Miasteczko Wilanów
Miasteczko Wilanów (for example: village or town Wilanów ) is a new development in the Warsaw district of Wilanów . More than 20,000 apartments for around 50,000 residents and offices for several thousand jobs are being built here on an area of 169 hectares . Construction work on former farmland began in 2002 and is expected to be completed in the early 2020s. The Temple of Divine Providence was built in the middle of the area , one of the largest new churches in Europe in the last 200 years. Miasteczko Wilanów is being built as part of a master plan , which is intended to enable a harmonious combination of living, commercial and office work. The design follows the ideas of New Urbanism . It is the largest contiguous new development area in Central Europe at the beginning of the 21st century.
The development of the entire complex was shaped by disputes between the general developer, the developers of individual residential complexes, the city, the district administration and institutions representing residents' interests. In this area of tension and accompanied by several media-relevant legal proceedings and political scandals, after a difficult early years it was possible to build a model city - largely without the support or regulation of the public sector.
Miasteczko Wilanów is an outstanding real estate project and is the best-known new development area in Poland. The disputes over the district were often picked up by the media and thus part of the public debate on housing construction in Poland. From an urban planning point of view, the complex is described as the best-designed modern residential area. According to commentators, the construction project is also symbolic of the changes that have taken place in Poland over the past 20 years; Miasteczko Wilanów is interpreted as a piece of history of the post-socialist transformation and the success of the newly emerging, rising Polish middle class . The part of town built in the last few years is called the “new symbol of Wilanów”. Critics refer to Miasteczko Wilanów because of the high population density and the similar socio-economic background of its residents as "Lemingrad" (pun: Lemmings in conjunction with Leningrad ).
location
The new district is located in the district area of Błonia Wilanowskie (translated roughly: grassland Wilanów) and is in the west by the nature reserve on the Warsaw Vistula embankment ( Rezerwat przyrody Skarpa Ursynowska ), in the north by the Aleja Wilanowska , in the east by the Ulica Przyczółkowa and in South bounded by the expressway to be built by 2020 ( Droga ekspresowa S2 ), the Warsaw southern bypass of Autostrada A2 (and thus part of European route 30 ). The Vistula River runs at a distance of about three kilometers, the city center is nine kilometers and the Wilanów Palace is about 1000 meters from the center of the district.
The area was protected from designation as building land as open space due to its biodiversity .
Wilanów is located on the river bed of the Vistula below the embankment of the Vistula glacial valley (Skarpa). This location has always led to high groundwater levels and the formation of surface water in the district. Heavy rains pose a risk of flooding over the rise of the Służewiecki Canal. The two lakes east of Ulica Przyczółkowa ( Jezioro Wilanowskie , Jezioro Powsinkowskie ), as well as the water reservoir in Ostoja Wilanów, play an important role in stabilizing the hydrological balance of the area. Green spaces and other biologically active areas are crucial for maintaining the water balance. The location near the river bed of the Vistula required far-sighted infrastructural construction measures, on the one hand to lower the high groundwater level on the Miasteczko Wilanów site and on the other hand not to disturb the sensitive ecosystem of the nearby Wilanów Castle Park . The infrastructural preparatory work for wastewater and rainwater management was correspondingly complex.
concept
The construction of Miasteczko Wilanów , which was largely completed in 2020, follows a master plan drawn up in 2000, which is based on an initial development plan from 1996. The implementation of the concept was largely realized.
reference
The structure provided by the creators of the master plan and the master plan is based on the urban planning concept of the garden city . The person in charge of the master plan, Guy Perry, referred explicitly to the corresponding demands of the city planner Ebenezer Howard : the space should be dominated by low buildings and contain lots of green, public spaces and parks.
On the one hand, exclusive residential areas in other countries ( Beverly Hills , London-Belgravia or Saint-Germain-en-Laye , but also Barcelona-Eixample and South Kensington ) were named as real models, and on the other hand, the historic Warsaw residential areas of Stary Mokotów (a district of Mokotów ), Saska Kępa (a district in Praga-Południe ), Żoliborz and Stara Ochota (a district in Ochota ) - just as they were developed between the two world wars. The aim of the planning was to create a "city within the city" that would enable a self-sufficient existence with a high level of functionality and residential density. The architecture should reflect modern trends, but still be based on the historical concepts of pre-war Warsaw such as the preserved palace ensemble in Wilanów.
New Urbanism
Following the ideas of New Urbanism , the new district should offer the residents an environment adapted to their needs. The individual residential complexes should offer privacy on the one hand and the public on the other. Their relationship to one another should result in concise lines of sight and vantage points; highlighted by green spaces and bodies of water. The integration of living and working areas as well as the distributed range of services and shopping facilities should enable supplies within walking distance. The claims of modern life corresponding force traffic was as far as possible submit to the ideas of a human coexistence: large parking areas should be avoided because of the obligation construction of unobtrusive underground car parks, traffic congestion caused by traffic calming measures (speed limits, speed bumps and roundabouts are reduced). The creation of spacious sidewalks and bicycle paths as well as the reduction of vehicle parking spaces in the street scene are intended to motivate residents to move around on foot or by bicycle; No longer should motor traffic dominate the design of public spaces.
The New Urbanism approach aims to restore the new urban area with a diversity that has been lost in socialist housing in Warsaw. This is also intended to indirectly strengthen the capacity for democracy and the willingness to act jointly. A high population density was to be achieved as part of the concept . This was the only way to provide the basis for building the necessary infrastructure on the one hand, and on the other hand, the possibility of functional mixed development - urban sprawl should be prevented. The high population density had to be designed using an overall concept so that individual development and creation of private space is possible. The introduction of the New Urbanism model does not lead to a deviation in the external design of the district from the aforementioned reference examples in pre-war Warsaw and in other countries, but rather to mixed use (work, trade, residential) and the high population density.
Involvement
Two dominant reference values were set for the basic structure: the existing Wilanów Palace with its park and the geometric structures given there, as well as the Temple of Divine Providence to be built . Lines of sight and traffic routes had to be aligned with these dominants. In addition, the historical landscape context had to be taken into account, including natural and artificial waters.
The connection to the surrounding city districts and districts also had to be taken into account. In addition to access to downtown Warsaw in the north, a connection to the neighboring Ursynów district, which had previously been separated from Wilanów by the Skarpa, was particularly necessary.
implementation
Major infrastructure construction measures (canal and road network) will be completed as planned in 2020. The important visual axes ( Oś Królewska , Ulica Klimczaka and Aleja Rzeczypospolitej ), which include the Wilanów Palace and the temple, have been created. Roads and public spaces have largely been greened. The population density achieved is high, in 2017 it was three times higher than in downtown Warsaw and 20 times higher than in other peripheral locations. The great demand for living space in Miasteczko Wilanów led to the realization of high profit margins for the developers - depending on the project, between 15% and 30% profitability was achieved.
The population density was reached, although the height limitation of the buildings to be erected (exception: temples) to 20 meters was consistently enforced. The external character of the building (shape, colors) is predominantly - as planned - varied and successful. The settlement of businessmen and thus the possibility of local supply has been realized. In 2018, the residents already had 50 restaurants available. Footpaths and bicycle paths were laid out. The specification for the creation of underground parking spaces was met; in 2016, 16,350 such parking spaces had already been created. There are only a few parking spaces in public spaces.
There are deficits in the area of public services. Although the district's modern town hall is located in Miasteczko Wilanów , there are too few public kindergartens and schools as well as medical care providers supported by the state social security. Residents either have to take advantage of private, paid offers or travel to other parts of the city. Likewise, not all builders or property management companies have adhered to the requirement to make the land they have built at least partially accessible to the public. This is how some gated communities have emerged - a form of living that is not compatible with the idea of New Urbanism ; some green areas and sports / playgrounds are not accessible to the general public. Residential areas with access control can have a negative impact on social integration and the development of a sense of community in a district. As before, the planned, central commercial, entertainment and leisure area has not been created.
The good sale of apartments led to an expansion of the building (from an original 30,000 to 50,000 inhabitants) with a reduction of green areas - as a garden city can Miasteczko Wilanów not be called more. The initial plan to build on only 30% of the total area has not been implemented. The lack of public spaces that is sometimes mentioned is the result of planning errors: the overall planning did not take into account that the district and city each have to buy land from the general developer in order to realize these spaces. Since there were only a few existing trees in the construction area, the green spaces have so far been predominantly dominated by grass areas, bushes and still young (and therefore small) tree plantings.
A central idea of New Urbanism is the mixing of living and working as well as of different social classes. These aspects do not seem feasible. The attempt to establish a large office site in the south of Miasteczko Wilanów has failed due to a lack of demand from potential tenants. Instead of the planned office buildings, further residential complexes are being built there. Of the 240,000 square meters of office space planned in the meantime, only 28,500 square meters had been realized by 2016. There was also no mixing of different social classes. In addition to wealthy penthouse owners, there are a large number of residents of small two- and three-room apartments, most of which were financed by bank loans. Nevertheless, the residents are generally quite homogeneous in terms of their good education, low unemployment, political orientation, age and family status.
structure
The location of the building area at the Wilanów palace complex and at the end of the Warsaw Royal Route required special attention when designing the project. The backbone of the district is a street network with blocks of apartment buildings, which form the facades to the streets and inside offer green courtyards for the residents. The road system is based on historical and newly designed visual and main traffic axes. The axis system was designed in the form of a so-called “Patte d'oie” (crow's foot). It is related to two dominant structures: the Palace and the Temple of Divine Providence. The extension of the park axis of the palace, which runs from east to west, is continued as Oś Królewska by Miasteczko Wilanów . This road and generous line of sight is available as a complete system under monument protection . In the new part of the city there is partly an open canal, which is surrounded by green spaces, pedestrian and cycle paths and a single-lane car lane.
Approximately from the intersection of the historic Stanisława Kostki Potockiego palace street with the palace park axis, two imaginary diagonals lead over the busy Ulica Przyczółkowa (extension of the western Vistula bank street ) and form Aleja Wilanowska and Ulica Klimczaka there . The Ulica Klimczaka , a former dirt road, leads to the temple and divides the new district into two roughly equal halves - in the north and in the south. A third east-west axis runs parallel to Ulica Klimczaka in the south, Ulica Branickiego , which will form a connection to Ursynów from 2020. From north to south Miasteczko Wilanów is accessed by the Aleja Rzeczypospolitej , which also represents a visual axis of the temple.
In Miasteczko Wilanów to the east, along Ulica Przyczółkowa , the town hall and, in the future, the shopping and entertainment center. Offices and a hospital are located in the south; they are supposed to shield the living areas from the city motorway that is under construction. To the west are the temple and the schools and kindergartens of the district.
architecture
The design of the residential complexes in Miasteczko Wilanów was based on the framework specifications of the general developer and developed within these specifications in the style of neo-modern architecture. The participation of various developers and architects' offices, which was therefore desired, led to a variety of forms which, as a whole, correspond to a cross-section of modern Polish architecture at the beginning of the 21st century. The facades of the large apartment blocks are segmented in a variety of ways.
Apartment blocks have a maximum height of five floors above ground, with the top floor set back from the facade. Penthouses with roof terraces have often been built here. Stairwells are glazed to make usage visible. All residential complexes have underground garages; an average of at least 1.5 garage parking spaces were built for each apartment. The underground car park entrances are inconspicuous. The ground floor rooms facing the streets are largely used by traders. Façade design and materials partly refer to the Wilanów Palace. Advertising is not permitted in public spaces; only the operators of commercial facilities are allowed to display them on the ground floor. The signage of streets and buildings is uniformly regulated, street lamps are replicas of historical lamps of the “bishop's staff” type.
The main developers involved were:
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The main architectural offices involved were:
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The North American landscape architect Martha Schwartz was involved in the planning of the park and green areas in the district .
history
The history of Wilanόw is closely linked to the palace built there since the 1680s. King Jan III Sobieski had the prestigious summer residence built in a rural area outside the city based on designs by Augustyn Locci the Younger . Until the expropriation in 1945, the palace with its extensive land holdings of around 6000 hectares with smaller villages ("Herrschaft Wilanów", Polish: Dobra wilanowskie ), which extended over large parts of today's city districts Wilanόws and Ursynόw, was owned by important Polish magnate families : Sieniawski , Lubomirski , Czartoryski , Potocki and Branicki . In addition to maintaining a few smaller residences (such as the palace in Natolin ), agriculture and livestock were farmed on the estate of the Wilanόw manor.
In 1951 Wilanów was incorporated into Warsaw, and in 1995 the district became a district of the city. Until the fall of the People's Republic of Poland , Wilanów was the largest in terms of area, but also the most sparsely populated district (fewer than 500 inhabitants per square kilometer) in the Polish capital. A large part of it consisted of unused farmland.
