Magellanic southern beech
| Magellanic southern beech | ||||||||||||
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Magellanic southern beech ( Nothofagus betuloides ) |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Nothofagus betuloides | ||||||||||||
| ( Mirb. ) Oerst. |
The Magellanic southern beech ( Nothofagus betuloides ), also called Guindo , is a species of the southern beech genus ( Nothofagus ) in the pseudo beech family (Nothofagaceae). It is native to southern South America. Nothofagus betuloides is not winter hardy in Central Europe .
description
Appearance and leaf
Nothofagus betuloides grows as an evergreen tree that reaches heights of growth of up to 25 and trunk diameters of around 1.5 or rarely up to 2.5 meters. The cracked bark is gray.
The alternate arranged on the branch leaves have a 3 to 8 mm long petiole. The simple, somewhat leathery, bald or slightly downy hairy leaf blade is elliptical with a length of 0.5 to 2.5 cm and dotted with glands with a rounded base and tip. The leaf margin is notched regularly. Stipules are present.
Inflorescence and flower
Nothofagus betuloides is single sexed ( monoecious ). The 4 to 4.5 mm long flowers have five to seven scale-like, overgrown bracts that are glabrous or slightly downy hairy. The male flowers stand individually in the leaf axils and have 10 to 16 fertile stamens with reddish anthers. Three female flowers stand together in an inflorescence and are surrounded by four bracts. Pollination takes place via the wind ( anemophilia ). The flowering period extends from November to December.
fruit
Three yellowish nuts with a length of 2 to 3 mm stand together and are surrounded by a fruit cup (cupula). The fruits ripen between January and February.
Differentiation of similar species
This species is similar to the Coihue southern beech ( Nothofagus dombeyi ). Of Nothofagus dombeyi can Nothofagus betuloides brown orange-through the bark of the branches and the slightly sticky, elliptical leaves that at breitesten in the center are (at Nothofagus dombeyi be distinguished under the middle). In addition, the leaf margin is notched regularly (with Nothofagus dombeyi very unevenly toothed).
Occurrence
Nothofagus betuloides occurs in southern Patagonia in Chile and Argentina. The distribution area extends in Chile from Valdivia to the islands around Cape Horn (in regions X to XII from 40 ° 10 'to 55 ° 31' S). It thrives in the sub-Antarctic forest and is the most common tree species in the extreme south of Chile.
Systematics
The first description was made of this kind in 1827 under the name Fagus betuloides by de Charles François Brisseau Mirbel in Memoires du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle , 14, p 469, Table 25. In 1851, Karl Ludwig von Blume in Museum Botanicum , 1, p 307 the genus Nothofagus and sometimes this publication is also used for a homonym Nothofagus betuloides (Mirb.) Blume , but this species is not mentioned there. The first valid publication of the name Nothofagus betuloides is only considered to be the publication in 1871 by Anders Sandøe Ørsted in Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskabs Skrifter - Naturvidenskabelig og Mathematisk Afdeling Ser. V, IX, p. 354. Other synonyms for Nothofagus betuloides (Mirb.) Oerst. are: Betula antarctica G.Forst. , Calusparassus betuloides (Mirb.) Hombr. & Jacquinot ex Decne. , Calusparassus forsteri (Hook.) Hombr. & Jacquinot ex Decne. , Fagus dubia Mirb. , Fagus forsteri Hook. , Nothofagus patagonica Gand.
Nothofagus betuloides belongs to the subgenus nothofagus from the genus of nothofagus .
use
The beautiful wood is used to build houses and make furniture.
swell
- Roberto Rodríguez & Max Quezada: Fagaceae , In: Clodomiro Marticorena & Roberto Rodríguez (editors): Flora de Chile , Volume 2 (2), Universidad de Concepción, 2003. Nothofagus betuloides on p. 68. (Section description and distribution)
- Nothofagus betuloides in the Enciclopedia de la Flora Chilena - Online. (Section Description, Distribution and Use)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Blume scanned in 1851 at biodiversitylibrary.org .
- ^ Nothofagus betuloides in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
- ^ Nothofagus betuloides at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
Web links
- Nothofagus betuloides at chilebosque . (Spanish)