Mamphela Ramphele

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Mamphela Ramphele (2013)

Mamphela Aletta Ramphele (born December 28, 1947 in Bochum District , Northern Transvaal , today Limpopo Province ) is a South African doctor , businesswoman and former politician. She was a partner of Steve Biko , the founder of the Black Consciousness Movement , worked as Managing Director for the World Bank and founded the party Agang South Africa in 2013 .

In 2018, she and Sandrine Dixson-Declève were elected equal presidents of the Club of Rome , the first women to hold this position.

Life

Mamphele grew up as the child of a school principal with six siblings. She graduated from Setotolwane High School in 1966 as one of the only two girls in her class. She completed two years of pre-medical education at what was then the University of the North , now Limpopo University , and then went to the University of Natal Medical School in 1968 . During her studies she came into contact with the Black Consciousness Movement (BCM) at the same time as Steve Biko. She was particularly committed to the development work in the black population group. Despite the stress, she successfully completed her medical degree in 1972. She got her first internship in Durban and Port Elizabeth .

The relationship with Biko, who was married at the time, resulted in two children. The daughter died after two months of pneumonia . The son, Hlumelo Biko, was only born after the death of his father in 1978.

The 1974 judicial authorities charged her with possession of banned literature under the Suppression of Communism Act . Because of her political activities, Ramphele was banned in 1977 according to the security laws of the time and exiled to the city of Tzaneen in the northeast of the Transvaal . There she was hindered in her health care activities by receiving a new ban order, according to which she was not allowed to visit the wards she had founded outside of Tzaneen. Since 1975 she has been studying economics by distance learning and graduated from the University of South Africa in 1984 . She received the approval of the police , at the Witwatersrand University in Johannesburg each have a Postgraduate degree in Tropical Hygiene and Public Health Care to make.

After the exile ended, Ramphele went to Cape Town in 1986 , where Professor Francis Wilson had given her a research grant at the University of Cape Town . From then on, she worked with Wilson at the University's South African Labor Development Research Unit (SALDRU) and published two books with him. In 1991 she received her PhD at the University of Cape Town in social anthropology on the subject of Empowerment and the Politics of Space . In the same year she became the university's deputy vice-chancellor.

After the end of apartheid

Ramphele was appointed Vice-Chancellor of the University of Cape Town in 1996 and one of four Managing Directors at the World Bank in Washington, DC in 2000 .

In 2013 she lives as a businesswoman in Cape Town. She was and is represented on the executive bodies of several companies operating in South Africa, such as Anglo American South Africa and Transnet , and has been Chairwoman of Circle Capital Ventures Ltd. since 2005 . From 2010 to 2013 she was chairman of the company Goldfields Ltd. She is considered one of the sharpest critics of the government of the African National Congress (ANC) and its representatives like President Jacob Zuma .

She is the leading figure of the party Agang South Africa ( North Sotho / Setswana and English; for example: "Let's build South Africa"), which was founded on June 22, 2013 in Pretoria . The day before, the former Archbishop Desmond Tutu had already expressed his support for Mamphela Ramphele.

At the end of January 2014, Ramphele was introduced as a possible top candidate for the DA by Helen Zille , the chairman of South Africa's largest opposition party, the Democratic Alliance (DA). However, the prerequisite for a candidacy was that Ramphele Agang leaves South Africa . On February 3, 2014, Zille announced that Ramphele would not leave her party and that a candidacy for the DA would not be possible. Ramphele's party won two seats in the 2014 election , one of which it took but later resigned.

In 2018, Ramphele and the Belgian Sandrine Dixson-Declève were elected as equal presidents of the Club of Rome , as the first women in this position.

Honourings and prices

Publications

  • 1984: with R. Ramalepe: Rural Health Care: The Tears and Joy . Cape Town, ISBN 0-7992-0851-5 .
  • 1989: Uprooting Poverty: The South African Challenge . (with Francis Wilson ) Report for the Second Carnegie Inquiry into Poverty and Development in Southern Africa, David Philip Publishing, Claremont . ISBN 0-86486-072-2
  • 1991: Bounds of Possibility: The Legacy of Steve Biko (as co-editor).
  • 1993: A Bed called Home , Cape Town. Based on her PhD thesis entitled: The Politics of Space .
  • 1994: Standards: The Loaded Term . University of Cape Town Press, Cape Town, 07792-1498-1.
  • 1995: A Life . Philip, Cape Town, ISBN 0-86486-297-0 .
    • 1998: in German: My freedom no limits: autobiography . Lamuv-Verlag, Göttingen, ISBN 3-88977-522-5 .
  • 1995: The Affirmative Action Book: Towards an Equity Environment , IDASA Public Information Center, Cape Town 1995, ISBN 1-874864241 .
  • 2002: Steering by the Stars: Being Young in South Africa . Table Mountain, Cape Town, ISBN 0-624040968 .
  • 2008: Laying Ghosts to Rest: Dilemmas of the Transformation in South Africa . Table Mountain, Cape Town, ISBN 978-0-624045793 .
  • 2013: Socio-economic Equity and Democratic Freedom in South Africa . LIT Verlag, Vienna 2013, ISBN 978-3-643-80162-3 .
  • 2014: A Passion for Freedom: My Life . IB Tauris, London, ISBN 978-1-78453-042-6 .

literature

  • C. Bröll: Lone fighter in silk costume. The South African Mamphela Ramphele rebels against the politics of her former companions. In: Cicero 12/2012, pp. 54f.

Web links

Commons : Mamphela Ramphele  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Christian Putsch (interview; NZZ author abbreviation cpk): “The ANC is the greatest threat to our future” - Mandela's former comrade-in-arms, Mamphela Ramphele, challenges the ANC with her new party Agang . In: Neue Zürcher Zeitung . No. 143 . Zurich June 24, 2013, p. 5 .
  2. ↑ Equal rights for all in FAZ from January 5, 2013, p. C3
  3. ↑ Mamphela Aletta Ramphele. on whoswho.co.za (archive version)
  4. ^ The sudden end of a new era in FAZ of February 4, 2014, p. 6
  5. ↑ MPs from AGANG  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , As of 2016@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.parliament.gov.za  
  6. ↑ cooppa: The "Club of Rome" in the 21st century , 2 February 2019
  7. ↑ Honorary Doctorates from the University of Cambridge
personal data
SURNAME Ramphele, Mamphela
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Ramphele, Mamphela Aletta
BRIEF DESCRIPTION South African doctor, businesswoman and former opponent of apartheid
DATE OF BIRTH December 28, 1947
PLACE OF BIRTH Bochum District , Northern Transvaal , South African Union