Unterrath

Unterrath district of the state capital Düsseldorf
Basic data
Geographic location :	51 ° 16 ′  N , 6 ° 47 ′  E Coordinates: 51 ° 16 ′  N , 6 ° 47 ′  E
Surface:	4.45 km²
Residents:	21,746 (December 31, 2016)
Population density :	4,887 inhabitants per km²
Incorporation :	1909
District:	District 6
District number:	062
Transport links
Autobahn :
S-Bahn :	S 1 S 11
Tram :	705 707
Bus route:	721 722 729 730 760 776 896 M 1
Night traffic:	NE 1 NE 2 807 810

Unterrath is a district in the north of the inner periphery of Düsseldorf .

geography

Unterrath is located in the Rhineland or in the historical territory of the Bergisches Land .

Unterrath borders on the other districts of Lohausen , Lichtenbroich , Rath , Mörsenbroich , Derendorf and Stockum (clockwise from the north). The corresponding peripheral border is largely formed by the streets Flughafenstraße, Kieshecker Weg, Lichtenbroicher Weg, Theodorstraße, A 52 / B 1, Höxterweg, An der Piwipp, Thewissenweg, Deikerstraße and Am Roten Haus. The Kittelbach, an arm of the northern Düssel, crosses the district in a northerly direction .

District description

Unterrath is a district in transition. While Unterrath was previously a predominantly residential district for the older population, a reorientation has taken place in recent years. Terraced and semi-detached houses as well as detached single-family houses predominate. Older buildings are often found. The district is loosened up by numerous small green areas, which can be clearly seen in aerial photographs. The average age of the population is 45 years and 5 months (2007), 2 years and 3 months above that of the entire city. At 10.58%, the proportion of foreigners is lower compared to the city-wide proportion (17.19%). A high proportion of the population commutes to other parts of the city or cities to work. New buildings, office districts and commercial areas are being built on the major roads, the inward and outward roads in the north. So too has the complex of Dusseldorf Airport from Lohausen extended to Unterrath. The Unterrather Friedhof is on Unterrather Strasse.

history

Prehistory, antiquity

Finds of artifacts point to the fauna of the Ice Age around 14,000 years ago, 5,000 years of cultural history in the north of Düsseldorf, early settlements in the Iron Age and Celtic conquests . In prehistoric times, this area was shaped by the Rhine as a forest and quarry landscape . The latter was founded on the one hand in the meandering of the Rhine around its current bed in an easterly direction as far as the Aaper forest . In the valley floor of today's Kittelbach, for example, an arm of the river ran. On the other hand, the Rhine repeatedly caused floods or ice drifts , which led to heavy flooding. In Roman - Germanic times the area, which is very rich in game, was used for hunting expeditions. This is where the Tenkerites stayed, who later became part of the tribal conglomerate of the Rhine Franks .

middle Ages

Volkardey manor around 1860,Alexander Dunckercollection

First explicit documentary mention finds nor uniform "Rath" said territory in 1072 by the transfer of the fief of the former Reichsministerialen Guntram in the "villa Rothe" as property by the Salian King Henry IV to the pin Kaiserswerth . Since 910 Unterrath, the core of the former honor "Rath", was in the county of Konrad in Eastern Franconia . Already in a donation from the last Carolingian king of this empire, Ludwig the child of 904, duas hobas regales zu Mettmann are called. The “second royal court” is “Rath”. The deed also shows that the place was already wealthy to the Kaiserswerth monastery. This royal court or Fronhof "Rath" was built long before it was first mentioned in a document, before it was taken over by Charlemagne , during the second Franconian conquest .