The property of the last owners of the palace was transferred to the state treasury after the expropriation in 1945. The arable land near the palace was transferred to the "Administration for Land and Forest Areas " ( Administracja Gospodarstw Rolnych i Leśnych - AGRiL ), which in 1948 formed the state farm Wilanów (a Państwowe Gospodarstwo Rolne - PGR). A short time later, the PGR was dissolved and the land was given to the Warsaw University of Natural Sciences (SGGW) to preserve the historic landscape. The agricultural college used the land in what would later be the Ursynόw district to build its new campus , which was completed by 2003. The part in Wilanów (below the Skarpa) lay fallow for decades. In the 1950s there were considerations to use this area to create a recreation area for the communist party Polska Zjednoczona Partia Robotnicza - but this plan was not implemented.
In September 1992 the newly elected (democratic) council of the city of Warsaw decided on a building development plan for the greater Warsaw area ( Miejscowy plan ogólny zagospodarowania przestrzennego m.st. Warszawy ). In addition to the development from then seven to 18 districts in the future, this plan envisaged the identification of large urban development zones in the south of the city on the west side of the river. The area of today's Miasteczko Wilanów was designated in the plan as a residential and commercial area to be developed ("MU-24"). On this basis, it was possible to rededicate the farmland held by SGGW and thus later sell it to private property developers.
First development plans
In August 1996, the Wilanów district, in cooperation with the Polish Association of Architects SARP, announced a nationwide competition for the design of the "MU-24" area. The invitation to tender provided for a design that had to be based on the existing road and axis structures. In December 1996, a design by the architects DJiO (Paweł Detko, Piotr Jurkiewicz and Michał Owadowicz) under the direction of Paweł Detko received the first prize. Its project envisaged the development of a garden city in the tradition of Warsaw districts of the interwar period, such as Saska Kępa , Żoliborz and Stara Ochota . The basic structure of Miasteczko Wilanów today goes back to this design. In May 1997, a contract was signed between the municipality and DJiO to plan the area at the intersection of Ulica Przyczółkowa and Ulica Sobieskiego near the palace . In this plan the location of the town hall, the commercial center and essential street structures were determined. In the same year, the agricultural college announced the sale of three agricultural areas totaling 169 hectares.
Purchase of the area
In 1999 Prokom Investments bought the field and meadow area. The Prokom Investments was founded in 1990, holding and investment company of the Polish entrepreneur Ryszard Krauze . At the end of the 1980s, Krauze took a stake in the then small software company Computer Studio Kajkowski and built it up into the highly profitable IT company Prokom Software ; Profitable investments in other companies followed - the entrepreneur had become one of the richest Poles in the 1990s. Krauze had established good contacts in politics and administration who should help him with the acquisition and development of the property.
In 1998 Jerzy Halski, owner of Kancelaria Podatkowa Nowy Świat (KPNS), offered Krauze the opportunity to purchase the land. Halski had signed a letter of intent with the agricultural college to acquire a section of 70 hectares and was now looking for a financially strong partner. At that time, Prokom Investments had no experience in real estate development; However, as part of a diversification , entering the booming property market in Warsaw seemed a sensible investment. So Krauze was interested. The agricultural college had not yet been able to find a buyer; There was no demand from property developers for undeveloped building land, the purpose of which was more generally defined. From November 1998 to October 1999, the university management, Halski and Krauze negotiated the acquisition of the 70 and a further 99 hectares by Prokom Investments . The purchase price paid after the contract was signed was 370 million zloty. As is often the case in Poland with property owned by the state or local authorities, the property was not acquired, only the right to perpetual usufruct (użytkowanie wieczyste).
One of the portfolio companies of Prokom Investments was the pharmaceutical manufacturer Bioton , in which Prokom Investments acquired a stake in 1996. Prokom Investments used the proceeds from the sale of shares in Bioton (25%) and bank loans (75%) to finance the acquisition of the agricultural land . The bank loans were secured with blocks of shares in Prokom Software and Bioton .
The high debt that Krauze entered into for the acquisition of the land for the future residential area was to become an existential financial problem in the following years, in which Prokom Investments had to bear unplanned additional costs.
The Polish edition of Forbes published in June 2005:
“Co więc skłoniło miliardera do wejścia w tak ryzykowną inwestycję? Złośliwi uważają, że była to chęć zbudowania sobie za życia pomnika własnego sukcesu. ”
“So what made the billionaire make such a risky investment? Spiteful voices claim that it was the wish to erect a monument to one's own success during one's lifetime. "
Krauze had made the future of his capital group dependent on the success of the new building project in Wilanów.
Planning requirements
Ryszard Krauze appointed Zbigniew Okoński, board member of Prokom Investments and former defense minister, to be responsible for the development of the real estate project.
At first, Krauze had the idea of dividing the purchased area (169 hectares) into individual plots and quickly selling it to other developers in order to achieve a quick return on investment . However, the district administration contradicted this idea and demanded that a master plan be drawn up for the overall development of the area, which should correspond to the special importance of the neighborhood to the palace, before granting individual building permits. Since the addressed property developers wanted their properties to be integrated into a viable development plan for the urban district to be created, Okoński recognized that the development of the area would take many years under the required management of Prokom Investments .
Lacking experience in the development of large residential areas, Okoński started discussions with urban development companies and specialist advisers. In 1999 the TrizecHahn Corporation was hired as a planning developer and project partner. Guy Perry, an urban developer and executive at TrizecHahn, was given the lead for drawing up a master plan for further development. A consortium was set up together with International Development Management , through which 200 million dollars were to be invested. The expression Miasteczko Wilanów was chosen as the name of the new district . TrizecHahn , who had already built the West End City Center in Budapest , was supposed to develop the commercial center.
Master plan
As a result of restructuring at TrizecHahn , the American management decided in 2000 to end all activities in Poland. Guy Perry then founded a consulting company, IN-VI Investment Vision , with which he continued to be involved in the Wilanów project from mid-2000. His goal was to build a mixed-use district with residential, business and leisure use. A self-sufficient town should emerge. Perry brought the demands of New Urbanism into the project. Further planning was based on a concept that the district administration had commissioned from the semi-state planning office BPRW ( Biuro Planowania Rozwoju Warszawy ; privatized in 2000). The BPRW plan was based on the draft of the architects DJiO from 1996. In negotiations between District, Okoński and Perry (as urban planning advisor to Prokom Investments ) details for the district planning and the granting of building permits were determined.
Perry developed the detailed planning with specifications for the individual developers to be involved. He convinced Okoński of the profitability through a long-term strategy: short-term profit maximization through quick sale and development of individual parcels would create a less attractive part of the city and thus lower assets in the medium term. As the long-term strategy had to convince the individual developers, Okoński assumed that the entire project could be realized within 10 to 12 years. The total costs should add up to around EUR 1 billion. City and district administrations agreed with Prokom Investments on the conclusion of a public-private partnership , according to which the company would build the road infrastructure and the city would pay off this over a longer period of time. The agreement made it possible for Prokom Investments to build roads at any time, which the individual developers expected as the basis for an investment.
In autumn 2000, the first part of the master plan was submitted to the district administration, which provided for the creation of around two million square meters of residential, office, commercial and service space. As early as January 2001, the development plan based on this was approved by the Wilanów district and announced in the official gazette of the Masovian Voivodeship .
First contracts
As early as December 2000, Prokom Investments transferred a five hectare building plot required for the construction of the Temple of Divine Providence to the Archdiocese of Warsaw on preferential terms . In March 1999, Krauze had reached an agreement with Primate Józef Glemp . In return, the church was to give another piece of land in Wilanów, which was expected to be transferred back, to Prokom Investments . The assignment of the land not only intensified Krauze's contacts with the powerful Polish Catholic Church, but also had a positive effect on the general recognition of the Miasteczko Wilanów project .
After TrizecHahn withdrew from the project, a Dutch development company took over the marketing of the commercial and entertainment center of the new district to be built. The main investor there should be the food retailer Auchan , who acquired around 15 hectares of land from Prokom Investments in a preliminary contract . Initial plans for the center envisaged an exclusive shopping area with 250 shops grouped around four public spaces. Connecting paths should be covered by glass roofs. In addition, the construction of restaurants, a cinema, a theater and an underground car park was planned. Auchan's selection led to opposition from competitors. Among other things, Carrefour and the Metro Group, which also had building plans in the area, intervened against the granting of a building permit, since the district administration changed previous zoning plans in favor of the Auchan project in Miasteczko Wilanów .
The first residential complexes were to be built by a consortium of Israeli real estate developers: Olimpia Real Estate Holding , Ben Zakar Gat and Rubanenko . The planned residential complexes should have created living space for 15,000 residents. In 2001 Prokom Investments was able to sell the first building plot to the real estate company Robyg . The company acquired 8.4 hectares and entered into a 51% / 49% majority partnership with Prokom Investments to build a residential complex . A contract for the construction of the new German school was also signed.
The sale of the building plot to Robyg turned out to be profitable for Prokom Investments . According to Forbes magazine estimates, Prokom had to invest around 350 złoty per square meter of building land (purchase and development costs). The selling price was around 800 złoty / square meter. By participating in the developer, Prokom earned again. Prokom Investments also implemented the investment model with the developers Fadesa Polska (a subsidiary of the Spanish Fadesa Inmobiliaria ) and PKO Inwestycje (subsidiary of the Polish PKO Bank Polski ). Regarding the 51% / 49% minority stake in the developer Wilanόw Investments , the press reported that with 1,900 residential units sold, a joint profit of 120 million zlotys was realized (18% return). The sale of building land to the three developers involved around 20% of the building land to be sold, with Prokom Investments generating around $ 75 million.
At the beginning of 2002, Okoński noted that by then Prokom Investments had spent around $ 120 million on the acquisition of the land and the first infrastructure construction measures and services. It is planned to invest another 40 million dollars in sewer and road construction over the next five years or so. At the time, Okoński estimated the total project cost to be around $ 1 billion.
start of building
In 2001 the foundation stone was laid for the construction of a new town hall. Construction work began shortly thereafter. Robyg started building the first residential complex (“Nowa Rezydencja Królowej Marysieńki”, 1st phase) at the beginning of 2002. At the end of 2003, the first apartments were handed over, and in May 2004 the first residents of the new district moved into the complex on Ulica Klimczaka . In 2003 construction began on the Temple of Divine Providence .
Since the sale of the apartments (in the down payment system according to construction progress) initially developed better than expected by the first developers, further investors were quickly found: In 2005, the Israel Land Development Company (ILDC) founded a subsidiary in Mill-Yon with the construction company Poland, through which building land in Miasteczko Wilanów was acquired. Construction began on the “Aura Park” residential complex in 2006; Prokom Investments was not involved in the developer here. Also in 2006, Prokom Investments and the BRE Bank subsidiary Skarbiec Towarzystwo Funduszy Inwestycyjnych founded the property developer Skarbiec Nieruchomości 3 and built the “Wilanόw - Królewskie Przedmieście” residential complex on an area of three hectares. In May 2004, Skanska acquired a building plot of almost four hectares on the eastern approach to the district. The developer planned to build two office buildings and a 4-star hotel here. The first property should be completed in 2006. Around 800 residential units were completed in 2006, and 1,500 in the following year. At the end of 2006, the (entire) Wilanow district had around 15,700 registered residents.
In 2007 the construction of the Medicover Hospital began. 2008, the Spanish acquired Acciona belonging Acciona Nieruchmości 3.4 hectares for the construction of the "Apartamenty Atmosfera" the (first phase) the end of 2010 were passed. A company of the Hines Interests Limited Partnership also acquired building land for a planned residential project in 2008 (“Apartamenty Impresja”). The construction of the residential complex of Wilanów Investments was also started in 2008 (joint venture between PKO Inwestycje and Prokom Investments ).
Takeover of Polnord
In August 2007 Prokom Investments transferred the rights to its land in Miasteczko Wilanów to Polnord SA , in which Prokom was already a minority shareholder. In return, Prokom Investments received around 5 million Polishord shares at a price of PLN 126.64 each. The transferred rights to use around 80 hectares were valued at 636 million złoty.
Unspecified administrative problems were named as the reason for the transaction. Since Krauze was still able to exercise control over the development of Miasteczko Wilanów through its stakes (25.7%) after the transfer , business journalists assumed that the sale would increase the valuation and thus the creditworthiness of Prokom Investments . Because of the takeover of the area and further development of the district as well as the related announcements of yields, the stock exchange price of Polnord multiplied . In order to use the land that was taken over, the board of the Polnord at the time , Wojciech Ciurzyński, had stated that 30 hectares should be sold to the city for infrastructure construction. Furthermore, the construction of additional residential complexes (390,000 square meters), office buildings (180,000 square meters) and a commercial center (90,000 square meters) are planned. Since the return on sales for the projects would be around 30%, a total profit of two to 2.3 billion zlotys can be expected over the next few years.
Polnord , the new owner of the areas still to be built in Miasteczko Wilanów , was a traditional property developer that, unlike Prokom Investments under Okoński (and with the support of Perry) , did not see itself as a general developer / master developer in the sense of urban architectural project management. Requirements for buyers and developers of individual building plots and their review have been reduced in order to achieve a faster sale of these plots. However, Polnord was unable to achieve the announced profits despite this strategy. The subsequent loss in value of the Polord shares in Prokom Investments exacerbated Krauze's increasing financial problems and led to an attempt to sell the property in 2014.
