Marianna Franziska von Hornstein

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Marianna Franziska von Hornstein

Marianna Franziska von Hornstein (born July 2, 1723 in Göffingen , † December 27, 1809 in Säckingen ) was the last abbess of the aristocratic Säckingen dynasty on the Upper Rhine .

Life

Marianna Franziska was born in Göffingen, then a part of Upper Austria , today a suburb of Unlingen on the Danube , near the Bussen elevation . She was the daughter of Franz Marquard von Hornstein and Anna Maria von Sickingen-Hohenburg . Franz Marquard was an imperial real councilor and a princely Augsburg councilor. Marianna had nine brothers and six sisters.

In 1730 Marianna received a prospectus for the aristocratic Säckingen monastery . In 1748 she was installed as the capitular lady and in 1755 at the age of 32 she was elected abbess of the monastery. She was consecrated by her uncle Franz Konrad von Rodt , imperial baron, cardinal and prince-bishop of Constance .

She had the prayer chapel built for the monastery and stuccoed by the younger Johann Michael Feuchtmayer . But she was a staunch defender of the monastery against Josefinism , which declared the contemplative - celibate way of life of the women of the monastery to be a useless way of life. The reforms of the transformation of the Holy Roman Empire into a pre-enlightened, secular central state, initiated by Empress Maria Theresa and intensified by Emperor Josef II , had far-reaching consequences in Upper Austria. 21 women's monasteries were dissolved, including 17 Franciscan monasteries. Only the Freiburg Carthusians were excluded from this.

Abolition of the monastery

Sacking 1663

On August 8, 1785, the Austrian government in Freiburg abolished the Säckingen women's monastery. The ladies were ordered by imperial order to join the Freiweltlich noble women's monastery in Prague founded by Empress Maria Theresa in 1755 . Accompanied by her cousin Anton von Hornstein-Binningen, Marianna Franziska traveled to the court in Vienna in September 1785 to lodge the sharpest protest against the decision to dissolve. In an audience with Emperor Joseph II , she managed to reverse the abolition of the monastery. On January 12, 1786 the monastery received a new imperial letter of protection. In 1803, 16 noble ladies lived in the monastery. Since 1799 the abbess had a coadjutor in the person of Princess Johanna Karolina von Öttingen-Spielberg .

Due to the Peace of Pressburg (1805), the monastery was handed over to Baden in 1806 and secularization took place . The abbess was allowed to continue to live in monastery buildings with her canons and received an annual pension of 3000 guilders from Baden. When the abbess died, there were 21 quintals of household items and furniture as well as several carriages in her estate . A rarity was the sausage , a carriage that could accommodate all sixteen canonesses.

literature

  • Local history sheets for the Biberach district 2009 issue 1, Imperial Knighthood and Imperial Church in the 17th and 18th centuries - The Barons of Hornstein-Göffingen, p. 30ff
  • Kurt Diemer: Imperial Knighthood and Imperial Church in the 17th and 18th centuries - The barons of Hornstein-Göffingen. In: Mark Hengerer and Elmar L. Kuhn (eds.): Adel im Wandel. Upper Swabia from early modern times to the present . Verlag Thorbecke, Ostfildern 2006, ISBN 978-3-7995-0216-0 , Volume 2, pp. 520-522.
  • Franz Quarthal : The best, most loyal and most affectionate subjects. On the history of the Swabian-Austrian estates. In: Contributions to regional studies 1979 (Issue 1), pp. 1–13.
  • Klemens Schaubinger: History of the Säckingen Abbey and its founder, St. Fridolin. Einsiedeln 1852, pp. 127-136 online in the Google book search

Web links

Commons : Marianna Franziska von Hornstein  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ see Julius Kindler von Knobloch : Upper Baden gender book. , Heidelberg 1898, Volume 2, p. 126 online
  2. ↑ s. Schaubinger p. 135
personal data
SURNAME Hornstein, Marianna Franziska von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Hornstein, Maria Anna Francisca Josepha Johanna
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Princess Abbess
DATE OF BIRTH July 2, 1723
PLACE OF BIRTH Göffingen
DATE OF DEATH December 27, 1809
Place of death Säckingen