The settlement initially served in the Franconian Empire in the midst of a large forest area in Austrasia to defend against the Saxons living on the other side of the Aaper forest and formed the nucleus of today's Unterrath. The royal court and the surrounding forest were imperial property. Imperial property could not be sold. The name "Rothe" (today "-rath") indicates that the original settlement was probably created by clearing , possibly during the intensive clearing period from around 500 to around 800. Moths appeared around the royal court in the first half of the Middle Ages . In “Rath” these were on the one hand dependent noble courts, including the “Great Castle”, “Haus Hain”, “Heiligendonk”, the “Volkardey”, “Kürten” “Gather” and the “Hoferhof”. These knight seats later became farms on which tenants lived. In addition to the noble courts, there were also free courts such as the " Alte Burg " and the " Ickter Hof ". 1248 gave King William the Earl von Berg the court "Rode" to pledge fiefdom . This began the rule of the Bergisch counts and dukes . "Rath" was initially the highest main courtyard of all courtyards on this side of the Wupper and was later administered by the Angermund office. From the office's register of 1620 on the delivery in kind of the “Grevenhühner” it emerges that the “HondAGE Rade” consisted of 28 houses at that time. If one reckons with an average of six residents per house that is subject to treasure , then around 168 people should have lived in the town of Rath at the beginning of the 17th century. The royal court went under in the Thirty Years War . Street names such as “Am Königshof” remind us of these courtyards.

Modern times

King Heinrich VII allowed the monastery to build a chapel in Rath, which was consecrated in 1224 . Previously, the area religiously belonged to the now destroyed St. Walburgis Church in Kaiserswerth. The chapel was replaced by a small church in 1673; In 1694 the picture “Our Lady in Need” was placed there, which later gave the community its name. Not far away, the first and, until 1856, only school for the children of the community was built a little later at the corner of today's Kürtenstrasse and Lichtenbroicher Weg. Right next to the royal court that was probably coincided with the Rather Chapel of Emperor Frederick II. Donated Düsseldorf's oldest monastery "Maria Not" the recluses , which is 1347 first mentioned and later the Franciscan Inne North joined. As a result of the effects of the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss , the chapel in Rath received the status of a parish church in 1811 . In close proximity, the " Daughters of the Holy Cross " initially ran a teaching and educational institution for girls from 1857 to 1875 and then built the St. Josef House for mentally and physically handicapped people in 1881, which still exists today .

Carthusian monastery memorial in Unterrath

In 1869 the former noble manor "Haus Hain", which belonged to the courtyards of the royal court, became the property of the Carthusian monks, who expanded it into the monastery of Carthusian monastery Maria Hain . It was the first new settlement of the Carthusian Order on German soil. The foundation stone for today's church Maria unter dem Kreuz was laid in November 1870 and after its consecration in 1873 the old "Rather Church" was laid down. Until 1898 it was the only church in Unterrath. As the population grew, the community of believers was elevated to a parish in 1905 . Unterrath was in the time of French rule under 1808 Napoleon's brother Murat the Mairie Eckamp in Arrondissement , later district affiliated, Dusseldorf, 1899 independent mayoralty and was incorporated in 1909 to Dusseldorf by transfer agreement. The area of ​​the rural community "Rath" was much larger than today's district. Parts were already assigned to neighboring communities in the course of the incorporation to Düsseldorf, but also later. The city ​​district 6 corresponds roughly to the extent of the original "Rath". The name 'Unterrath', which is already popular in the vernacular, is documented in the new version of the statutes of the 'St. Sebastianus Schützenbruderschaft 'of October 22, 1845 and was recorded as the name of the Unterrath station on the railway line between Derendorf and Kalkum on the main line of the Cologne-Mindener railway for the district, which was built in 1891 thanks to the efforts of pastor Franz Schauten, who was introduced in 1888 .

economy

AirportCity office area

Major employers are the Mercedes-Benz plant in the neighboring districts , Düsseldorf Airport , municipal wholesale market , Vallourec (formerly Mannesmann ), Hoberg & Driesch , E-Plus , ISS and Theodor Park with the ISS Dome . There are a large number of companies in their vicinity that are directly or indirectly connected to them. The Rheinische Sparkassen- und Giroverband has had its headquarters on Parsevalstrasse since 2017. Löwensenf is also a well-known employer . The direct connection to Düsseldorf Airport results in a further location advantage for many of these companies. The Airport City, which is being built on a former barracks area, should also be mentioned . Here you can find the Maritim Hotel Düsseldorf, the Genossenschaftsverband - Association of Regions , Sonepar Germany , the Association of German Engineers and a branch of the Siemens company health insurance fund . The retail trade is mainly located in the Kalkumerstrasse and Unterrather Strasse area. The offer is essentially geared towards the daily needs of the population.