Negative development
From the summer of 2007, the effects of the real estate crisis in the USA also made themselves felt in Poland. From 2008 to 2010 house prices fell in Warsaw; the development also affected Miasteczko Wilanów . Foreign investors did not want to (or could not invest in the new district at the time due to the lack of financing options from banks). The banks' reluctance to lend also affected those home buyers requesting mortgage loans. Housing projects that had already started were not discontinued; The investment by the Fadesa subsidiary was also completed despite the bankruptcy of the parent company. However, Auchan decided not to realize the planned trading center. In mid-2008, Skanska announced that the announced construction of the business and hotel complex would not be realized. The ruins of the town hall, which had been rusting for years, became a symbol of standstill.
However, the lack of infrastructure had an increasingly negative impact on residential construction and property prices. Angry residents complained that the developers' promises had not been kept; Miasteczko Wilanów has developed into a dormitory city, not the planned city-within-a-city structure, in the opinion of the town planners and architects surveyed. The parks, public spaces and shops mentioned in the sales brochures had not been realized. Areas designated for this were partly fallow or had instead been sold for the construction of further residential areas. The district, announced by various developers as a “garden city”, had only a few green spaces. In the opinion of many critics, instead of the announced livable district of Warsaw, there was a dreary suburban atmosphere. The idea of being able to build a residential area in Poland at the beginning of the 20th century that followed the rules of New Urbanism seemed to have failed. Sales opportunities for new projects decreased.
In terms of infrastructure, the poor transport connections and the lack of public kindergarten and school places were criticized. The existing roads did not allow the use of regular buses and led to considerable traffic jams during rush hour due to inadequate overall traffic management. The cause of these problems were disputes between the general developer Polnord and the city or district administration over the responsibility for the execution of the respective necessary investments. Both sides accused each other of corresponding failures. City authorities refused to build new roads before all residential complexes were completed, fearing that they could be damaged by heavy construction equipment that was still to be used. Also the demand of the district administration for the building of educational facilities was initially refused by the city; especially the necessary acquisition of expensive land was rejected. At the end of the 2000s, 60% of the residential complexes had already been completed, but only 30% of the infrastructure.
In addition, there was a dispute between Polnord, the master planner Perry and the individual developers. The overall concept developed by Perry had too little binding force under the pressure of falling sales prices. In order to attract investors, concessions were made at the expense of the general public. This led to the fencing of residential complexes (gated communities), which were originally not supposed to take place and which now continue to curtail public space. The resulting urban freedom was exploited by investors; For example, the requirement to build underground garages was circumvented. The development was denser than planned, which resulted in additional infrastructure requirements. The fact that the master plan provided for schools, but did not split them between publicly and privately run institutes, led to a lack of public investment. Warsaw city planners such as Marek Sawicki, Grzegorz Buczek or Pawel Detko accused the authorities of having acted short-sightedly when planning the development of the district. Attempts have been made to reduce the district's financial outlay by handing over public tasks to private investors; this principle has failed and is more expensive in the end. Ultimately, there was even a dispute between the residents of Miasteczko Wilanów (represented by the individual property managers), the district administration, Polnord and the developers about who was responsible for the cleanliness, maintenance and order of the surrounding green areas and the snow removal of the sidewalks and streets.
The Miasteczko Wilanów project had attracted great interest from the media and the Warsaw population since it was announced. Local residents felt they were being looked at with envy. With the growing problems in the new district, this envy turned into malice. At that time the term "Lemingrad" was coined. At the end of 2010, Miasteczko Wilanów had a population of 21,800.
renovation
Two events led to a turning point. In the municipal elections in 2010 , Wilanów was one of the two districts of Warsaw in which the Platforma Obywatelska lost votes. The votes in Miasteczko Wilanów were decisive. The result was due to the dissatisfaction with the infrastructural development and the responsible mayor. The ruling party now only had seven seats on the council, while Miasteczko Wilanów's interest group (SMW) received two seats. The PO Wilanów drew conclusions: Rafał Miastowski resigned as mayor for “personal reasons” and Ludwik Rakowski took over his post.
On the other hand, residents' initiatives were able to motivate some of the residents to take part in self-help actions. As none of the municipal or private sponsors implemented the promised measures to beautify the district, the residents of Miasteczko Wilanów took action themselves in spring 2010. On the initiative of IN-VI, planned green areas were planted with 500 bushes in a first joint action (“Move and Plant”, May 2010). Unauthorized advertising (several hundred billboards , banners and billboards ) has been removed. Around 100 residents took part in this measure. As a result, there were further actions under the direction of IN-VI, which among other things led to a uniform design of the sidewalks and green spaces in Ulica Sarmacka . The new mayor personally participated in the residents' planting campaigns. Ultimately, IN-VI's long-term discussions with those responsible in the district administration and the developers created a willingness to contribute to improving the quality of life of the now around 20,000 residents of Miasteczko Wilanów .
In 2011 in Miasteczko Wilanów more apartments were completed in relation to the number of inhabitants than elsewhere in Poland (51 units per 1000 inhabitants). This means that more than 50% of all residents of the Wilanów district lived in the new city quarter. In October 2014 there were already 29,500 people.
Younger development
The implementation of infrastructure measures resulted in an upgrading of the district. In addition to the opening of two public schools (pre-school no. 420 in September 2014 and elementary school no. 358 in September 2016), this also included equipping the streets with a historicizing lighting system in the form of so-called “ pastorals ”. Despite the fact that one in four homeowners wanted to sell their property in 2015, the demand for living space in Miasteczko Wilanów led to an increase in the population to around 35,000 at the beginning of 2018. This means that between 10,000 and 12,000 people live in one square kilometer. Although the residential complexes were only allowed to be built up to five stories high, the highest population density in Warsaw districts was achieved. It is three times higher than the Warsaw average.
The creation and development of Miasteczko Wilanów was partly planned, partly not. The project encountered and overcame resistance from the private sector and irregularities in the public sector, and in the late 2010s is approaching the realization of the basic ideas of its planners. Despite not being perfectly implemented, the idea of the district became an inspiration for many developers in other cities.
Conflicts and scandals
As with most infrastructure projects of this magnitude, there were also various media scandals in Miasteczko Wilanów . Smaller ones related to the construction of individual residential complexes and disputes between property developers and customers. The construction of the “Oaza” housing estate came under fire in 2016 because North Korean workers were employed on the construction site . They were referred to as "work slaves" by the Warsaw media. Two politicians were accused of having a conflict of interest in granting the permit.
The problem of flooding was also discussed several times. On the one hand, in the opinion of some experts, the district is at risk of flooding if a dam on the Vistula river breaks. Although the dams in the urban area are strong enough to withstand a flood of the century, the dam between Konstancin-Jeziorna and Siekierki is in a poorer condition. Should it break here, Weichselwasser could reach the new district. On the other hand, heavy rainfall several times in the past caused the Służewiecki Canal to rise so much that water ingresses in the cellars of neighboring residential complexes. The reason here was often the poor maintenance (removal of plants and rubbish) of the canal. Other cases were perceived supraregionally and in some cases politically significant:
Jacksonlandia
Shortly after Prokom Investments bought the land in the future district , the Warsaw attorney Stanisław Sołtysiński filed claims for part of the property on behalf of Michael Jackson (or his representative Amnon Shiboleth). Pre-contractual party Halski (...) had already ceded 30 hectares to Jackson for the construction of an amusement park before signing the contract with Krauze; Krauze was not aware of this fact when the contract was signed (the first partial contract). Jackson's proposed investment got the media. It was erroneously rumored (for example by Gazeta Wyborcza in May 1999) that Krauze himself had brought about the agreement and that Jackson ceded 70 hectares of his land.
Such an amusement park (“Jacksonlandia”) would not have fitted into the concept of the new district. To clarify the situation, Okoński flew to Munich to meet Jackson on the occasion of his performance in the Munich Olympic Stadium on June 27, 1999. Since Jackson fell during his performance, the date (as well as the rest of the European tour) was canceled; as a result, the artist canceled plans for an amusement park in Poland, despite the support of leading government officials. Michał Strulak ( AWS Akcja Wyborcza Solidarność ), Mayor of Wilanów, announced in July 1999 that no amusement park would be built in Wilanów. After Jackson's rejection, Prokom Investments was able to cancel the preliminary contract with Shiboleth.
Construction of the town hall
The genesis of today's Wilanów Town Hall, which was completed in 2014, was described by the press as "epic". The problems in construction and overcoming them were perceived as representative of the development of Miasteczko Wilanów .
Since 2002, due to the delay in the construction of the new building, the district administration made temporary use of a historic building on Ulica Potockiego Stanisława Kostki , which belonged to the former brewery complex of the Wilanów rule. The district rented this building from the Agricultural University.
In September 2001 the foundation stone was laid for the new Wilanow town hall, an adjacent administration building and an adjoining residential complex at the beginning of the future Ulica Klimczaka . The Polish primate Józef Glemp and the Turkish ambassador to Poland were present. At the ceremony Glemp read a school poem about the annihilation of the Turks in front of Vienna by King Jan Sobieski, which caused the Turkish diplomats to be slightly annoyed. The overall project was a joint venture in the form of a public-private partnership ( Ratusz Wilanów Sp. Z oo ) between a Turkish property developer ( Deniz Investment Company with the main shareholder Osman Yildiz) and the Wilanów City District Administration. The community held 80% of the investment company. The contract provided for Deniz Investment Company to build the town hall and, in return, to receive around 3 hectares of building land and a building permit for the construction of the office building and the residential complex. The property that the district administration contributed was valued at around $ 7 million. The architectural firm commissioned with the design of the building was APA Kurylowicz & Associates .
First problems
The planned start of construction in August 2001 had to be postponed by a month because of problems with the issue of a bank guarantee for USD 5 million for Deniz Investment Company . The completion of the town hall should nevertheless take place on schedule for September 2002. Even at the laying of the foundation stone, allegations were made against Deniz Investment Company, which had not previously emerged as a real estate developer . It became known that Deniz Investment Company owed four million złoty to entrepreneur Dariusz Przybyła. As part of the enforcement proceedings, a bailiff briefly took over a majority of the shares in Przybyła, who subsequently acted as managing director of Deniz Investment Company . When he expelled the previous managing director, Arkadiusz Mazur, from the office in this role, there was an escalation with death threats. The police and the public prosecutor were involved.
Groundwater problem
The earthworks started at the end of 2002 included pumping out groundwater that had penetrated the excavation pit, which led to the formation of a subsidence funnel with an undesirable lowering of the groundwater level in the nearby Wilanów Castle Park.
Bribery scandal
The mayor of Wilanów, Michał Strulak, was arrested while the construction work was still in progress for accepting bribes from employees of the Turkish construction company and imprisoned for three months. In 2007, the Central Investigative Bureau ( Centralne Biuro Śledcze ) arrested the members of the community council who had decided on the tender. Eight people were charged. Because of the death of the former mayor Strulak in February 2011, the case against him was dropped. His deputy at the time, Wojciech Witecki, was sentenced to a two-year suspended sentence in the summer of 2011. The court found it proven that Deniz Investment Company had leaked information about the tender. Further convictions (probation and fines) were pronounced against other former employees of the town hall and against representatives of Turkish society. Overall, the convicts were charged with taking around USD 30,000 in bribes.
Standstill
The construction work on the town hall and the other buildings came to a virtual standstill in 2002 due to the problem of bribery and financial problems. They were not resumed for the next eleven years; at that time the shell of the project was in ruins.
The district administration did not succeed in revoking the construction permit correctly issued to Deniz Investment Company . Such a revocation would have been necessary for a new tender, as an additional building permit for the same property could not be granted. The supervisory authority could only have revoked the permit after a two-year construction stoppage. Corresponding reviews were carried out. Although not visible, the developer claimed to be working on the project regularly. In 2009, the Deniz Investment Company convinced the authorities that work would continue on the rusting buildings.
completion
Further construction could only be resumed in 2013. The Lublin construction company Henpol was hired as a construction company. Shortly after starting work, the company filed for bankruptcy. Henpol had suffered heavy losses on road construction contracts, was unable to satisfy creditors and was placed under bankruptcy administration by the court. Another company completed construction with a slight delay of 27 days. Since the originally planned building had already become too small due to the strong increase in the population of Miasteczko Wilanów , some of the functions were outsourced to the second building, which was previously designed as an office building. Here are today u. a. the registry office and a police station set up.
Sale of sewerage
Since there was no infrastructure whatsoever on the agricultural site when Prokom Investments acquired it , the company first had to carry out the necessary construction work for the sewage system for fresh water, sewage and rainwater . In total, more than 10 kilometers of pipes and collecting systems were laid. In 2006, the sewer system of the new part of the city was connected to the newly built, municipal "Sewage Treatment Plant South" ( Zakład Południe ) in Wilanów-Zawady.
