrill . The former consulate of Switzerland, which was designed by the German architect Hans Schwippert in a solid, block-like shape similar to a safe, is one of the architectural sights of Cecilienallee.
Fair history
Because of the generous amount of space available, Golzheim was an ideal location for the large industrial, commercial and art exhibition as early as 1902 . Since then, Golzheim has established itself as a trade fair location. In 1926 the exhibition for health care, health care and physical exercise , GeSoLei for short , took place there, and in 1937 the National Socialist Reich Exhibition Schaffendes Volk . The Rhine front from the Ehrenhof and the Rhine terraces via the Rheinpark Golzheim to the settlement Golzheim and the Nordpark owes its shape to these exhibitions. Until the construction of the new trade fair in 1971 in the Stockum district near the airport , Golzheim and Pempelfort were the locations of Messe Düsseldorf . In the 1970s, for example, the Igedo and a radio exhibition took place here.
Economy and Infrastructure
Golzheim is one of the most important office locations in the city. In particular, agencies, fashion companies, law firms, numerous consulates, the technical college and large hotels have settled in Golzheim. The exhibition center and airport are not far. The district has two harbors, the marina with the Düsseldorf Yacht Club and the Düsseldorf Canoe Club on Rotterdamer Strasse and the sports port with houseboats on Robert-Lehr-Ufer.
The Rheinpark Golzheim is the meeting place for many, especially sporty, ambitious Düsseldorfers . Directly on the banks of the Rhine, this spacious Volkspark , characterized by large meadows, is a popular promenade , and at times also a venue for circuses and open-air cinema. To the south and north, the promenades with bike and footpaths continue into the neighboring districts, the most prominent of which is the Rhine embankment promenade in the districts of Altstadt, Carlstadt and Unterbilk. On the northern edge of Golzheim is the extensive north park with the Löbbecke Museum / Aquazoo . South of the Rheinpark - already located in the neighboring Pempelfort - are the Rheinterrassen, an ensemble of meeting places of the state capital, as well as the so-called Ehrenhof with the Museum Kunstpalast and the NRW-Forum Kultur und Wirtschaft . The Tonhalle , which functions primarily as the concert hall of the Düsseldorf Symphony Orchestra , is also located at this cultural forum .
With regard to the supply of everyday goods, Golzheim only has a minimal supply in the area of the Theodor-Heuss-Brücke. Therefore, the residential areas of Golzheim, together with the residential areas of Derendorf and Pempelfort, are oriented towards the supply center on Nordstrasse, which corresponds to a medium-sized city, and towards the center of Düsseldorf.
The transport connection is given in local public transport via the light rail network. South of the district through the Tonhalle stop (U70, U74, U75, U76 and U77) in the directions of Hauptbahnhof , Holthausen , Eller , Krefeld , Meerbusch , Oberkassel , Heerdt and Neuss and in the north at the Klever Straße , Kennedydamm , Golzheimer Platz stops , Theodor-Heuss-Brücke and Nordpark (U78 and U79) in the directions of Hauptbahnhof, Kaiserswerth , Messe and Duisburg . The Theodor-Heuss-Brücke stop offers connections to bus connections in many directions (airport, Kaarst, etc.).
Golzheim can be reached by car in the south through the Rheinufertunnel , in the north over the Kennedydamm (expressway from Duisburg, extension of the A 59 / B 8, motorway junction Messe / Stockum) from the west over the Theodor-Heuss-Brücke (B 8, extension the A 52) and connected to the trunk road network in an easterly direction via Heinrichstraße in the direction of Mörsenbroicher Ei .
In a large part of Golzheim, driving unauthorized vehicles without a particulate matter sticker is no longer allowed: From mid-February 2009, the Düsseldorf environmental zone has been set up for Golzheim east of Bundesstrasse 1 , the Johannstrasse, Kennedydamm, Homberger Strasse and Cecilienallee lines.
The Golzheimer Rheinufer is part of the transnational Rhine Cycle Path ( D-Route 8), which leads from the source to the mouth of the Rhine. Within this cycle tourism designation, the Golzheimer Ufer represents a section of the Rheinschiene adventure trail . Another regional cycle path running there is the pilgrim route (D-route D7). This route leads from Flensburg to Aachen. All routes mentioned are part of the NRW cycling network .
Current plans
Framework planning by the state capital Düsseldorf provides for further developments for the office locations on both sides of Kennedydamm. The framework plan for high-rise development in Düsseldorf states that the area is still suitable as a high-rise development area and as a focus of office workplaces. Another master plan, the Golzheim-Süd project management plan, formulates more detailed urban planning guidelines. These guidelines, which form a basis for development plans and property planning, aim to steer investment pressure in urban development and to protect certain open spaces, the cityscape and other environmental factors.