Culture and art

Monuments

The Düsseldorf sculptor Karl-Heinz Klein created a series of objects on the history of the district in collaboration with the Unterrath-Lichtenbroich citizens' association. The folklore fountain was inaugurated in 1964 near the church of St. Maria under the cross. Four bronze panels with relief representations are arranged around a column made of Flossenbürger granite . Of the more than 100 figures, the depictions of the “Hahnenköpper” (southern panel) and the “Schinkenklopfer” (northern panel) are particularly noteworthy. A monument erected in 1994 in the Kittelbach Landscape Park commemorates the Carthusian monastery of Hain . The Charterhouse of the Order of Silence stood not far from this point until it was demolished in 1964. For almost 100 years the monks did good for the Unterrath population and were a familiar sight in their white robes. The ensemble consists of a plate, which shows the monastery as a model, and a 2.20 m statue, which represents a Carthusian monk. The installation is complemented by a bronze plaque that refers to the Carthusian monks at various locations in the district. It shows monks giving apples to children. A bronze relief in the inner courtyard of a residential complex has been reminiscent of the early medieval fortifications "Königshof Rath" .

The memorial for Pastor Beckers can be found on Heinefeldplatz . In 1934 the rectorate "Golzheimer Heide", initially dependent on St. Bruno, was founded. In what is now the Unterrath district, the much larger heath stretched between Thewissenweg, Deikerstraße, Eckenerstraße and Kalkumer Straße as a continuous sandy area. From the second half of the twenties, homeless families had settled on the southern edge . They moved into the barracks and ammunition stores that were still standing , which the Belgians and French had built here during the occupation of the Ruhr from 1921 to 1925, as well as earth huts and sheds. This is how the “wild settlement Heinefeld”, known far beyond the borders of Düsseldorf, came about because of its inadequate hygienic conditions and the poverty of the people. The “Op de Held” population grew rapidly. Kaplan Matthias Beckers from Mönchengladbach was appointed the first rector on February 20, 1934. The plaque of the memorial reminds of the entry and the practical help by Beckers for the marginalized people living there, to whom u. a. many Sinti belonged. For his public partisanship, the National Socialists banned him from preaching and staying. Beckers was captured, expelled and banished by the Gestapo in 1940 . After the end of the war Beckers returned and was solemnly introduced as the rectorate pastor in his church in Heinefeld on August 12, 1945, the first pastor of which he became in 1951 after the elevation to the canonical parish of the Holy Family . Pastor Beckers retired on December 31, 1975; he died on February 8, 1985.

Buildings and architecture

St. Maria under the cross in Unterrath

The Church of Mary under the Cross was originally designed in a neo-Gothic style . The building was designed by architect August Rincklake running to and from the Sept. 14, 1873 Cologne Auxiliary Bishop Friedrich Baudri consecrated . In September 2013 the congregation celebrated the 140th anniversary of the church in a festive mass for the patronage . In 1930/31 the original facility from the 19th century was extensively rebuilt by the architect Paul Sültenfuß . The widening of the main nave and transepts gave it a character similar to that of a central building , which was emphasized again by the post-conciliar redesign in 1976 by the architect Heinrich Dölken. A special feature is that the state is responsible for the upkeep of the church, and the parish and archdiocese of the church tower are responsible for it. This is due to the fact that, due to its duty of patronage , the state only wanted to pay for the new building of the church without a tower, because the old "Rather Church" did not have a tower either. Therefore, the community paid for the construction of the tower itself and for its maintenance to this day. Contrary to the usual arrangement, the organ is in the front left of the altar and the choir is really the room of the choir. The church's special furnishings include the choir stalls (1620) and a pietà (dated to the beginning of the 16th century), known as the Unterrath image of grace , which belonged to the Franciscan monastery. Legend has it that the Pietà was a gift from Emperor Henry VII . The church tower was included in the lighting master plan of the city of Düsseldorf, which distinguishes it as a special building in Düsseldorf.

One of the oldest buildings in the district is the house at Unterrather Str. 56. As evidenced by the wall anchors on the east facade , it was erected in 1784 and is one of the last remnants of the former village and rural settlement. The house is a characteristic type of residential building in a courtyard, only a few examples of which are similarly well preserved in Düsseldorf. The common name of the house Klinke goes back to the name of the old estate belonging to Johann Inhofen , to which the house belonged in the eighteenth century and from which the well-known Unterrath restaurant later emerged. Due to its location in a large intersection, the square in front of the house was a central meeting point for the district and is still of great importance for local customs. The houses at Am Klosterhof 6 and 10 were built during the same period. The latter with the number 1710 on the doorstep is known as the "Villa Causen". They belonged to the former Franciscan monastery and later served (partially) as an administrative building for the textile manufacturer Friedrich von Diergardt .