In 1999 an agreement was concluded between Krauze and the district administration, which provided for the future free transfer of this network to the public sector. As a condition for fulfilling this obligation, a non-increase in the rent for the usufruct of the land was agreed. This agreement could not be kept by the district, however, as it was not he, but the ANR - Agencja Nieruchomości Rolnych (Agricultural Property Agency) who was responsible for collecting the rent on behalf of the owner of the land, the Ministry of State Assets . The 1999 agreement was signed by the then mayor of the district, Michał Strulak; it is not known why he accepted the obligation not to increase the rent; Strulak died in 2011. During the next few years, the ANR regularly increased the rent in protest from Prokom Investments . Prokom Investments subsequently declared the 1999 agreement to be invalid and demanded that the city return the investment costs for the construction of the sewer system.
With the sale of the Prokom property in Miasteczko Wilanów to Polnord in 2007, the new owner also took on these claims against the city. Polnord insisted on the sale of the sewer network to the municipal water supply company MPWiK. The value of the network (including interest) was estimated at around 100 million zloty. After the dispute was still not resolved in 2012, the residents of Miasteczko Wilanów feared that Polnord could sue them for up to 150 million złoty for using the water infrastructure, thus putting MPWiK under pressure. In the summer of 2014, the clashes between Polnord and the city escalated . In the summer, the company threatened to shut down the entire sewer system by September 2014. As a result of the threat, MPWiK employees took over the pumping stations by force and claimed that they were acting “in a state of greater necessity”. The company then filed a lawsuit for payment of 57 million złoty plus interest (a total of 70 million złoty) for the sewage network. Since the municipal water and sewage company denied the claim, a follow-up lawsuit was filed against the city in 2016 for a further 52 million złoty for the construction of the rainwater drainage system.
A first court ruling on November 3, 2016 referred to the statute of limitations for claim periods. MPWiK was sentenced to pay for the costs incurred for wastewater disposal for a period of 36 months or more prior to the filing of the lawsuit. Older claims were rejected.
Sale of the road network
There were also legal disputes and media reports when financing the necessary road network. As part of the basic agreements between the district and Prokom Investments , the company had ceded land worth around 90 million zloty to the district free of charge before construction began. The public purse was supposed to cover further land requirements through purchases. As a result, in accordance with the zoning plan drawn up by the council , Prokom Investments had to provide further plots of land in the order of 10 hectares for the construction of roads (including Ulica Klimczaka , Ulica Branickiego and Aleja Rzeczpospolitej ). The parties quarreled over the payment and valuation of this land. In 2009, the new owner of these claims, Polnord , asked the city to pay for the land.
Initially, the city and later, as a supervisory authority, the Masovian Voivodeship refused to accept an obligation to pay. In December 2011 the Wojewódzki Sąd Administracyjny (WSA, first instance of administrative jurisdiction in Poland) ruled in favor of the Polish Lords . The city filed an objection, which was dismissed in 2012 before the Naczelny Sąd Administracyjny (NSA, Supreme Administrative Court). According to the judges, the definition of the road construction led to a claim for compensation from the Polish Lord . However, the court did not quantify the claim. The subsequent negotiations between the company and the city to evaluate the land did not lead to any result. The claim of the Polish Lord (322 million zloty ) was based on a valuation of the land (180 million zloty) plus damages and interest (142 million zloty). The high valuation of the land reflects the rise in land prices (due to ongoing development and building) in Miasteczko Wilanów. The compensation also takes into account costs (for example the necessary financing) that the company incurred as a result of the city's breach of contract. Polnord was willing to compromise; the company is ready to accept installment payments or the assignment of land owned by the city. The city denied the claim in the amount. On June 28, 2013, Polnord filed a lawsuit against the city with the Warsaw District Court. In the meantime, Polnord had sold the receivables for 250 million zlotys to Polski Bank Przedsiębiorczości in order to secure the necessary liquidity. The company also reclaimed the losses resulting from this sale from the city. In the first instance in 2015, the city was sentenced to pay compensation of 47 million zlotys.
Land purchase by municipality
Public criticism was leveled at the expensive purchase of building land for the construction of schools by the public sector. In the agreements with Prokom Investments to develop the area, the district and the city failed to acquire land for the construction of public schools and kindergartens in Miasteczko Wilanów . Since the residential development in the following years turned out to be more dense than planned, the number of young families in the district rose sharply and the demands for appropriate school places increased, the city had to purchase land from the interim landowners at a high purchase price. Various property developers had acquired the necessary land from Prokom and, later, Polnord for development with residential complexes and were not interested in selling them at cost prices. The city also initially refused to accept the prices asked by the sellers for a purchase.
In 2009, Polnord sold 4.5 hectares of land on Ledóchowska Street to the city for 42 million zloty. In 2017, the purchase of a plot of land with an area of around 1,600 square meters for around 1.5 million złoty - too small to build a school there. The district administration tried to expand it through additional purchases after the city approved a budget of 30 million złoty for the construction of schools. However, the owner, Vastint, did not hand over a suitable connecting plot. Finally one of the suitable properties was acquired. For a rumored 15 million zloty , about 1.3 hectares could be taken over by the developer Robyg . The prices paid were many times higher than the original purchase price from Prokom Investments .
Shopping center controversy
The development plan for Miasteczko Wilanów provides for a shopping and entertainment center between Ulica Przyczółkowa and Ulica Gieysztora . The plot of land to be built comprises around 70,000 square meters. The master plan calls for a combination of retail, gastronomy, entertainment and cultural areas (which are integrated into the architecture of the residential complexes) in order to create a center for the residents of the district. There have been media-effective disputes about the design of this property since 2001. After TrizecHahn left , Auchan was won over as a developer for the area. However, in 2007 the French company decided not to invest in Wilanów.
GTC as co-developer
In 2010, Polnord and the listed property developer Globe Trade Center signed a contract to set up a joint venture to build the commercial and entertainment center. The start of construction was planned for the second half of 2010. The property known as “Galeria Wilanowska” was supposed to open at the turn of the year 2013/2014. Preliminary contracts for leasing sales areas to retail chains such as H & M , Reserved and other LPP companies , as well as with the drugstore chain Rossmann and the supermarket operator Carrefour , were quickly signed - even before construction began . An agreement was also concluded with Cinema City Poland for the construction of a multiplex cinema with 11 halls. The design for the property came from the architects APA Wojciechowski and Moshe Tzur .
In the following years there were disputes between the developers and the building authorities of the district and the city; no building permit was granted until 2018. Various interest groups opposed the proposed project. In addition to two residents 'organizations from Miasteczko Wilanów , residents' associations in the districts of Wilanów Wysoki and Wilanów Niski and the Wilanów Palace Museum also appealed. In 2014 the building authorities rejected the construction and demanded that the project be improved with the creation of additional green spaces. In 2016, the parties represented in the city council, PO, PiS and independent city councils again refused to grant approval. The councils demanded that the complex, which was perceived as too massive, be designed to meet the needs of local users and to take account of the historical neighborhood. The developer appealed the decision to no avail. The building authority then submitted a list of 19 decision-relevant change specifications. In September 2017, four of the issues raised had not yet been resolved by mutual agreement. For example, the developer did not meet the municipality's request for the planned large building to be divided into several individual buildings and for an underground instead of roof parking space to be created. The developer also had to implement a requirement from the highest administrative court from April 2017 on an environmental regulation. Again the approval was denied.
As the owner of the land to be built on, GTC had to pay 5 million złoty to the ANR in 2016 for the permanent usufruct of the land. GTC accused Perry of having a conflict of interest in the course of the dispute. After Perry's work as a consultant at GTC had ended, the local residents' association, which he and his wife led, began to take a stand against the project. Perry denied the allegations.
New project 2018
In June 2018 there was a change to the development plan by the district. The plan now envisaged the construction of four separate buildings and the creation of a spacious, tree-lined open space along Ulica Gieysztora . The two middle parts of the building to be used as a shopping center can be connected to one another on the upper floor. GTC then submitted a project called “Zielone Tarasy Wilanów” (Green Terraces Wilanów) by the architectural office of Thomas Pucher. The publicly accessible areas of this project draft include terraces and roof gardens.
Conflict of interest scandal
At the end of 2010 it became known that the wife of the deputy mayor of Wilanów, Jolanta Lasota, was employed as the managing director of a subsidiary of the Polnord in Lublin, Lublin Property . The media speculated that the function led to a conflict of interest for her husband. He was accused of having treated Polnord favorably when issuing building permits and requirements. As a result of the allegations, Lasota resigned from his position. Shortly afterwards, the management of the district administration was completely replaced.
Resident initiatives
The residents of Miasteczko Wilanów influence the development of the area through two district organizations and are represented in the district administration by council members:
Stowarzyszenie Mieszkańców Miasteczka Wilanów
Stowarzyszenie Mieszkańców Miasteczka Wilanów (Association of Residents of Miasteczko Wilanów ) was founded in 2007. The non-governmental organization is represented by a 10-member board. The main goal of the association is to work for the benefit of the district community for the implementation of the master plan for the development of Miasteczko Wilanów .
Fundacja Nasze Miasteczko
Fundacja Nasze Miasteczko (Our Town Foundation) was founded in April 2014 . Here, residents of the district can get actively involved to take part in activities in and for Miasteczko Wilanow (e.g. planting campaigns). The foundation wants to develop the district in the areas of culture, social affairs, education and sport. A media-effective action of the foundation was the successful resistance against the placement of the sculpture “The Pyramid of Human Needs Hierarchy” by Tadeusz Dębski on the beach in Wilanów, which was perceived as inappropriate.
Infrastructure
town hall
From July 15, 2013, the completion of the two buildings, which house departments of the district administration. The architects were Kuryłowicz & Associates , the building was completed by MPRO - Miejskie Przedsiębiorstwo Robót Ogrodniczych . Construction work was completed on September 30, 2014. The buildings are four-story, with a technical floor on the fourth floor. The roof is made of steel. The walls were made with stone cladding and with patinated copper sheet and in aluminum joinery. The usable area is 5,312 square meters. The town hall ensemble received a nomination for the Plebiscytu Polska Architektura 2014 .
church
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The foundation stone for the church building was laid on May 2nd, 2002 in the presence of Cardinal Józef Glemp ; he was blessed by Pope John Paul II on his apostolic trip to Poland in 1999 . The stone is made of granite and contains a suspected fragment of the rock from Jerusalem's Golgata hill as well as a wall remnant (foundation) of the temple site originally planned in today's Warsaw Botanical Garden .
Construction began a year later. From 2004 onwards, construction work was suspended for several years; In 2008 the work was resumed on the instructions of the Warsaw Archbishop Kazimierz Nycz . The temple was opened on November 11, 2016.
The design comes from the architects Szymborski & Szymborski . The building is a rotunda with an oval dome. It was designed as a one-piece interior with several floors. From the outside, the building is defined by a cube-like structure of massive pillars and struts. The Temple of Divine Providence is the tallest church in the Polish capital - the height with the cross is 75 meters. Around 30 tons of copper were used to clad the dome. The temple has a floor space of about 3000 square meters. The interior of the main church can accommodate up to 4,000 believers. At a height of 26 meters there are museums dedicated to Stefan Wyszyński and John Paul II. On the lower floor of the temple there is a pantheon of important Poles. The last President of the Polish government-in-exile, Ryszard Kaczorowski , Foreign Minister Krzysztof Skubiszewski and the poet Jan Twardowski are buried here.
The construction costs of the temple and the museums will have been around 250 million złoty when they are finally completed. In 2017, the church was awarded the negative prize “ Macabery of the Year 2016” ( Makabryłą Roku ) by the Polish architecture portal Bryla.pl .
education
Due to the attractiveness of Miasteczko Wilanów for young families, there is a great need for public kindergartens and schools in the district. Since the district had failed to plan such, several private kindergartens were set up in the 2000s. Students had to attend schools in other parts of the city. From 2015, there was also the construction of public facilities. Schools and kindergartens are mainly located on the western edge of Miasteczko Wilanów .
Public facilities
On Ulica Ledóchowskiej and Ulica Hlonda there are public kindergartens no. 420 and no. 424 as well as the public primary school SP 358. The district acquired around 15,000 square meters of land to build another primary school in 2017 and 2018 on the extension of the Oś Królewska ( near Ulica Zdrowej ). A three-storey facility for 750 schoolchildren is to be built here. The municipality paid about 20 million złoty for the property; completion is planned for September 2020. In the spring of 2018, the district administration also submitted an application to the city to change the development plan for a two-hectare property behind the Temple of Divine Providence . Instead of the previously planned apartment blocks, a complex of a public kindergarten, preschool and elementary school is to be built.
German kindergarten
The German kindergarten in Warsaw has been located in a building on Ulica Hlonda 3 in the immediate vicinity of the German school since spring 2018 . It has around 80 places and its educational concept is based on the orientation plan for education for kindergartens in Baden-Württemberg. The design of the toddler group (children from the age of 20 months) follows the principle of the prepared environment according to Maria Montessori's approach . The children between the ages of four and six attend pre-school, where targeted German language training is implemented.
