Fines
| Fines | ||
|---|---|---|
 View from Heudorf to the buses |
||
| height | 766.7 m above sea level NHN | |
| location | Baden-Württemberg , Upper Swabia | |
| Coordinates | 48 ° 9 '43 " N , 9 ° 33' 19" E | |
|
||
| particularities | " Holy Mountain of Upper Swabia" | |
The buses is a 766.7 m above sea level. NHN high mountain in Upper Swabia between Unlingen and Uttenweiler , on the boundary of which it is located in the district of Offingen . It is one of the most popular pilgrimage sites in Upper Swabia and an excellent panoramic mountain with a view of the Alps . Sometimes it is referred to as " Upper Swabia's local mountain " or " The Holy Mountain of Upper Swabia ". There are references to a Celtic and later Germanic place of worship . In 805, a pilgrimage church , today's parish church of St. Johannes Baptist on Bussen , is mentioned in a document. It is the highest point in the Biberach district outside the Swabian Alb , but the highest point in the district is the 800.8 meter high Rotreiß near Ittenhausen in the Langenenslingen community .
Natural space
The Bussen is a natural area of the Danube-Iller-Lech-Platte in the hill country of the lower Riss . In the manual of the natural structure of Germany by Meynen / Schmithüsen (1953–1962) buses are referred to as natural subunit 042.10.
Geography and location
The development of the bus is related to the unfolding of the Alps in the Tertiary . A layer of sylvana lime about eight meters thick protects the mountain from erosion. The glacier masses of the Ice Age could not overcome the height of 767 m and so the panoramic mountain has been preserved to this day. The buses is located in the northwestern part of the Biberach district in Baden-Württemberg between the Federsee and the city of Riedlingen . Offingen, part of the Uttenweiler community, is located directly on the southern slope of the mountain . When the visibility is good, both the Ulm Minster and the Alpine chain from the Bavarian Prealps to the Bernese Alps can be seen from the mountain .
The landscape of the bus and its close surroundings are part of the 1,969 reported, 14.1 square kilometers of protected landscape area " buses ".
history
Due to its exposed location, the bus was probably visited and worshiped at an early age. The Celts already offered their fertility sacrifices on this mountain . Ancient legends of giants and hidden treasures entwine around the buses. Perhaps even the request for a " Bussakindle " goes back to this prehistory. That is why many newly married couples also make a pilgrimage to the mountain on Sundays. The Roman west-east trunk road connection from Strasbourg to Augsburg, important in the first century AD, today called Donausüdstrasse by historians , crosses the flat southern slope of the bus. Some historians suspect a still undiscovered Roman fort in the area of the bus, because the distance between the known Roman garrisons in Mengen and in Emerkingen is too far for a day's march.
A castle was built onto a solid Roman watchtower, which was called "suevia" ( Swabia ) in old scripts . Count Gerold (✝ 799), brother-in-law of Charlemagne, is named as the oldest known owner . A document from the year 805 proves the existence of a church on the top of the bus when it was transferred to the St. Gallen monastery .
Already early on there was a Bussen castle consisting of the “Vorderburg” and “Hinterburg” , of which the keep of the “Hinterburg” still exists. The Bussen was probably the ancestral home of the Gaugrafen von der Folkoltsbar , from which the Counts of Veringen later emerged. The story "Wolfrat von Veringen" also takes place at this time. In 1291 the Counts of Veringen sold the rule Busses with all their possessions to Rudolf von Habsburg . In 1387 the Habsburgs pledged the mountain and castle to the Waldburg family . During the Thirty Years War , the castle was destroyed by Swedish troops in 1633. The bus had lost its political and military role. From the ruins of Bussen , next to the keep, which today serves as a lookout tower, only the remains of the wall remain.
In 1786 the Waldburgers sold the rule of buses to the imperial prince Karl Anselm von Thurn und Taxis . 1806, with the end of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation , the buses fell to the Kingdom of Württemberg .
On August 31, 1958, a memorial for those returning home was inaugurated on the bus . A memorial plaque commemorates the soldiers from Upper Swabia who died in the world wars - especially in Rommel's Africa Corps . On May 8, 1985, the Biberach district held a commemoration to mark the 40th anniversary of the end of the war. Ten years later, a memorial service was held to mark the 50th anniversary of the end of World War II .
Since September 1996 a small community of three Franciscan Sisters from the Sießen monastery has lived on Busses. At that time the parish of Offingen was able to acquire the house on Busses together with the diocese of Rottenburg-Stuttgart . The Busses is still a place of pilgrimage today. The image of grace attracts a large number of pilgrims every year .
Site of the former Vorderburg with a memorial to those who died in the First World War and a memorial for those returning home
Homecoming memorial
Keep of the former rear castle
View from the keep
Pilgrimage church
.jpg)
A church on the bus is first mentioned in a document from 805. The current pilgrimage church of St. Johann Baptist dates back to 1516. Today's appearance is the result of restoration work from 1960–1962.
Pilgrimages to the veneration of the painful Mother of God have been attested on buses since 1521. Busses have been the destination of the great men and family pilgrimages on Whit Monday since the 1950s .
A pilgrimage of the fidelity of the Association of Returnees to the Homecoming Memorial, inaugurated on August 31, 1958, also takes place every year.
See also
literature
- Ferdinand Kramer: The Bussen - Holy Mountain of Upper Swabia with its church and history ; Federsee-Verlag 2005. ISBN 3-925171-60-6
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Schwäbische Zeitung : The pilgrimage on the buses of June 24, 2009 leads 40 kilometers
- ^ Wolfrat von Veringen - M. Lehmann - Google Books
- ^ Johann Daniel Georg Memminger: Description of the Oberamt Riedlingen . ( online in Google Book Search)