The tallest building in the district is 85 meters high and was built in 2002 by the German air traffic operated airport control tower at the Tower Street. It is the highest control tower in Germany. A special architectural feature is the operating room installed under the tower pulpit. It is attached to a cantilevered truss construction on consoles on the monolithic concrete shaft head and an external suspension attached to it. As a result, the room on level 10 appears to be floating freely.

• See also: List of architectural monuments in Unterrath
• See also: List of sacred buildings in Düsseldorf

Art in public space

Sculpture "Reading" at the library in Unterrath

In the tradition of the art city Düsseldorf , a number of works of art can be seen in the district .

The pylon can be found in a loop on Kalkumer Strasse on the north-western edge of the district . The object created by Max Kratz in 1962 as a trade fair symbol is 36 meters high and weighs 30 tons. It originally stood in front of the old exhibition hall and town hall on Fischerstraße and was erected in front of the Rhein-Ruhr airport after it was demolished in 1994. The sculpture, popularly known as Radschläger , is now supposed to symbolize air traffic. The wall relief at the Lesende district library was also created by Kratz . It was attached to the former main library on Berliner Allee from 1957 to 1985 . The inscription reads “Knowledge and Joy Help and Consolation”.

The bronze sculpture byGretel Gemmert,swaying child,acquired by the city in 1956, has beenlying in a green plantationat Unterrather Strasse 163 since 1984 on a base made of shell limestone.

At the suggestion of the headmaster at the time, Hans Funk , Anatol created the ring talk together with students in 1980 on the grounds of the municipal secondary school Kartause-Hain on Borbecker Straße . The term “ring talk” goes back to a teaching method by Joseph Beuys , whose master class he was. The names of the children involved are carved into the bricks. In the middle of the table there is a small boulder with the image of a sleeping baby, which should provide the basic topic of the conversations at this table.

In the front garden of the private house, Eckenerstr. 29 the shell limestone sculpture "Looking up" can be seen on a base. It is not known by whom the sculpture, which dates back to the 1920s, originates, but its execution is reminiscent of the groups of planets at the Tonhalle by Carl Moritz Schreiner .

KG Unterrather Sparks blue-yellow

regional customs

The Unterrath "Hahnekirmes" takes place annually around September 20th on the Schützenplatz and traditionally represents the last shooting festival of the Düsseldorf shooting year. The name is derived from the former custom of a dead cock at the fair with its head down in a basket hanging with no bottom. Tied to a rope and stretched between two stakes, young boys were called upon to cut off the cock's head while blindfolded. The winner was allowed to keep the rooster. Today, as elsewhere, shooting is taking place for the marksman's honor.

The "Unterrather-Funken Blau-Gelb" carnival society, founded on March 18, 1950, has a real folk carnival far into the Ruhr area and organizes four carnival sessions each year in the "TuS Düsseldorf-Nord" restaurant, one for men (since 1959) and one Ladies (also since 1959), a children's session and the large “ Retematäng session” (since 1960, renamed Retematäng 1972). In addition, the association is represented annually on the Düsseldorf Rose Monday procession with two cars. The Unterrather carnival society "Elf vom Dorp" was founded on February 11, 1929. In addition to many foolish events, the " bivouac " is held in the open air in the courtyard of the Kartause-Hain-Schule .

The Bürgererverein Ongerod eV was entered in the commercial register on February 10, 2011. As the youngest club in the Düsseldorf district, it is now highly regarded and has become an integral part of Unterrath. The citizens' association has been the official sponsor of the playground on the Golzheimer Heide since summer 2011 and holds an annual festival there.

traffic

Unterrath is very conveniently located in terms of transport. On its northern edge there is a traffic junction of great importance for Düsseldorf as well as near and distant regions. Düsseldorf Airport , located in Lohausen , is directly connected to Unterrath. There are access roads to the A 44 , A 52 / B 1 and B 8 . In the district, the A 44 runs partially through the airport tunnel . From the S-Bahn station Unterrath , located at the Cologne-Duisburg railway , you can reach in a direct way the Dusseldorf railway stations Central Station and the airport , and immediately the smaller airport train station airport terminal . The local public transport of the Rheinbahn provides access to the district as part of the VRR, in addition to other lines, mainly by trams 705/707 and the bus lines M1, 729, 730 and 760.