British Primary School
The private facility includes a kindergarten and a primary school. The institute is located at Ulica Hlonda 12 . The still young school (opened in 2015) had a status as a membership candidate at COBIS (Council of British International Schools), a coordination office for private British schools abroad. Full membership in COBIS is sought.
German School (Willy Brandt School)
Until 2014, the German School in Warsaw was located in a building on Ulica Wandy Rutkiewicz in Wilanów. The purchase of a plot of land for a new building was negotiated with Prokom Investments as early as 2000 . This made the German school one of the first institutional investors in Miasteczko Wilanów . The school is located on Ledóchowskiej Street and adjoins the grounds of the Temple of Divine Providence . Construction began in 2013 and was completed in 2014. The complex on the 20,000 square meter site consists of four individual structures for a primary school, grammar school, auditorium and sports hall. They are connected to each other at the corners. The gross floor area is 9,420 square meters, the usable area 5,765 square meters. The buildings have 34 classrooms, 17 specialist and preparation rooms, a 560 square meter auditorium and a large two-field sports hall, as well as various administration and social rooms. There are sports and leisure facilities outside. The project comes from Staab Architects ; the total cost of the construction was around 18.9 million euros. The primary school has 125 places, in the grammar school part ( secondary levels I and II ) 400 pupils can be taught.
Akademeia High School
Akademeia is a private high school designed to prepare Polish students for study at Cambridge and Oxford Universities . It was founded in 2006 by Andrzej Dethloff, and the first classrooms were on Plac Trzech Krzyży . The decision to build a school building in Miasteczko Wilanów was made in 2015. The investment company Tacit (including the owner of the Cosmopolitan Twarda 2/4 skyscraper ) took over the financing and contractually agreed to lease the property to the school at special rates. The new building was moved into in September 2017. The architects from Medusa Group designed a building on a rectangular U-shaped floor plan, the rear central section of which is designed in the shape of an atrium. In 2017, the project was awarded the Polish Prize for Sustainable Architecture ( PLGBC Green Building Award ) for its ecologically sustainable approach . The building has a floor space of 4961 square meters; around 1000 square meters of the roof are planted, and crops used in the kitchen are also grown here. The school has modern laboratories for biological, chemical and physical experiments and research and offers the possibility of teaching outdoors in the summer.
Further private school buildings are under construction or planned. This includes the private, bilingual Einstein primary school at Ulica Hlonda 20 .
Medical supplies
Health care in the district is provided by state and private providers. A public children's clinic ( Przychodnia Lekarska dla Dzieci ) is located at Ulica Klimczaka 4 .
Private clinics
Private polyclinics emerged mainly in the 2000s in several places in the district. Services of these institutions ( Meditnel , Citymed , Zdrowia Wilanów , Unicare , CMP Wilanów , Eskupalek ) are usually not financed by the Polish State Health Fund NFZ of the State Social Insurance Institution ZUS . The nationally active, private health companies Enel-Med , Luxmed and Medicover also have larger polyclinics in Miasteczko Wilanów .
Szpital Medicover
The Medicover Hospital in Miasteczko Wilanów is the first and largest private general hospital in Poland. It has 180 beds and a medical staff of 170 doctors, 80 nurses and 29 technicians ( radiology and ultrasound ). The hospital consists of eight departments: Anaesthesiology , Surgery , Gynecology , Obstetrics , Internal Medicine , Cardiology , Pediatrics, and Plastic / Aesthetic Surgery . In addition, an intensive care unit , a diagnostic center and a counseling center are operated. There is also a restaurant, a pharmacy and a hotel for relatives of the patients in the building. The hospital building was designed by the architects Atelier 7 . It has a floor space of around 22,000 square meters. The construction work was completed in April 2009 and the construction costs amounted to around EUR 40 million.
In 2007, a representative from Polnord announced that the sale price of the property was well below the market price at the time (approx. 2,500 złoty) as the hospital was a necessary facility for the residents of the district.
traffic
Miasteczko Wilanów is served by individual and public transport .
Road traffic
The main arteries are Aleja Rzecyspospolitej , Oś Królewska , Ulica Klimczaka , Ulica Sarmacka and Ulica Branickiego . Extensions of Oś Królewska and Ulica Branickiego to the Ursynów district (connection to Ulica Ciszewskiego and Ulica Płaskowickiej ) are planned by 2023 . One problem with the implementation of this expansion is the nature conservation status of the Ursynów embankment ( Natura 2000 ). By 2024, the Aleja Rzecyspospolitej is to be extended as Ulica Wiedeńska to the Wilanów district of Powsin.
The expansion of the southern motorway belt ( Droga ekspresowa S2 ) should be completed by August 2020. Then Miasteczko Wilanów on the westernmost junction Ursynów Wschód and the eastern junction at Ulica Przyczółkowa be achievable.
Bus routes
The Warsaw Transport Company ( ZTM Zarząd Transportu Miejskiego w Warszawie ) has several bus stops on lines 522 (to the center) and 217 (to the Wilanowska metro station ) in Miasteczko Wilanów . The two lines run over the Aleja Rzecyspospolitej to the end station Ulica Branickiego , stops are among others. a. at the crossroads with Oś Królewska and Ulica Klimczaka . In addition, the district is connected to the bus routes E2, 116, 130, 139, 163, 164, 180, 317, 200, 251, 264, 339 and 519 via bus stops on Ulica Sobieskiego, Aleja Wilanowska and Ulica Przyczółkowa .
Planned construction of a tram
A tram connection to Miasteczko Wilanów is to be built from 2019 to 2021 . The new line, which will partially run on existing routes, is to be built in five construction phases. The total length will be 18 kilometers - from the city district of Wola (Warsaw) to Wilanów. The fourth and fifth construction phases (D and E) concern the connection with the existing routes along Ulica Puławska and Aleja Niepodległości (each at the level of Ulica Racławicka ). The two end stations are to be built on Ulica Przyczółkowa and Ulica Branickiego / Ulica Herbu Janina . Most of the new route will run along Ulica Sobieskiego and Aleja Rzecyspospolitej . The new building will be the largest investment in Warsaw's tram network since the early 1990s. The client is Tramwaj Warszawskie . Initial estimates put the construction costs at around 300 million złoty.
Underground connection
In the primary campaign for the local elections in 2018 , the candidate of Prawo i Sprawiedliwość (PiS) for the function of mayor , Patryk Jaki, announced that if he were elected, two more metro lines would be built in Warsaw, one of which would be a station in Miasteczko Wilanów should receive. The proposal was immediately rejected as unrealistic by a representative of the current mayor, Hanna Gronkiewicz-Waltz .
Office area
In the south of Miasteczko Wilanów are the Wilanów Office Park and the smaller Robyg Business Center . Originally, the developer Polnord intended to build 18 free-standing office buildings up to four storeys high for Wilanów Office Park in a spacious green area with bodies of water. A total of around 140,000 square meters of office space was to be created here on an area of 17 hectares. This office area should delimit the residential area in the south from the S2 city motorway, which is to be built by 2019. The future office area was also sometimes referred to as the Technology Park ( Park Technologiczny ). The designs for the entire facility came from two architectural offices : HRA Architekci designed the northern part, Mąka Sojka Architekci the southern part.
The first buildings were built in 2010, the leasing had already been transferred to Cushman & Wakefield in 2009. Construction work on three buildings so far was completed in 2014. These first three building complexes comprise a rentable office space of 21,600 square meters. Building A ( Ulica Branickiego 13 ) is an asymmetrical complex consisting of five interconnected wings with three above-ground floors and rounded windows on the wing front sides; it was tailored to the needs of Asseco Poland and sold to the software house in June 2012. It offers space for 1,200 employees and the construction costs were around 120 million zlotys.
The other two office buildings ( Ulica Branickiego 15 and 17 ) were designed with ecological sustainability in mind. Both have been BREAM certified. Companies such as Pol-Aqua, CSL Behring , Polnord SA, Hill & Knowlton , Triumph International and Levi Strauss & Co. have rented here. Polski Holding Nieruchomości acquired the two properties at the end of 2018 .
To stop construction on other planned office buildings, Polnord announced that it would be difficult to rent the office space. This was justified with the poor transport connections; the Ulica Branickiego will not be connected to Ursynów until 2019. The developer therefore decided to build easier-to-sell residential complexes instead of additional office buildings. The change in the development plan and the approval by the responsible building department of the Wilanów district led to protests from various institutions. The new plans cannot be reconciled with the original master plan, nor does it make sense to build residential buildings directly on the expressway. In the course of the mayor's decision-making authority for further changes to the plan was withdrawn from the head of the department; however, this withdrawal no longer affected an already approved residential complex. The first apartment house in the new settlement "Brzozowy Zakątek" was completed in early 2017.
The Robyg Business Center was built between 2012 and 2015 at the southern end of Miasteczko Wilanów . Originally it was to consist of three buildings: two office buildings with 10,000 and 25,000 square meters of usable space and a free-standing garage. So far, only the smaller office building and the controversial multi-storey garage have been built. The office building consists of five floors above ground. It has commercial space (retail, fitness center) as well as 6,000 square meters of office space. The design comes from the architects Atelier 3 Girtler & Girtler . Together with the parking garage, the building has 1,000 parking spaces. Here too, the plan to build more office space was abandoned. Instead of the second office complex, a residential complex ( Ulica Herbu Janina 3 ) was also built.
The Royal Wilanów office building is located next to the office site on Branickiego Street , on the prestigious Miasteczko Wilanów driveway opposite the Wilanów Palace . Here it forms an architectural unit with the town hall, which with the adjacent green and play areas has become a much-used leisure area for the residents. Construction of the building began in August 2013 and was completed in August 2015. It consists of three underground and five above-ground floors and has 921 underground parking spaces. The architecture comes from JEMS Architekci . The total usable area is around 35,000 square meters, of which around 30,000 are offices. The rest (lower and ground floor) is used by retailers and restaurants. The investment costs amounted to around 212 million zlotys. The developer was Grupa Capital Park . The building has been certified by the British Research Establishment with the BREEAM award for its ecological sustainability.
Parks and sports facilities
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At the intersection of Aleja Wilanowska and Ulica Przyczółkowa , opposite the palace ensemble, there is around 20,000 square meters of fallow land. This area borders in the south on the extension of the Oś Królewska and in the west on the residential complex Royal Park . The area known from 2011 to 2016 as “Plaża” (beach; for a time the area was covered with sand from the Baltic Sea ( Gdynia ) and served in summer as a venue for sports and children's events or open-air concerts and film screenings) is to be closed in the future a park with dining options and a small amphitheater . Currently there is a children's playground, a dog training area and some fitness equipment. In 2001 a sculpture by the Wilanow artist Tadeusz Dębski was placed in the middle. The nine meters high, made of brass "Buława Sobieskiego" is said to be on the mace of Jan III. Remember Sobieski and the liberation of Vienna by the Polish troops; it is popularly known as "Trzepaczka" ( whisk ). According to Dębski's imagination, it is the miniature of a 72-meter-high tower (“Buła Sobieski”) to be erected here, which is to be equipped with a viewing platform and restaurant.
Two traffic axes in Miasteczko Wilanów are developed like a park: Oś Królewska and Ulica Klimczaka have planted canal banks, there are also green areas with playgrounds and water features along the two streets. A running track was laid out in the Klimczaka park. At the crossroads of Oś Królewska and Ulica Sarmacka there is a monument to Sobieski. The monument, titled “Pierwszy Obywatel Wilanowa” (First Citizen of Wilanów), was moved from its previous location (inauguration in 2001) at the Przyczółkowa / Klimczaka intersection to Oś Królewska in 2014 by decision of the Warsaw City Council . The sculptor for the work advertised in 1997 is Edward Jeliński. The bronze group of figures depicts the seated king with his wife " Marysieńka " standing next to him and two hunting dogs.
The first private park in Poland of the 21st century was established in Miasteczko Wilanów . The approximately 20,000 square meter Ostoja Park in the west with old trees is restricted, it belongs to the "Ostoja" settlement and access is only permitted to residents of the associated residential complexes. Access is controlled with a chip card reader.
The individual residential complexes have gardens with playgrounds in their courtyards; these areas are only partially accessible to the public. The parks of the "Ostoja" and "Oaza" residential complexes have bodies of water.
In addition to the schools' sports facilities, there is a small outdoor sports area on the western edge of the district in Ulica Worobczuka . The facility has a basketball and soccer field.
Demographics
The inhabitants of Miasteczko Wilanów belong to the emerging new middle class in Poland, their social status is similar. The average age among adults is 35 to 40 years. The proportion of young families is very high. The proportion of registered foreigners is also above average for Warsaw. Due to the high birth rate and the constant creation of new housing in Miasteczko Wilanów , Wilanów is the fastest growing urban district in Warsaw. In the period from 2004 to 2015, the number of residents in the district doubled. Further growth of up to 144% is forecast up to the year 2050.
