Marianne Awerbuch

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Berlin memorial plaque on Holsteiner Ufer 18–20, Hansaviertel

Marianne Awerbuch (born June 20, 1917 in Berlin ; died June 6, 2004 in Berlin) was a German-Israeli historian and Judaist .

Life

Marianne Selbiger grew up with two siblings in an assimilated Jewish merchant family on Holsteiner Ufer in Berlin-Tiergarten . After the handover of power to the National Socialists , she broke off her training at the Lyceum , trained as a kindergarten teacher and youth leader and from 1936 worked as a department head for the “professional redeployment” of Jewish young people in Berlin.

After the November pogroms in 1938, she and the Berlin engineer Max Awerbuch left Germany on January 19, 1939. They accompanied one hundred young refugees to Palestine . There they made their way as illegal immigrants, got used to kibbutz life and physical labor, and got married. In 1942 their son Jonathan was born. Marianne Awerbuch's parents were deported from Berlin to the Auschwitz concentration camp in 1943 and murdered there.

In the State of Israel , founded in 1948 , Awerbuch founded a special school for people with learning disabilities in Ramat Gan , and from 1954 she worked there in the central school as a teacher of Hebrew language and history. She received her university entrance qualification and studied history and biblical studies in Tel Aviv with a degree. In 1966 she got the chance to continue her studies at the Free University in West Berlin and in 1970 to do her doctorate in medieval history with Wilhelm Berges . Since then she has worked there at the Institute for Jewish Studies, completed her habilitation in 1974 and became Professor of History and Jewish Studies in 1975. After Jacob Taubes withdrew , she temporarily headed the Institute for Jewish Studies during the vacancy between 1979 and 1982. Their goal was to rebuild the College for the Science of Judaism, which was lost in 1942, at its old location in Artilleriestrasse in Berlin. Since her retirement in 1982 she has taught at the Friedrich Meinecke Institute at the FU.

Awerbuch was very opinionated and interfered in the various debates about the German coming to terms with the past . In 1992 she was a key mentor of the Berlin exhibition Jewish Life Worlds as part of the Berlin Festival . Like Julius H. Schoeps in 1994, she refused Amnon Barzel's appointment as director of the Jewish Museum for technical reasons. The memorial for the murdered Jews of Europe in Berlin was not approved. Awerbuch placed particular emphasis on mutual respect between Jews and Christians as a prerequisite for overcoming the antagonism between Judaism and Christianity.

Awerbuch is buried in the Jewish cemetery in Weißensee .

Fonts (selection)

  • About the motivation of Burgundian politics in the 14th and 15th centuries . Berlin 1970 (Diss. FU Berlin).
  • Christian-Jewish encounter in the age of early scholasticism. Kaiser, Munich 1980.
  • Between hope and reason. Interpretation of the history of the Jews in Spain before the expulsion using the example of Abravanels and Ibn Vergas. Institute for Church and Judaism, Berlin 1985.
  • With Stefi Jersch-Wenzel (Ed.): Image and self-image of the Jews of Berlin between the Enlightenment and Romanticism. Colloquium Verlag, Berlin 1992.
  • Before the education. The Memories of the Glückel von Hameln - a Jewish woman's life at the end of the 17th and the beginning of the 18th century. In: Willi Jasper , Joachim H. Knoll (Hrsg.): Prussia's sky spreads its stars ... Contributions to the cultural, political and intellectual history of the modern age. Festschrift for the 60th birthday of Julius H. Schoeps. Olms, Hildesheim 2002, pp. 163-181.
  • With Cilly Kugelmann : The end and survival of Judaism in Germany. Hessian state representation, Bonn 1992.
  • Selected writings, unpublished and published texts by the Berlin historian for Jewish history. AphorismA, Berlin 2013.
  • The College for the Science of Judaism. In: Reimer Hansen , Wolfgang Ribbe : History in Berlin in the 19th and 20th centuries. Personalities and institutions. de Gruyter, Berlin 1992, pp. 517-551.
  • Memories from a contentious life. From Berlin to Palestine - from Israel to Berlin. (= Jewish memoirs. Volume 15). Hentrich & Hentrich , Teetz 2007, ISBN 978-3-938485-39-2 .

literature

  • Robert Jütte : The emigration of the German-speaking "Science of Judaism". The Emigration of Jewish Historians to Palestine 1933–1945 . Steiner, Stuttgart 1991, ISBN 3-515-05798-6 .
  • Julius H. Schoeps , Christoph Schulte , Christine Stumpfe: Congratulations. In: Journal of Religious and Intellectual History . No. 4, 1997, pp. 289-290.
  • Hartmut Zinser , Ulrich Werner Grimm , Daniela Gauding (eds.): Marianne Awerbuch - memories from a contentious life. From Berlin to Palestine. From Israel to Berlin. (= Jewish memoirs. Volume 15). With a contribution by Jonathan Awerbuch, edited by Hermann Simon and Hartmut Zinser, with the collaboration of Ulrich Werner Grimm and Daniela Gauding. Hentrich & Hentrich, Teetz 2007, ISBN 978-3-938485-39-2 .
  • Constanze Döhrer, Volker Hobrack, Angelika Keune: Traces of History. New memorial plaques in the center of Berlin . Berlin Story Verlag, Berlin 2012, ISBN 978-3-929829-44-0 .
  • Stanislaw Kubicki, Siegward Lönnendonker (Ed.): Religious Studies, Judaic Studies, Islamic Studies and Newer Philologies . V&R unipress, Göttingen 2012, ISBN 978-3-89971-954-3 .
  • Clarissa-Maleike Busse: Marianne Awerbuch, an intellectual biography of the provocative Berlin historian of Jewish-Christian relationships . AphorismA, Berlin 2014, ISBN 978-3-86575-042-6 (also: Diss., FU Berlin, 2014).
  • Marianne Awerbuch. A Berlin Jew asks who is allowed to speak for the Jews and their experience of the Shoab and who is not. In: Julius H. Schoeps: Encounters. People who crossed my path in life. Suhrkamp, ​​Berlin 2016, ISBN 978-3-633-54278-9 , pp. 285-298.

Web links

Commons : Marianne Awerbuch  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Julius H. Schoeps: Congratulations. 1997.
  2. ↑ a b Thomas Lackmann : The three lives of Marianne Awerbuch. In: Der Tagesspiegel . February 4, 2008.
  3. ↑ A memorial can be an incredible insult. Interview with Jacques Schuster . In: The world . November 9, 1998.
personal data
SURNAME Awerbuch, Marianne
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Selbiger, Marianne (maiden name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German-Israeli historian and Judaist
DATE OF BIRTH June 20, 1917
PLACE OF BIRTH Berlin
DATE OF DEATH June 6, 2004
Place of death Berlin