Sports

An indoor swimming pool as well as five sports fields and gyms can be found in the district. The Unterrath district sports facility is located at Ammerweg 16. The sports club Düsseldorf-Unterrath 1912/24 eV, the gymnastics and sports club Düsseldorf Nord , as well as the Düsseldorfer Tennisfreunde eV and many hobby teams ensure a wide range of sports. It ranges from soccer to chess. The TuS roller hockey department plays in the Bundesliga. The men's team won the German championship title in 1997 .

literature

• Jost Auler : Archeology between Schwarzbach and Kittelbach. Area survey of the "Honschaft Rath" in the north of Düsseldorf. In: Düsseldorfer Jahrbuch. Vol. 66. Droste, 1995, pp. 23-120. (A detailed treatise from the Paleolithic to the late modern period .)
• Heinz Baumgarten, Monika von Wrisberg: Archive pictures Düsseldorf - Unterrath and Lichtenbroich. Sutton Verlag, Erfurt 2005.
• Ulrich Brzosa: Compassio Beatae Mariae virginis. On the history of the parish Maria under the Cross in Düsseldorf-Unterrath from the origins to the Second World War. In: Düsseldorfer Jahrbuch. Vol. 70. Droste, 1999, ISBN 3-7700-3044-3 , pp. 12-85.
• Guntram Fischer : Rath and Unterrath. A contribution to local history. 2nd Edition. Düsseldorf 1984.
• The last tram or adoration of a mason jar. In: Günter Grass : The tin drum . Hermann Luchterhand Verlag, Neuwied am Rhein 1959, p. 711. (From 1947 to 1951, Grass lived in the Catholic Caritas home in Rath and apparently incorporated autobiographical traits into the novel: Günter Grass in Düsseldorf .)
• Karl-Heinz Klein, Wolfgang Maes, Hans Walter Kivelitz : The fountain in Unterrath. Diederichs, Düsseldorf 1967.
• Sonja Schmitz, Paul Esser: Modern district with a love of tradition. In: Rheinische Post . July 24, 2010, C 6, 7.
• Festschrift 1909–2009. Citizens' Association Unterrath 1909 and Lichtenbroich. Düsseldorf 2009.

Web links

Commons : Düsseldorf-Unterrath  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• The civil association Unterrath / Lichtenbroich
• Hermann Schmitz and the hidden treasures of his neighborhood , Helga Meister, in the Westdeutsche Zeitung
• Rath made Düsseldorf rich , Westdeutsche Zeitung
• www.unterrather-funken.de , KG Unterrather Funken Blau Gelb 1950 eV
• www.ongerod.de , Ongerod Citizens' Association