It is estimated that around half of the adult residents of Miasteczko Wilanów were born in Warsaw (especially Wilanów and Ursynów) or the southern environs of Warsaw (such as Konstancin-Jeziorna or Piaseczno ).
Education, employment and finance
Unemployment in the district is low. In 2015 it was only 0.6%. The average weekly working time is over 40 hours. Work is often done in international companies that are located in the Służewiec Przemysłowy (called: "Mordor") district of the Mokotów district about six kilometers away . Many residents also work as freelancers. In 2017, the residents of the (entire!) Wilanów district had the third highest purchasing power (after the inner city and Mokotów ) of the Warsaw districts (EUR 12,841 / person / year). Since most of the homes were purchased through bank loans, the residents' debt rate is high. Some of the loans were taken out on a Swiss franc basis; a deterioration in the exchange rate sometimes leads to financial problems. The best educated women in the country live in the Wilanów district.
Family and children
The high birth rate among the residents of the district is reflected in the increase in the (natural) population development (difference between birth rate and death rate ) of the district. In 2005 (the start of construction in Miasteczko Wilanów ), the rate of population growth in the Wilanów district was 0.83. In 2010 it was already 13.25. Wilanów thus achieved the highest birth rate in Poland (18 births per 1,000 inhabitants compared to 9.6 births nationwide); an exception to the global trend that better educated women have fewer children. The obesity rate among children is the lowest in Warsaw.
Political classification and self-administration
The residents of Miasteczko Wilanów are self-confident because they are well educated and professionally successful. The turnout is among the highest in Poland; in 2010, 76.81% voted in the presidential election . The desire for order is strong; also the willingness to jointly advocate the desired quality of life and environment. In 2011, no traffic accidents were recorded in the district. The crime rate is the lowest of any part of Warsaw. Negative developments in other parts of the city (e.g. traffic, advertising) should be prevented in Miasteczko Wilanów . Approval for national liberal politics is high. In the 2010 presidential election, the Platforma Obywatelska (PO) candidate , Bronisław Komorowski , achieved a record result of 85%. In the regional elections , also taking place in 2010 , the PO was able to prevail again in the Wilanów district, but had to accept the loss of two seats on the council. These went to independent representatives of the Miasteczko Wilanów district . Politically right-wing media and commentators refer to the district as "Lemingrad" because of the homogeneity of its inhabitants and their clear political orientation.
Awards
Miasteczko Wilanów has received worldwide attention for years. The project is regularly presented at international industry events (such as MIPIM ). Various buildings in Miasteczko Wilanów have received awards for their architecture or environmental sustainability. But the district as a whole has also received several awards:
- The project was presented twice (2001 in New York City and 2002 in Geneva ) at meetings of the United Nations , where it was recognized as an example of its balanced, sustainable planning.
- In 2008 Miasteczko Wilanów received the “Excellence Award” from the international specialist planning association ISOCARP . The award was given for the willingness of private investors to meet public (urban planning) needs. This includes the implementation of a city-within-the-city master plan, which provides for mixed development (living and working) and integration into the urban environment. Miasteczko Wilanów was the only award-winning project in the competition that was not developed by the public sector, but by a private investor.
- In 2010 the district received the “ Global Award of Excellence ” from the Urban Land Institute (ULI). Miasteczko Wilanów was the only project in Europe that received the award that year.
- In the Guangzhou International Award for Urban Innovation competition in 2012 in Guangzhou , Miasteczko Wilanów was recognized as a “Deserving city”.
Known residents
The fluctuation among residents in the district is high. Among other things, well-known personalities from politics, culture and entertainment lived or live here, such as:
- Danuta Błażejczyk (* 1953, singer)
- Edyta Górniak (* 1972, singer)
- Anna Guzik (* 1976, actress)
- Marcin Hakiel (* 1983, dancer)
- Patryk Jaki (* 1985, politician)
- Tomasz Kaczmarek, (* 1976, politician)
- Jacek Poniedziałek (* 1965, actor)
- Joanna Sydor (* 1975, actress)
- Andrzej Zieliński (* 1962, actor)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Michał Kisiel, Od boomu do mizerii. Gorąca dekada na rynku nieruchomości , September 2, 2015, Bankier.pl (in Polish)
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Edward J. Olchowicz, New Urbanism on a Grand Scale: The Challenges for Large-Scale, Multi-Phase Master Planned Developments , s. LitVerz
- ↑ a b c d e Radosław Omachel, Ryszard Krauze. Pan na Lemingradzie , July 26, 2013, Newsweek Polska (in Polish)
- ↑ a b c d e f Olga Kowalska, Miasteczko Wilanów - twór idealny z wadą fabryczną? , December 8, 2013, Urbnews.pl (in Polish)
- ↑ Alexander Tölle, district development on inner-city riverside zones: the examples Hamburg HafenCity, Lyon Confluence and Gdańska Młode Miasto , ISBN 978-3-923421-17-6 , Leue, 2005, p. 113
- ↑ Guy Perry, Building a Community on Pride , p. 2, see LitVerz
- ↑ a b c d e f Justin Foote, Designing human-centric cities , November 20, 2015, Architecture Now (in English)
- ↑ a b c Michał Wojtczuk, “Miasteczko Wilanów najdoskonalsze na świecie” Czyżby? , October 14, 2010, Gazeta Wyborcza (in Polish)
- ↑ a b c Biuletyn historii sztuki, volume 65, issue 3-4, Państwowy Instytut Sztuki (Poland), Politechnika Warszawska, Zakład Architektury Polskiej and Stowarzyszenie Historyków Sztuki (eds.), 2003, p. 541 (in Polish)
- ↑ a b c d e Michał Wojtczuk, 10 lat Miasteczka Wilanów: jak się żyje w Lemingradzie? , May 12, 2014, Gazeta Wyborcza (in Polish)
- ↑ a b c d e f g h Justyna Pakuła, Miasteczko Wilanów - studium przypadku , p. LitVerz.
- ↑ a b c Michał Wojtczuk, Miasteczko Wilanów to społeczna bańka. Potrzebujemy osiedli, które są zróżnicowane. Takie mają być mieszkania komunalne , April 17, 2018, Gazeta Wyborcza (in Polish)
- ↑ a b c d e f Daria Dziewięcka, Mieszkańcy Miasteczka Wilanów to na pewno nie są lemingi. Świadoma, aspirująca klasa średnia. Wielu rdzennych warszawiaków - mówi nam Jan Śpiewak , metrowarszawa.pl (in Polish)
- ↑ Maciej Czerski, Osiedle w polu nowym symbolem Wilanowa , November 10, 2010, tvn.pl (in Polish)
- ↑ Steffen Möller , There are more hipsters in Warsaw than in Berlin , March 11, 2015, Welt Online
- ↑ Uchwała nr 152 Rady Dzielnicy Wilanów m. st. Warszawy z dnia 26 września 2006 r. , Decision of the Wilanów district administration on the division of the district, September 2006 (in Polish)
- ↑ City - Culture - Landscape, documentation of an international conference on the endangerment of historical urban cultural landscapes and the possibilities of their preservation for communal and regional development on February 12th and 13th, 2009 in Osnabrück , organizer: ARL - Academy for Spatial Research and Regional Planning u. a., DBU Deutsche Bundesstiftung Umwelt (Ed.), 2009, p. 92
- ↑ a b Woda w sercu osiedla , May 6, 2015, Teraz Wilanow (local free newspaper ), in Polish
- ↑ Katarzyna Rędzińska and Magdalena Jędraszko – Macukow, Osiedla “Aspern Seestadt” w Wiedniu i “Miasteczko Wilanów” w Warszawie w świetle ideizielonej infrastructure Settlements “Aspern Vienna idea's Urban Lakeside” and “Wilanów of Town” in Warsaw in the green of the light infrastructure , Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego, Volume XXXVI, pp. 73–84, 2013 (icm.edu.pl)
- ↑ Florian Koch, Between Transformation and Globalization - Real Estate Market and Urban Development in Warsaw , Institute for European Urban Studies, Bauhaus University Weimar, in: KJ Witt, 2005, p. 6
- ↑ a b c d e f g Warsaw, Poland: Creating a Dense, Humane and Sustainable Urban Extension ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Guangzhou International Award for Urban Innovation, February 9, 2017 (in English)
- ↑ a b c d Wilanów Town , January 16, 2008, The Warsaw Voice (in English)
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j Historia Miasteczka Wilanów , Polishord SA website, accessed on July 8, 2018 (in Polish)
- ↑ a b Tomasz Bradecki, Urban open space and the compact city case studies in Poland , Silesian Technical University (in English)
- ↑ Karolina Tulkowska, Individualism and background architecture: Education dilemmas in the days of breakthrough , Architectus , Edition 2/2010 (28), pp. 209-214 (in English)
- ↑ Courses: Miasteczko Wilanow; Landscape Matrix , Harvard University Graduate School of Design (in English)
- ↑ a b Monika Grubbauer and Joanna Kusiak, Chasing Warsaw: Socio-Material Dynamics of Urban Change Since 1990 , in: Interdisciplinary Urban Research, Issue 15, ISBN 978-3-593-39778-8 , Campus Verlag, 2012, p. 99 (in English)
- ↑ Jacek Gądek: Miasteczko Wilanów to świetne miejsce do życia i dyżurne osiedle do chłostania , April 25, 2018, Gazeta Wyborcza (in Polish)
- ↑ Małgorzata Zdancewicz (Red.), The spacial policy of Warsaw , Office of Architecture and Spatial Planning of the Capital City of Warsaw City Hall, p. 41 , Warsaw 2007 (in English)
- ↑ a b Aleksandra Sheybal-Rostek, Drugi życie pomnika Jana III Sobieskiego , August 28, 2014, warszawa.pl (in Polish)
- ↑ Jarosław Osowski, Wilanow. Nazewnicze Radio Erewań. “Nasz Franciszek powinien być Józefem” , September 8, 2016, Gazeta Wyborcza (in Polish)
- ↑ a b Gregorz Piątek, Wilanów - A Tale of a city (Wilanów - bajka o mieśce) , pp. 72–81 (in English)
- ^ Paris of the North , Project: The promised city , Goethe-Institut Warsaw (in English)
- ↑ Urbanity.pl
- ^ History of the Palace , on the Palace Museum website
- ↑ Małgorzata Zubik and Tomasz Urzykowski, Spadkobiercy rodziny Branickich zgłosili ogromną liczbę roszczeń. Finału spraw nie widać , October 6, 2017, Gazeta Wyborcza (in Polish)
- ↑ University History on the SGGW website (in English)
- ↑ a b Piotr Szpanowski, Otoczenie rezydencji wilanowskiej on the website of the Palace Museum (in Polish)
- ↑ Witold Pietrusiewicz (Ed.), Miejscowy plan ogólny zagospodarowania przestrzennego m.st. Warszawy z 1992 roku , July 10, 2013, website of the City of Warsaw: Development plan of the City of Warsaw from 1992 with detailed drawings, here: Rysunek planu, część południowo-wschodnia: Mokotów, Praga-Pd., Ursynów, Wawer, Wilanów (in Polish)
- ↑ a b Prokom Investments zainwestuje 160 mln USD w Wilanowie , February 4, 2002, Parkiet (in Polish)
- ↑ Tomasz Jóźwik, Niekończąca się historia Ryszarda Krauzego. Kolejne kłopoty z prokuraturą nie dają o nim zapomnieć , December 19, 2017, Dziennik (in Polish)
- ↑ a b c d e f g h Nowe oblicze integratora , edition 06/2005, Forbes Polska (in Polish)
- ↑ Miasteczko prezesa Prokomu , August 12, 2000, Rzeczpospolita (in Polish)
- ↑ a b Właściciel Miasteczka Wilanów trafia na sprzedaż. Kto go kupi? , June 4, 2014, Gazeta Wyborcza (in Polish)
