Marie Casimire Louise de la Grange d'Arquien

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Queen Maria Kazimiera Sobieska
Queen Maria Kazimiera Sobieska on horseback, artist unknown

Maria Kazimiera Sobieska (actually Marie Casimire Louise de la Grange d'Arquien ; born June 28, 1641 in Nevers , † January 30, 1716 in Blois ) was a French noblewoman and the wife of King John III. Sobieski was Queen of Poland and Grand Duchess of Lithuania from 1674 to 1696 .

Life

Maria was the daughter of the French Marquis Henri Albert de La Grange d'Arquien (1613–1707) and Françoise de La Châtre (1615–1672).

In 1658 Maria married the voivod of Sandomierz and Kiev Jan Sobiepan Zamoyski . Shortly afterwards her friendship began with the Polish nobleman and field hetman of the crown , Jan Sobieski, who later became a great love. After the voivod's death, they married in 1665. Their close relationship was accompanied by very extensive correspondence over the years, as the hetman and later king spent more time with the army than at court. They still had thirteen children, but only four of them reached adulthood: Jakob (1667–1737), Therese Kunigunde (1676–1730), Alexander (1677–1714) and Konstanty (1680–1726).

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As Queen, she initially campaigned for the alliance with France in the Wilanów Palace . Among other things, she opposed the inheritance of the crown to her son Jakob and intrigued for the election of the French Prince Conti as King of Poland.

Her husband entered into an alliance with Austria in 1683, which is attributed to Marie's influence. A departure from her decidedly France-friendly course probably occurred after she was seriously offended by someone in Versailles. For this reason she is said to have become Austria's advocate. In 1696, after Sobieski's death, this encouraged Austria's energetic efforts to promote his candidate for the throne, Elector Friedrich August the Strong of Saxony , who converted to Catholicism for this reason . After an interregnum full of struggle and strife, the Habsburgs succeeded in helping the Wettins win through outrageous promises and bribes.

As a queen widow, Maria Kazimiera first went to Gdansk and her nearby Koliebken estate , then from autumn 1698 to Rome, where the young Domenico Scarlatti composed several operas for her private theater, and later to France, where she dealt in vain with Louis XIV Sought privileges for her French relatives.

Maria Kazimiera, known as "Marysieńka", was the founder of three Warsaw buildings based on designs by Tylman van Gameren : the Church and Convent of the Sacraments, the downtown Marywil trade complex and the Marymont summer palace outside the city .

Her remains were buried in the Wawel Cathedral in Krakow . In the Miasteczko Wilanów district of Warsaw there has been a bronze group of figures of the seated king with his wife and two hunting dogs standing next to him since 2001 (implemented in 2004) .

literature

  • Tadeusz Boy-Zelenski, The History of Marysienka Sobieska and King John . (German by Caesar Rymarowicz ) Rütten & Loenig Verlag, Berlin 1981
  • Antonio Bassani, Viaggio a Roma della Signora Reale Maestà di Maria Casimira, Regina di Polonia vedova dell'Invittissimo Giovanni III per il voto di visitare i Luoghi Santi et il Supremo Pastor della Chiesa Innocenzo XII , Roma 1700.
  • Gaetano Platania, Due dame polacche nella Roma del Sei-Settecento, Salerno, Laveglia, 1980
  • Gaetano Platania, Gli ultimi Sobieski e Roma. Fasti e miserie di una famiglia reale polacca tra Sei e Settecento (1699-1715), Roma, Vecchiarelli editore, 1990.
  • Gaetano Platania, Viaggio in Italia e soggiorno romano di una dama polacca: Maria Casimira Sobieski, in Viaggiatori polacchi in Italia , n, 28, Gèneve, Slatkine, 1986, pp. 165-181.
  • Gaetano Platania, Una pagina inedita del soggiorno romano di Maria Casimira Sobieska , in "Studia Italo-Polonica", III, 1987, pp. 81-113.
  • Gaetano Platania, Maria Casimira Sobieska a Roma. Alcuni episodi del soggiorno romano di una regina polacca, in "Effetto Roma". Il viaggio, Istituto Nazionale di Studi Romani, Roma, Bulzoni editore, 1995, pp. 9-48.
  • Michał Komaszyński, Piękna królowa Maria Kazimiera d'Arquien-Sobieska, Kraków 1995.
  • Michel Komaszyński, Marie Casimire, reine de Pologne, dernière résidente royale du Château de Blois, Katowice 1995.
  • Gaetano Platania, Il viaggio politico di Maria Casimira Sobieska , in Donne in viaggio. Viaggio religioso, politico, metaforico , a cura di ML Silvestre e A. Valerio, Roma-Bari, Laterza editore, 1999, pp. 131-142.
  • Gaetano Platania, Viaggio a Roma sede d'esilio. Sovrane alla conquista di Roma, secoli XVII-XVIII , Roma, Istituto Nazionale di Studi Romani, 2002 (il capitolo dedicato a Maria Casimira Sobieska pp. 61-98).
  • Gaetano Platania, Polonia e Roman Curia. Corrispondenza di Maria Kazimiera Sobieska regina di Polonia con Carlo Barberini protettore del regno (1681-1699) e il soggiorno romano di una famiglia polacca in esilio, Viterbo, Acta Barberiniane / 4, 2016, pp. 11-268.
  • Gaetano Platania, Maria Casimira Sobieska e Roma, in I Sobieski a Roma. Las famiglia reale polacca nella Città Eterna, a cura di Juliusz A. Chrocśicki, Zuzanna Flisowska, Paweł Migasiewicz, Muzeum Palacu Króla Jan III w Wilanowie, Varsavia 2018, pp. 58-67 ISBN 978-83-66104-06-8 .
  • Alessandro Boccolini, Tra sacro, profano e politica pontifica. Il ruolo e la presenza di Maria Casimira Sonieska nella Roma del 1700, In: I Sobieski a Roma. Las famiglia reale polacca nella Città Eterna, a cura di Juliusz A. Chrocśicki, Zuzanna Flisowska, Paweł Migasiewicz, Muzeum Palacu Króla Jan III w Wilanowie, Varsavia 2018, pp. 90-99 ISBN 978-83-66104-06-8 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ E. Rudzki, Polskie królowe , t. II: Żony królów elekcyjnych , Warszawa 1990, p. 246.
  2. ^ Antonius Lux (ed.): Great women of world history. A thousand biographies in words and pictures . Sebastian Lux Verlag , Munich 1963, p. 323.
  3. ↑ according to Janusz Durko, album Warszawski / Warsaw album. The image of the city according to the collections in the Historical Museum of the capital Warsaw , German-Polish edition, Agencja Reklamowo-Wydawnicza A. Grzegorczyk, ISBN 83-86902-73-6 , Warsaw 2000, p. 92

Web links

Commons : Marie Casimire Louise de la Grange d'Arquien  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
predecessor Office Successor
Eleanor of Austria Queen of Poland
1674–1696 		Christiane Eberhardine of Brandenburg-Bayreuth
personal data
SURNAME La Grange d'Arquien, Marie Casimire Louise de
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Sobieska, Maria Kazimiera
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Queen of Poland
DATE OF BIRTH June 28, 1641
PLACE OF BIRTH Nevers
DATE OF DEATH January 30, 1716
Place of death Blois