Individual evidence

1. ^ Office for statistics and elections of the state capital Düsseldorf: Statistics for the district 062 - Unterrath
2. ^ State capital Düsseldorf: Statistical Yearbook 2009, 107th year. Office for Statistics and Elections, Düsseldorf 2009, Rn. 035 062 Unterrath , Rn. 032 The boroughs and neighborhoods as of December 31, 2008 . See also: Relation: Unterrath (91283) in OpenStreetMap .
3. ↑ Unterrath . Website of the state capital Düsseldorf. Retrieved January 8, 2010.
4. ↑ ^{a b} Office for Statistics and Elections of the State Capital Düsseldorf, as of December 2007
5. ↑ View from the SkyTrain along the Kieshecker Weg district boundary in an easterly direction , Dus airport from Wil Brugman.
6. ↑ Julia Brabeck: How Falko found a mammoth. In: Rheinische Post , January 15, 2010, D 4.
7. ^ JAE Heimeshoff: Exhibition "From stone ax to melting furnace - 5,000 years of cultural history in the north of Düsseldorf". In Düsseldorfer Jahrbuch, Vol. 78, pp. 369–370, Droste 2008.
8. ↑ Jost Auler : A yard from the older pre-Roman Iron Age between Düsseldorf and Ratingen. In Düsseldorfer Jahrbuch, Vol. 75, pp. 431–442, Droste 2005.
9. ↑ see: History of the City of Düsseldorf .
10. ↑ Reagalis traditio (Augmentum praebendae). In: Heinrich Kelleter: Document book of the Kaiserswerth monastery, Bonn 1904, here No. 9
11. ^ TJ Lacomblet : Document book for the history of the Lower Rhine . Volume 1, Düsseldorf 1840, p. 45, no.83.
12. ↑ Guntram Fischer, Lohausen and Stockum . Düsseldorf 1989, page 42.
13. ↑ H. Ferber: The manors in the office of Angermund . In contributions to the history of the Lower Rhine , Vol. 7, pp. 105-106, Ed. Lintz, Düsseldorf 1893.
14. ^ Heinz Baumgarten, Monika von Wrisberg: archive pictures Düsseldorf - Unterrath and Lichtenbroich . Sutton Verlag, Erfurt 2005, p. 9.
15. ^ Binding, Günther : The Motte Ickt in Düsseldorf - Unterrath and its position in the Lower Rhine castle architecture , Düsseldorfer Jahrbuch 1966, p. 200f. Guntram Fischer: The excavation of the Ickterhof ramparts. In: Rath and Unterrath. A contribution to local history. P. 82.
16. ^ TJ Lacomblet : Document book for the history of the Lower Rhine . Volume 2, Düsseldorf 1846, p. 171, no. 329.
17. ^ TJ Lacomblet : Document book for the history of the Lower Rhine . Volume 2, Düsseldorf 1846, p. 171, note 2 to no.329.
18. ↑ Every residential building that had to be treasured and from which smoke rose had to deliver " Rauchhühner ", see: Guntram Fischer, Lohausen and Stockum . Düsseldorf 1989, page 86.
19. ↑ H. Ferber: The Grevenhühner in the office of Angermund . In contributions to the history of the Lower Rhine , Vol. 8, pp. 104-108, Ed. Lintz, Düsseldorf 1894.
20. ↑ ordinatio roborata (Capella in Rode). In: Heinrich Kelleter: Document book of the Kaiserswerth Monastery, Bonn 1904, here No. 33
21. ↑ St. Mary under the Cross . History . Website of the Catholic Church Community of the Holy Family Düsseldorf. Retrieved September 15, 2013.
22. ^ Hatto Küffner, Edmund Spohr: Monuments in Düsseldorf . Düsseldorf 1985, Vol. 1, p. 46 Figure 37.
23. ↑ St. Maria unter dem Kreuze - Unterrath - Kürtenstrasse  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. by Georg Wiesemann, in: Catholic, Journal of the Catholic Church Community of the Holy Family, Vol. 4, No. 2, 2008, p. 5.  
24. ↑ Julia Brabeck: Old school should give way. In: Rheinische Post , November 15, 2011, D 4.
25. ^ Düsseldorf timeline, period: around 1300 to 1500 website of the state capital Düsseldorf. Retrieved December 19, 2010.
26. ↑ Markus Eckstein: St. Mary under the cross . In Manfred Becker-Huberti a . a .: Düsseldorf churches. The Catholic churches in the city dean of Düsseldorf. JP Bachem Verlag , Cologne 2009, ISBN 978-3-7616-2219-3 , p. 93.
27. ^ Takeover agreement between the city of Düsseldorf and the rural community of Rath.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 861 kB) In: Festschrift 100 Years of the Citizens' Association. Bürgererverein Unterrath 1909 and Lichtenbroich eV pp. 9–12.  