- ↑ a b c Michał Wojtczuk, Krauze zerwał umowę. Miasteczko Wilanów utonie w ściekach? , August 27, 2014, Gazeta Wyborcza (in Polish)
- ↑ Key events in BIOTON's history. ( Memento of the original from July 5, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ a b Wilanow Town, Warsaw , in: Tuna Taşan-Kok, Budapest, Istanbul, and Warsaw: Institutional and special change , ISBN 978-90-5972-041-1 , Eburon Uitgeverij BV, 2004, p. 274 (in English )
- ↑ a b c Florian Koch, Example Miasteczko Wilanow , in: The European City in Transformation: Urban Planning and Urban Development Policy in Post-Socialist Warsaw , ISBN 978-3-531-92109-9 , Springer-Verlag, 2009, p. 216
- ↑ Miłosz Węglewski, Klęska Ryszarda Krauze , January 31, 2016, Newsweek Polska (in Polish)
- ↑ a b Michał Matys, Opowieść o Ryszardzie Krauze i jego firmie Prokom, która komputeryzuje ZUS , July 17, 1999, Gazeta Wyborcza
- ↑ a b Aleksandra Lemańska, Pierwsze inwestycje w Miasteczku Wilanów , June 1, 2007, Murator Plus (in Polish)
- ↑ Agnieszka Janas and Radosław Górecki, Prokom z Auchan wydadzą 0.6 mld zł na centrum Miasteczka Wilanów , October 15, 2002, Puls Biznesu (in Polish)
- ^ Inwestycje Miasteczko Wilanów , February 8, 2002, Gazeta Wyborcza
- ↑ a b c d e Michał Wojtczuk, Co robią w Wilanowie, żeby dzielnica nie była tylko sypialnią? , November 6, 2014, Gazeta Wyborcza
- ↑ a b c Konrad Majszyk and Maciej Szczepaniuk, Miasteczko Wilanów prawie jak wioska , February 4, 2008, Rzeczpospolita (in Polish)
- ↑ a b A. R., Polnord poised for profit , April 6, 2007, The Warsaw Voice (in English)
- ↑ a b Ireneusz Sudak, Spółki Ryszarda Krauzego sprzedają akcje Polnordu , June 4, 2014, wyborcza.biz (in Polish)
- ↑ Guy Perry, Building a Community on Pride , p. 3, see LitVerz
- ↑ a b c d Ewa Andrzejewska, Wybuduj sobie miasteczko: Deweloperzy nie boją się hektarowych wyzwań , edition 11/2007 (November 2007), Eurobuild CEE
- ↑ a b c d Michał Wojtczuk, Miasteczko Wilanów doskonałością urbanistyczną? , November 8, 2008, Gazeta Wyborcza (in Polish)
- ↑ a b Maciej Szczepaniuk, Miasteczko Wilanów, czyli luksus bezzieleni, sklepów i rozrywki , March 28, 2008, Życie Warszawy.pl (in Polish)
- ↑ a b Dariusz Bartoszewicz, Apokalipsa Warszawy jeszcze w XXI wieku , March 17, 2008, Gazeta Wyborcza (in Polish)
- ↑ Monika Komorowska, Gated Warsaw , in: Nikolai Roskamm, Stefan Höffken (Eds.): Przy Bazantarni, Warsaw - Public Space and Gated Communities (Urban Design Workshop 2009), gray series of the Institute for Urban and Regional Planning, Technical University Berlin , No. 26, Berlin 2010, p. 7
- ↑ a b Aleksander Pińsi and Małgorzata Zdziechowska, Szklane miasta , August 31, 2008, Wprost (in Polish)
- ^ Review of: Wolfgang Schmidt, Stadtheimaten. German-Polish insights , ISBN 978-3-86859-082-1 , Jovis Verlag, Berlin 2011
- ↑ Krzysztof Majak, Miasteczko Wilanów się kończy? Spokojnie, lemingi z Wilanowa trzymają się mocno. “To zawiść” , February 10, 2015, Natemat.pl (in Polish)
- ↑ a b c Sławomir Bielański, Wilanów - zaufana dzielnica Pani Prezydent , September 10, 2013, politykawarszawska.pl (in Polish)
- ↑ Tomasz Szpyt, Mieszkańcy rozbudowują Wilanów , May 18, 2010, Dziennik .pl (in Polish)
- ^ Dariusz Kostrzewski, Miasteczko Wilanów. Kolejne osiedle bez składu i ładu? Tu jest sens, porządek, układ miejski , November 26, 2017, Gazeta Wyborcza (in Polish)
- ↑ Młodzi warszawiacy coraz częściej kupują mieszkania w Wilanowie - dlaczego? , January 13, 2015, wprost.pl (in Polish)
- ↑ History abstract (photos) , school website (in Polish)
- ↑ Homepage of the school (in Polish)
- ↑ Ada Kusmierek, Miasteczko Wilanów z nowoczesnym systemem oświetlenia , April 14, 2016, Radio Eska (in Polish)
- ↑ Lemingrad na sprzedaż. Wielka ucieczka z Wilanowa , February 10, 2015, Dziennik (in Polish)
- ↑ Małgorzata Zubik, Parking zamiast boiska? Urzędnicy planują szkołę bez miejsca dla dzieci do gry w piłkę, ale za to z miejscami dla samochodów , April 28, 2018, Gazeta Wyborcza (in Polish)
- ↑ Florian Kellermann, Luxury in Warsaw: The Rich Poles Disappear Behind Walls , September 13, 2016, Deutschlandfunk Kultur
- ↑ North Korea: The Slave Driver , June 23, 2017, Wirtschaftswoche
- ↑ Ewa Jankowska, Koreańczycy pracują dla dewelopera w Wilanowie. Kto jeszcze? Radny PO z Komisji Infrastruktury na Białołęce. MJN: “Conflict interesów jest oczywisty” , April 13, 2016, Metro Warszawa (in Polish)
- ↑ Zobacz czy cię zaleje. Mapa terenów zagrożonych , May 20, 2010, Gazeta Wyborcza (in Polish)
- ↑ Znów zalana stolica, tym razem Wilanów i Wawer , November 15, 2011, Onet.pl (in Polish)
- ↑ Piotr Karnaszewski, Inwestycja na serio w rozrywkowej branży , April 23, 2012, Forbes Polska (in Polish)
- ↑ Jacksonland: Kolejne zapowiedzi budowy parku , issue No. 176/1999 (July 30, 1999), Gazeta Wyborcza (Stołeczna), p. 4 (in Polish)
- ↑ project Folwark - efekty warsztatów architektonicznych , site of the Castle Museum Wilanow (in Polish)
- ↑ a b Ewa Kielak Ciemniewska, Miasto w mieście , June / July 2012 issue (6–7 / 2012), Stolica - Warszawski Magazyn Ilustrowany , pp. 21–26 (in Polish)
- ↑ a b Dariusz Bartoszewicz, Miasteczko Wilanów. Pierwsze wyburzenia niedoszłych apartamentowców , November 19, 2016, Gazeta Wyborcza (in Polish)
- ↑ a b c Ratusz Wilanowa ma być gotowy za rok , September 27, 2001, Gazeta Wyborcza (in Polish)
- ↑ a b Prezes stanie przed sądem , February 4, 2003, Zyciewarszawy.pl (in Polish)
- ↑ a b Paweł Mazur, Deniz IC udzieli gwarancji bankowych dla Wilanowa , August 21, 2001, Puls Biznesu (in Polish)
- ↑ Act oskarżenia ws. ratusza w Wilanowie , September 10, 2007, Wprost .pl (in Polish)
- ↑ a b c Michał Wojtczuk, Nie żyje były burmistrz Wilanowa. Nie doczekał wyroku , February 17, 2011, Gazeta Wyborcza (in Polish)
- ↑ Michał Wojtczuk, Budowa ratusza za łapówkę. Były burmistrz skazany , June 1, 2011, Gazeta Wyborcza (in Polish)
- ↑ Guy Perry, Building a Community on Pride , p. 4, see LitVerz
- ↑ Michał Wojtczuk, Miasteczko Wilanów. Turecki szkieletor do rozbiórki. Na jego miejscu nowe osiedle na 280 mieszkań , October 26, 2016, Gazeta Wyborcza (in Polish)
- ↑ Aneta Gawrońska, Reanimacja betonowego kikuta , May 11, 2009, Rzeczpospolita (in Polish)
- ↑ Turcy po kryjomu budują ratusz Wilanowa? , March 7, 2009, Gazeta Wyborcza (in Polish)
- ↑ Michał Wojtczuk, Klątwa w Wilanowie: budowa ratusza znowu stanęła , December 27, 2013, Gazeta Wyborcza (in Polish)
- ↑ a b Dariusz Bartoszewicz, comment: Obywatele, otwórzcie portfele! Ile dokładamy do Miasteczka Wilanów? , November 3, 2016, Gazeta Wyborcza (in Polish)
- ↑ a b c d e Michał Wojtczuk, Miasteczko Wilanów. Company walczy o miliony z miasta , November 2, 2016, Gazeta Wyborcza (in Polish)
- ↑ Polnord chce zwrotu kosztów za budowę kanalizacji na terenie Miasteczka Wilanów , April 30, 2012, Nasze Miasto / Echo Miasta (in Polish)
- ↑ Mieszkańcy Wilanowa mogą zapłacić za opieszałość MPWiK. Deweloper szykuje pozwy , January 16, 2012, Nasze Miasto / Echo Miasta (in Polish)
- ↑ a b Miłosz Węglewski, Bitwa o Lemingrad. Problem z polityką ciepłej wody w Miasteczku Wilanów , August 26, 2014, Newsweek.pl (in Polish)
- ↑ Daniel Paćkowski, 4 deweloperów mieszkaniowych z potencjałem do poprawy wyników , March 29, 2017, Stockwatch.pl (in Polish)
- ↑ a b Maciej Czerski, Zapłacimy 500 milionów za drogi w Wilanowie , June 7, 2012, tvn.pl
- ↑ a b Polnord Dochodzi kolejnych odszkodowan na laczna kwote 322 mln zl , Polish order press release from June 2013 (in Polish)
- ↑ Joanna Kusiak, The Gated Community City Warsaw: Segregation , Bauwelt trade journal , issue 48/2012
- ^ Wojtczuk, Miasteczko Wilanów. Samorząd kupił działkę pod nową szkołę , April 20, 2017, Gazeta Wyborcza (in Polish)
- ↑ Michał Wojtczuk, Wilanów. Jest wstępne porozumienie w sprawie zakupu działki pod szkołę w Miasteczku Wilanów , December 15, 2017, Gazeta Wyborcza (in Polish)
- ↑ GTC i Polnord podpisały umowę joint venture , GTC SA press release, GTC SA website (in Polish)
- ↑ Historia , site of Polnord SA, accessed on July 8, 2018
- ↑ W Miasteczku Wilanow powstanie gigantyczne centrum handlowe , 23 April 2011, Onet.pl (in Polish)
- ↑ a b Michał Wojtczuk, Po co aż dwie galerie handlowe w Miasteczku Wilanów? , November 22, 2014, Gazeta Wyborcza (in Polish)
- ↑ a b Natalia Bet, Galeria handlowa w Wilanowie never powstanie? Miasto nie wyda zgody na budowę , October 13, 2016, Metro Warszawa (in Polish)
- ↑ Galeria Wilanów bije swoisty rekord , September 27, 2017, propertynews.pl
- ↑ Piotr Nisztor, Wojna domowa w Miasteczku Wilanow. Kto chce zablokować miliardową inwestycję , Gazeta Polska, at: niezalezna.pl, September 18, 2016
- ↑ Michał Wojtczuk, Co dalej z Galerią Wilanów? Park na plaży, galeria podzielona , June 25, 2018, Gazeta Wyborcza
- ↑ Adam Roguski, GTC resetuje GALLERY Wilanow , July 10, 2018 Parkiet.com
- ↑ Adam Zdrodowski, GTC redesigning planned Warsaw mall scheme , July 11, 2018, Warsaw Business Journal
- ↑ Michał Wojtczuk and Iwona Szpala, Podał się do dymisji, bo nie powiedział o żonie , January 19, 2011, Gazeta Wyborcza (in Polish)
- ↑ website of the association (in Polish)
- ↑ Foundation website (in Polish)
- ^ Ratusz Wilanów , website of the developer (in Polish)
- ^ Ratusz Dzielnicy Wilanów , website of Kuryłowicz & Associates (in Polish)
- ↑ Polska Architektura 2014: ratusz dzielnicy Wilanów , January 28, 2015, Sztuka-architektury.pl
- ↑ a b 225 lat temu wmurowano kamień węgielny pod Świątynię Opatrzności Bożej , May 3, 2017, wpolityce.pl (in Polish)
- ↑ Świątynia Opatrzności Bożej “Makabryłą Roku” , May 28, 2017, TVN (in Polish)
- ↑ Michał Wojtczuk, Wilanów: Kto zaprojektuje i wybuduje nową podstawówkę? Dzielnica ogłasza przetarg , July 3, 2018, Gazeta Wyborcza (in Polish)
- ↑ Michał Wojtczuk, Miasteczko Wilanów. Planują nową szkołę przy Świątyni Opatrzności , March 12, 2018, Gazeta Wyborcza (in Polish)
- ^ German Kindergarten Warsaw , May 2016, Directory of German Kindergartens Abroad (VDKA)
- ^ British Primary School website
- ^ Willy-Brandt-Schule Warsaw: New building of the German-Polish meeting school , website of the Federal Office for Building and Regional Planning
- ↑ Tomasz Żylski, Krzysztof Mycielski and Grzegorz Stiasny, Szkoła bez ławek w Wilanowie: Szkoła 2.0 , in: Dwie Szkoły , Architektura: Realizacje, edition 1/2018 (pp. 29–50), in Polish
- ↑ Stanisław Skarżyński, Andrzej Dethloff: Nie stać nas na tanią szkołę , September 8, 2017, Gazeta Wyborcza (in Polish)
- ↑ School history website (in English)
- ↑ site of future Szkole podstawowej in. A. Einsteina (in Polish)
- ↑ Website of the hospital operator (in English)
- ↑ Description of the building at Urbanity.pl (in Polish)
- ↑ Jarosław Osowski and Michał Wojtczuk, Jak się zmieni Miasteczko Wilanów: tramwaj, nowe ulice , May 14, 2014, Gazeta Wyborcza (in Polish)
- ↑ Maps and schemas , website of the Warsaw Transport Company ( ZTM Zarząd Transportu Miejskiego w Warszawie ), accessed on January 4, 2020 (in English)
- ↑ Tedy pojedzie tramwaj na Wilanow. Największa taka inwestycja od lat , March 6, 2017, tvn24.pl (in Polish)
- ↑ Piotr Wróblewski, Tramwaje w Wilanowie w 2020? Powstanie trasa za 300 mln złotych , October 4, 2015, naszemiasto.pl (in Polish)
- ↑ Wybory samorządowe. Wiceprezydent Olszewski wyśmiewa i krytykuje wizję Patryka Jakiego , July 29, 2018, Gazeta Wyborcza (in Polish)
- ↑ Biurowce w targetonym kompleksie Miasteczka Wilanów - Wilanów Office Park , July 10, 2012, Muratorplus.pl (in Polish)