As the largest traffic royal infrastructure project in the rail Dusseldorf for the district Golzheim the extension of the stands downtown tunnel to the U78 and U79 north between the current tunnel ramp at Fischerstraße and a planned new tunnel ramp of the Theodor Heuss bridge, called the tunnel Kennedydamm . This measure, which is shown in the local transport plan of the city of Düsseldorf, would accelerate the tram traffic, relieve the Kaiserswerther Strasse from above-ground tram traffic in this section and with it the construction of new, handicapped accessible subway stations in the areas of Kennedydamm / Sternhaus and Theodor-Heuss-Brücke bring.
More Attractions
- Visitor canal in Erwin-von-Witzleben-Strasse, disused sewer with a length of 176 m, which can be viewed and used as a film set
- Old Golzheim cemetery
- Rheinpark Golzheim
See also
Individual evidence
- ^ Office for statistics and elections of the state capital Düsseldorf: Statistics for the district 016 - Golzheim
- ↑ OpenStreetMap / Relation / Golzheim (91062) . Retrieved August 2, 2009.
- ↑ Theodor Joseph Lacomblet, in: Document book for the history of the Lower Rhine or the Archbishopric of Cologne, documents 257 , 1840, volume 1, 779 to 1200, p. [182] 126.
- ^ Text of the certificate in: JF Wilhelmi: Panorama of Düsseldorf and its surroundings. JHC Schreiner'sche Buchhandlung, Düsseldorf 1828, p. 137
- ^ C. Schmitz: Commerce and Industry of the City of Düsseldorf . In: Contributions to the history of the Lower Rhine . Volume 3, Düsseldorf 1888, p. 484 ( digitized version )
- ↑ Falk Wiesemann: Steep rise in the upper middle class. The Villa Leiffmann in Düsseldorf . In: Kalymnos . Articles on German-Jewish history from the Salomon-Ludwig-Steinheim-Institut, 3rd year 2000, extra sheet, p. 23, PDF file, accessed on the steinheim-institut.de portal on December 23, 2013
- ↑ Contribution to Villa Leiffmann ( Memento of the original from December 24, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. in the portal schaffendesvolk.sellerie.de (Stefanie Schäfers: Vom Werkbund zum Vierjahresplan. The exhibition Schaffendes Volk, Düsseldorf 1937. In: Sources and research on the history of the Lower Rhine. Ed. by the Düsseldorfer Geschichtsverein, Volume 4 = Contributions by the Research Center for Architectural History and Monument Preservation of the Bergische Universität - Gesamtthochschule Wuppertal, Volume XI, Droste Verlag, Düsseldorf 2001, ISBN 3-7700-3045-1 ), accessed on December 23, 2013
- ^ Paul Ernst Wentz: Architecture Guide Düsseldorf , Droste Verlag, Düsseldorf 1975, object no. 34
- ^ Paul Ernst Wentz: Architecture Guide Düsseldorf , Droste Verlag, Düsseldorf 1975, object no. 40
- ^ Holger Rescher: brick architecture of the 1920s in Düsseldorf . Dissertation Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn 2001, p. 129 ( PDF ( Memento from February 28, 2014 in the Internet Archive ))
- ↑ http://www.kunstduesseldorf.de/tag/kunstlersiedlung-golzheim/
- ↑ The unique street of the artists The unique street of the artists - WAZ.de
- ^ Paul Ernst Wentz: Architecture Guide Düsseldorf , Droste Verlag, Düsseldorf 1975, object no. 35
- ^ Paul Ernst Wentz: Architecture Guide Düsseldorf , Droste Verlag, Düsseldorf 1975, object no. 33
- ↑ State capital Düsseldorf / City Planning Office: Framework plan "High-rise development Düsseldorf"
- ^ State capital Düsseldorf / City Planning Office: Framework plan Golzheim Süd
- ↑ This is Düsseldorf's scariest place . Article from July 26, 2014 in the derwesten.de portal , accessed on July 26, 2014
Web links
| District 1 |
Old town | Carlstadt | Derendorf | Golzheim | Pempelfort | City center |
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| District 2 | ||
| District 3 |
Bilk | Supplication | Friedrichstadt | Port | Hamm | Oberbilk | Unterbilk | Volmerswerth |
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| District 4 |
Heerdt | Loerick | Niederkassel | Oberkassel |
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| District 5 |
Angermund | Kaiserswerth | Calcum | Lohausen | Stockum | Wittlaer |
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| District 6 | ||
| District 7 |
Gerresheim | Grafenberg | Hubbelrath | Knittkuhl | Ludenberg |
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| District 8 |
Eller | Lierenfeld | Unterbach | Vennhausen |
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| District 9 |
Benrath | Hassels | Heavenly Spirit | Holthausen | Itter | Rice wood | Urdenbach | Wersten |
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| District 10 |