28. ↑ Rath Mayor's Office.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 191 kB) Bürgererverein Unterrath 1909 and Lichtenbroich eV  
29. ^ Anton Fahne : Presentation of the Justice of the Peace Fahne on the elevation of the municipality of Rath, mayor of Eckamp, ​​to a separate mayor's office. In: Rheinische Zeitung, Düsseldorf, 1854, p. 4 aE
30. ↑ 1429–1924 The story of the common roots ( Memento from December 14, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) by Heinz Baumgarten. Website of the 'St. Sebastianus Schützenbruderschaft Düsseldorf-Unterrath eV '. Retrieved July 24, 2010.
31. ↑ v. Roden, Günther: Contributions to the history of the Honschaft Rath, Düsseldorfer Jahrbuch 1951, p. 187, fn. 9
32. ↑ RSGV: Directions . Retrieved June 29, 2020.
33. ↑ Herbst, Ralf Andreas: The former Honschaft Rath and its challenges to the present. An essay, in: Heimatblatt Unterrath - Lichtenbroich, 57 (2009), 3, pp. 33–39, cont. 57 (2009), 4, pp. 29–37, here 57 (2009), 4, p. 35. Article in the directory of the NWBib ( Memento from May 2, 2016 in the Internet Archive ). Website of the North Rhine-Westphalian Bibliography. Retrieved May 9, 2016.
34. ↑ Airport City  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . In: Rheinische Post , September 23, 2003  
35. ↑ Career . Website by Karl-Heinz Klein. Retrieved November 28, 2013.
36. ↑ History Fountain - Unterrath . Website by Karl-Heinz Klein. Retrieved November 28, 2013.
37. ↑ Düsseldorfer Stadtchronik 1994 Website of the state capital Düsseldorf. Retrieved January 29, 2010.
38. ↑ Monk at work in his cell in the Carthusian monastery grove by Matthias Wego.
39. ↑ Carthusian monk - Unterrath . Website by Karl-Heinz Klein. Retrieved November 28, 2013.
40. ↑ Bronze plaque at the Kartause-Hain-Grundschule , at the Catholic parish office of St. Maria under the Cross , at the Catholic Church of St. Bruno .
41. ↑ On the story ( Memento from July 22, 2002 in the Internet Archive ). Website of the parish: Holy Family / Düsseldorf. Retrieved May 2, 2010.
42. ↑ Unterrath and Lichtenbroich then and now (PDF; 27 kB) by Karlheinz Kürpig. Website of the Bürgererverein Unterrath 1909 and Lichtenbroich eV. Accessed on May 2, 2010.
43. ↑ View of the Heinefeldsiedlung 1935 ( Memento from May 23, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Stadtarchiv Düsseldorf.
44. ↑ Chapter 3.3: The 'wild settlement' Heinefeld , from: Volker Rekittke & Klaus Martin Becker, Political Actions against Housing Shortage and Restructuring and the Squatter Movement in Düsseldorf , Düsseldorf University of Applied Sciences FB Social Pedagogy, 1995. Many references. Retrieved June 10, 2013
45. ↑ Literature: Karola Fings , Frank Sparing, Johanneskirche (Düsseldorf) : "Oh, friends, where have you gone ...?" Otto Pankok and the Düsseldorf Sinti. 2nd ext. 2006 edition, without ISBN. With many historical recordings.
46. ↑ 5. Foundation of the first parish on the Heinefeld ( Memento from May 23, 2010 in the Internet Archive ). Website of the Bürgererverein Unterrath 1909 and Lichtenbroich eV. Accessed on May 2, 2010.
47. ↑ 1873–2013 Parish Church St. Maria unter dem Kreuze , in: Catholic, Journal of the Catholic Church Community of the Holy Family, Vol. 3, No. 3, 2013, p. 16.
48. ↑ Markus Eckstein: St. Mary under the cross. In: Manfred Becker-Huberti u. a .: Düsseldorf churches. The Catholic churches in the city dean of Düsseldorf. JP Bachem Verlag , Cologne 2009, ISBN 978-3-7616-2219-3 , p. 93.
49. ↑ St. Maria unter dem Kreuze - Unterrath - Kürtenstraße (PDF; 1.6 MB) by Georg Wiesemann, in: Catholic, Journal of the Catholic Church Community of the Holy Family, Vol. 4, No. 2, 2008, p. 5.
50. ^ Michael Brockerhoff: Places in Düsseldorf . Droste Verlag, Düsseldorf 2009, p. 125.
51. ^ Julia Brabeck: Pilgrimage traditions in the north. In: Rheinische Post , September 25, 2012, D 4.