- ↑ Wilanów Office Park , Polishord SA website, accessed on July 8, 2018 (in Polish)
- ↑ 30,000 m2 nowej powierzchni biurowej w Wilanów Office Park , July 5, 2012, Polish Market (in Polish)
- ↑ Polnord finalizuje komercjalizację biurowców w warszawskim Wilanów Office Park , May 17, 2017, website of Polnord SA (in Polish)
- ↑ Michał Wojtczuk, Miasteczko Wilanów. Domy zbudują obok obwodnicy. Pozwolenie ważne , August 22, 2015, Gazeta Wyborcza (in Polish)
- ↑ Robyg Business Center, Warszawa , Urbanity.pl (in Polish)
- ↑ Royal Wilanów, Warszawa, Klimczaka 1 , Urbanity.pl (in Polish)
- ↑ Certyfikat BREEAM Very Good dla Royal Wilanów , July 12, 2018, Investmap.pl (in Polish)
- ↑ Miasteczko Wilanów nie chce kolejnych rzeźb kontrowersyjnego artysty , June 3, 2015, Gazeta Wyborcza (in Polish)
- ↑ Brak nazwy (Buława Sobieskiego) , website of Fundacja Puszka (in Polish)
- ^ Piotr Halicki, Ilu jest cudzoziemców w Warszawie? Powstał specjalny raport , March 1, 2016, onet.pl (in Polish)
- ↑ a b c Demografia: Aanaliza na potrzeby opracowania diagnozy strageicznej , Urząd m.st. Warszawy, August 2016, p. 3 (in Polish)
- ^ Joanna Tomczyk, Wilanów - jeszcze Miasteczko, czy już miasto w mieście? Handel w dzielnicy pod lupą , October 3, 2018, propertynews.pl
- ↑ a b Violetta Ozminkowski, Miasteczko Wilanów - siedlisko lemingów, wrogowie prawicowych mediów , August 3, 2012, Newsweek.pl (in Polish)
- ↑ Janusz A.Majcherek, Rzeczpospolita nowego mieszczaństwa: Polska po wyborach prezydenckich , in: Dialog (German-Polish magazine) , issue 93, 2010, p. 25 (in Polish)
- ↑ Sylwetka urbanisty (Guy Perry's curriculum vitae), miasteczko-wilanow.com (in Polish)
- ↑ A tip of the hat from the UN ...: Prokom's Miasteczko Wilanów , Poland Monthly, April 2002 (in English)
- ↑ Website of the Urban Land Institute (in Polish)
- ↑ Architektoniczny Oskar dla Miasteczka Wilanów , June 28, 2010, Onet.pl (in Polish)
- ↑ Dariusz Brzostek, Gdzie mieszkają polskie gwiazdy? , March 28, 2012, domiporta.pl (in Polish)
- ↑ Celebryci z Wilanowa nie chcą wielkiej galerii , August 11, 2016, tvnwarszawa.pl (in Polish)
Remarks
- ↑ Paweł Detko is a Polish architect who received an architectural diploma from the Warsaw University of Technology in 1986 . In 1992 the architecture office DJiO was founded.
- ↑ The published figures for the USD equivalent fluctuate in a range from 92 to 110 million.
- ↑ To finance the development costs of Miasteczko Wilanów , Krauze had to sell shares in Prokom Investments for around 200 million złoty at an unfavorable rate
- ↑ Zbigniew Okoński (born February 12, 1949) is a Polish politician and manager. He studied in Gdansk and Szczecin . From 1991 to 1995 he was State Secretary in a predecessor institute of the Polish Ministry of Economic Affairs ( Ministerstwo Współpracy Gospodarczej z Zagranicą ), and in 1995 he became Minister of Defense. Since 1996 he has worked in business, including a. at Elektrim , BRE Bank and PAIZ. From 1998 to 2007 Okoński was a board member at Prokom Investments , and since 2007 he has been chairman of the board of the property developer Robyg SA
- ↑ TrizecHahn Corporation , later: Trizec Properties , is a North American real estate investment trust that previously developed, managed and acted as a consultancy firm as a property developer.
- ↑ Guy Castelain Perry is a French-North American architect and urban planner. He studied at Harvard University and worked as a senior manager at TrizecHahn and AECOM . Perry is the founder of IN-VI Investment Vision . As a city planner, he was involved in real estate projects (new construction or revitalization) such as the Olympics in Barcelona , the Brisa de Atalaia in Brazil, the Corvin promenade in Budapest, the Gdansk shipyard , Porto Montenegro and the old town of Shantou . According to: Guy Castelain Perry , Eurobuild CEE (in English); Résumé: Guy Perry ( Memento of the original from September 14, 2018 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , AECOM, Building and Places, Website, Urban Land Institute , Hong Kong (in English)
- ↑ The Olimpia Real Estate Holding was active in Israel and Central and Eastern Europe, listed property developers in housing
- ↑ The listed Rubanenko Group is a real estate development and construction company. In 2002, the weak construction industry in Israel caused financial bottlenecks and the group had to restructure its liabilities. According to: Ami Ginsburg, Rubanenko Builds Up Debts of NIS 250M , November 20, 2002, Haaretz
- ↑ Robyg was founded in 2000 and is one of the largest property developers in the Polish housing market. The company went public in 2010, and in February 2018 the investment bank Goldman Sachs indirectly acquired the majority of the company. At the time the contract is concluded with Prokom Investments is the main shareholder of was Robyg about the Nanette Real Estate Group NV , the Olimpia Real Estate Holding . According to: Brief history on company website (in Polish); Robyg w rękach Goldman Sachs. Następny krok - wycofanie z giełdy , February 9, 2018, wnp.pl (in Polish); Robyg: W poszukiwaniu wysokich zysków . Information from the stockbroker BRE on the IPO of Robyg , October 8, 2010 (in Polish)
- ↑ The Polnord SA evolved from the 1977 created Biuro Generalnego wykonawcy Eksportu przy Zjednoczeniu Budownictwa Przemysłowego "Północ" (the general contractor office for exporting in the union of industrial building "North"). In 1988 the name was changed to Polnord . In 1997 the construction company became a property developer, and in 1999 it went public. According to Ireneusz Sudak, Spółki Ryszarda Krauzego sprzedają akcje Polnordu , June 4, 2014, wyborcza.biz (in Polish); Company history , website of Polnord SA (in English)
- ↑ According to other information, it was only 71.4 hectares, according to Dariusz Bartoszewicz, company budująca Miasteczko Wilanów chce od miasta pół miliarda zł , August 30, 2014, Gazeta Wyborcza (in Polish)
- ↑ In addition to the previously unsold land, the purchase price included claims against the city and district for reimbursement of infrastructure construction measures
- ↑ In 2014 , Prokom Investments did not succeed in selling the Polnord shares at the target sales price, and Prokom creditors could not be satisfied. A creditor application for insolvency of Prokom was dismissed in the fall of 2015 by the competent court for lack of financial resources of the company. In the same year Krauze gave up his shares in Prokom Investments and resigned from all management functions in the company and its holdings. In the following year, the heavily indebted company changed its company name to Futurion 1 and relocated its headquarters from Gdynia to Warsaw. Shares in Polnord and other holdings were assigned to creditors. With the over-indebtedness of Prokom Investments , the economic activities of Ryszard Krauze ended. The former Zloty billionaire had lost his fortune. In addition to the problems of making a profit from the investments in Miasteczko Wilanów , large losses in the attempt to find oil in Kazakhstan had contributed to the loss of wealth. The joint-stock company Petrolinvest , which was founded for this purpose, lost around EUR 400 million. According to Hossa Krauzego , edition 6/2007, Forbes (in Polish); Adrian Boczkowski, Polnord sprzedam: serialu ciąg dalszy , June 6, 2008, Puls Biznesu (in Polish)
- ↑ In the context of the examination of the financial situation of Prokom Investments by a court-appointed expert, the management of the company claimed in 2015 that Prokom Investments had realized a profit of 490 million złoty with the investment in Miasteczko Wilanów . According to Dawid Tokarz, Prokom nie ma prawie nic , June 17, 2015, Puls Biznesu (in Polish)
- ↑ This is how the developer Robyg designed his apartment block in Aleja Rzeczypospolitej 33 with parking spaces on the ground floor; A parking garage was built for the Robyg Business Center .
- ↑ The number of registered residents is significantly lower, it was only 10,000 in 2017, according to Michał Wojtczuk, Wilanów. Jest wstępne porozumienie w sprawie zakupu działki pod szkołę w Miasteczku Wilanów , December 15, 2017, Gazeta Wyborcza
- ↑ According to the state statistics office Główny Urząd Statystyczny , at the end of 2017 there were already 37,511 inhabitants in the district, according to Joanna Tomczyk, Wilanów - jeszcze Miasteczko, czy już miasto w mieście? Handel w dzielnicy pod lupą , October 3, 2018, propertynews.pl
- ^ A late consequence of the clashes was the murder of his wife and the suicide of the then 46-year-old Dariusz Przybyła in 2008; according to Nieporęt: Udawał martwego, by przeżyć , May 29, 2008, rmf.pl (in Polish)
- ↑ The Zakład Południe sewage treatment plant on Ulica Syta 190 was put into operation in 2006. It can process 60,000 cubic meters of wastewater every day. Due to its proximity to residential areas, it is hermetically sealed; according to Zakład “Południe” , MPWiK website - Miejskie Przedsiębiorstwo Wodociągów i Kanalizacji (in Polish)
- ↑ Paragraph 5 of the contract
- ↑ MPWiK - Miejskiego Przedsiębiorstwa Wodociągów i Kanalizacji is Warsaw's water supply and wastewater disposal company. It was created in 1951 from the municipal utility Wodociągi i Kanalizacja , which went back to the Lindley filter system developed in the 1880s , according to Nasza Historia , MPWiK website (in Polish)
- ↑ The Polski Bank Przedsiębiorczości SA , formerly WestLB Bank Polska was, from November 1995 to June 2013. In July 2013, it was approved by the FM Bank adopted. The joint venture operated as FM Bank PBP until October 2016 - since then it has been operating as Nest Bank .
- ↑ The Vastint Poland in 1992 was established. The real estate developer belongs to the corporate environment of the Ikea Group , according to Website of Vastint Poland Sp. Z oo (in English)
- ↑ Miejskie Przedsiębiorstwo Robót Ogrodniczych has been operating as MPRI - Miejskie Przedsiębiorstwo Realizacji Inwestycji since July 31, 2015
- ↑ The Medicover Group consists of various health care companies, including operators of insurance companies, hospitals and pharmacies
literature
- Edward J. Olchowicz, New Urbanism on a Grand Scale: The Challenges for Large-Scale, Multi-Phase Master Planned Developments , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , September 2011 (in English)
- Guy Perry, Building a Community on Pride: Overcoming the realities of short term politics and economics , lecture, 48th ISOCARP Congress 2012 (in English)
- Justyna Pakuła, Miasteczko Wilanów - studies przypadku , Master's thesis at the University of Warsaw , Faculty of Polish Studies, April 2015 (in Polish)
Web links
- Ewa Kielak Ciemniewska and Iwona Boryszkowska, Urban development: A town in the city , February 2002, The Warsaw Voice , accessed on July 8, 2018 from the Investment Environments Sp z oo website (in English)
- A new town arises from the fields , 11/2000, Eurobuild Poland , accessed July 8, 2018 from the Investment Environments Sp z oo website (in English)
- Matthew Day, Prokom plans a new Wilanów , April 2001, Skyline - the guide to real estate in Poland , in: Polish Business News , accessed on July 8, 2018 on the Investment Environments Sp z oo website (in English)
Coordinates: 52 ° 9 ′ 36.9 ″ N , 21 ° 4 ′ 20 ″ E
- ↑ Tomasz Cudowski, PHN kupuje Wilanów Office Park , November 30, 2018, Eurobuildcee.com (in Polish)