52. ^ Hatto Küffner, Edmund Spohr: Monuments in Düsseldorf . Düsseldorf 1985, Vol. 1, p. 47 Figure 38.
53. ↑ Markus Eckstein: St. Mary under the cross. In: Manfred Becker-Huberti u. a .: Düsseldorf churches. The Catholic churches in the city dean of Düsseldorf. JP Bachem Verlag , Cologne 2009, ISBN 978-3-7616-2219-3 , p. 157.
54. ^ Heinz Baumgarten, Monika von Wrisberg: archive pictures Düsseldorf - Unterrath and Lichtenbroich . Sutton Verlag, Erfurt 2005, p. 125. Ulrich Brzosa: Rath (Maria under the cross) . In: Ulrich Brzosa: The history of the Catholic Church in Düsseldorf. From its beginnings to secularization. Böhlau, Cologne et al. 2001, ISBN 3-412-11900-8 , pp. 153–161, here pp. 160, 161.
55. ^ City district 6 Unterrath, Rath, Mörsenbroich, Lichtenbroich (PDF; 2.5 MB), in: Lichtmasterplan Teil 2, 2008, p. 36.
56. ^ Düsseldorf - Unterrath "To the latch" by Dieter Veselic.
57. ^ The redesigned square , city planning office of the state capital Düsseldorf.
58. ↑ Am Klosterhof 6 , Institute for Monument Protection and Preservation of the State Capital Düsseldorf.
59. ↑ Am Klosterhof 10 , Institute for Monument Protection and Preservation of the State Capital Düsseldorf.
60. ↑ Guntram Fischer: The royal court in Rath. In: Rath and Unterrath. A contribution to local history. P. 30.
61. ↑ Irmgard Lochner, Joachim Allgayer: New air traffic control towers of the DFS. In: Bautechnik 79 , 2002, issue 10, pages 657–664.
62. ↑ Irmgard Lochner, Joachim Allgayer: New air traffic control towers of the DFS. In: Bautechnik 79 , 2002, issue 10, page 659.
63. ↑ Messezeichen , Institute for Monument Protection and Preservation of the State Capital Düsseldorf.
64. ^ Hans, Knopper: Max Kratz, sculptures 1944–1992 . Solingen 1994, ISBN 3-930315-07-6 , pp. 15, 20.
65. ↑ Butterfly - Pilom - Radschläger - Max Kratz 'statue in front of the town hall by Historikerbüro Düsseldorf GbR.
66. ↑ Gretel Gemmert: Works in public space. In: Virtual Art Space - Curriculum Vitae - Works in Public Space .
67. ^ Kartause-Hain-Schule , school administration office of the state capital Düsseldorf.
68. ^ Wolfgang Funken: Art at schools in Düsseldorf . Droste Verlag, Düsseldorf 2007, p. 174.
69. ↑ Nadine Sapotnik: The upward looking one stands in the garden of a law firm in: Rheinische Post , July 26, 2013, D 9.
70. ↑ From the woad factory to the Mannesmann tube factory . Website of the state capital Düsseldorf. Retrieved January 8, 2010.
71. ↑ Guntram Fischer: The Hahnenkirmes. In: Rath and Unterrath. A contribution to local history. P. 54.
72. ^ The foundation ( Memento of March 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive ). Website of KG Unterrather Funken Blau-Gelb. Retrieved January 20, 2010.
73. ^ Heinz Baumgarten, Monika von Wrisberg: archive pictures Düsseldorf - Unterrath and Lichtenbroich . Sutton Verlag, Erfurt 2005, p. 81.
74. ^ Retematäng session ( Memento of October 4, 2013 in the Internet Archive ). Website of KG Unterrather Funken Blau-Gelb. Retrieved January 20, 2010.
75. ^ Chronicle ( Memento of October 4, 2013 in the Internet Archive ). Website of the GKG Elf vom Dbody. Retrieved January 21, 2010.
76. ^ The bivouac of the "Elf vom Dbod" ( Memento from November 28, 2012 in the Internet Archive ). Website of the GKG Elf vom Dbody. Retrieved January 25, 2010.
77. ↑ How it all came about | Ongerod eV Accessed on November 13, 2019 (German). 
78. ↑ Line 705 and details on Line 707 at OpenStreetMap.
79. ↑ Details on Line 729 , Line 730 and Line 760 at OpenStreetMap.
80. ↑ Gartenhallenbad Unterrath ( Memento from June 7, 2013 in the Internet Archive ). Website of the Bädergesellschaft Düsseldorf mbH. Retrieved January 8, 2010.
81. ↑ Unterrath . Website of the state capital Düsseldorf. Retrieved January 12, 2010.
82. ↑ District sports facility Unterrath . Website of the state capital Düsseldorf. Retrieved January 12, 2010.