Marie north

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Marie Norden , actually Friederike Marie Ernstine Wolfhagen , (born November 13, 1812 in Tönning , † July 3, 1878 in Dresden ) was a German writer .

Life

Wolfhagen was born the sixth child of a total of nine siblings and was baptized as a Protestant on January 25, 1813 in the St. Laurentius Church . Her father Friedrich Wolfhagen (1777–1846), who was a lawyer and had studied in Kiel, held the offices of city secretary, police master and mayor of Tönning on behalf of the Danish King Christian VIII . Her mother was Charlotte Christiane, geb. Hansen. Like her siblings, Wolfhagen was tutored by a private tutor and then sent to Copenhagen to complete their education. Due to an illness of their father, who had to say goodbye to his Danish service, the family moved to Wandsbek in front of the city gates of Hamburg . In the following years Wolfhagen traveled a lot. In addition to stays in Copenhagen, Heligoland and southern Germany, she also visited Switzerland , Austria and northern Italy . She also had to look after her father, who died in 1846.

Since 1836 she has published novels , short stories and short stories , always under a pseudonym (Marie Norden or M. Norden). After the death of her father, she moved to Dresden with her sister Therese and her mother, presumably to train as a painter. She took part in the revolutionary events of 1848/49 and in the Dresden May Uprising in 1849. In Dresden, she became friends with Friedrich Anton Serre , the founder of the Schiller Foundation . She corresponded with Louise Otto , Karl Gutzkow , Lorenz Diefenbach and others.

After 1867 Wolfhagen did not write any more novels. She suffered from rheumatoid arthritis and died unmarried on July 3, 1878 in Dresden. Louise Otto dedicated a warm obituary to her. Her sister, Therese Wolfhagen, sent Franz Brümmer biographical information for a lexicon article.

Writer

Like many women writers of the 19th century in Germany, Wolfhagen preferred to go public under a pseudonym. Since she did not want to be dependent on her family and was still unmarried at the age of 24, she went public with two stories in 1836. In The fire of Pera and the outrage to Cairo was about the uprising of the Egyptians against Napoleon in 1789. In the novel , the hero they dealt with the Carlist wars . In the mid-1840s she began to deal with social problems such as the weavers' revolt of 1844 , the social problems of the dispossessed, the question of women and the revolutionary events in Dresden. She devoted herself particularly frequently to the Schleswig-Holstein question, for example in The Peace Question in Schleswig-Holstein or in The Danes behind the Danewerk. Historical novel from the recent past of Schleswig-Holstein . Marie Norden was a prolific writer. In contrast to many other German writers, who treated their work through stories of women and their rise or fall for “moral reasons”, Marie Norden addressed the current social issues and contemporary issues of the emerging proletarianization of broad sections of the population and the incipient emancipation of women . Despite the large number of copies, her work was almost forgotten.

Works (selection)

  • The Pera Fire and The Cairo Outrage . Hamburg 1836
  • Patkul's death. Historical tale from the first quarter of the eighteenth century . Hamburg 1836
  • Court cabals . Herold, Hamburg 1836
  • The Siege of Antwerp and The Retribution . Hamburg 1837
  • The matador. A description from the recent past of Spain . 2 parts in 1 volume Herold, Hamburg 1840
  • The brothers and the monk. A Sicilian moral painting from the last quarter of the eighteenth century . 2 vols. Herold, Hamburg 1842
  • Stories. The stepsisters. Paul Scalig in Prussia. The meeting on Heligoland . Adolph Wienbrack, Leipzig 1843
  • Astolfo Bardonnas. Paintings from the recent past of Spain . 3 parts in 1 volume Adolph Wienbrack, Leipzig 1844
  • Ilmhorst. A sketch from Hamburg's prehistory . 2 vols. Adolph Wienbrack, Leipzig 1846 ( online in the Google book search)
  • Field flowers. Novellas . A. Wienbrack, Leipzig 1847 ( online in the Google book search)
  • The question of peace in Schleswig-Holstein . In: Europe . Chronicle of the educated world . Edited by F. Gustav Kühne . Nos. 43, 44, 45 and 46, 1848
  • Paris and Berlin. A recent novel . 2 vols. Adolph Wienbrack, Leipzig 1849 ( first part in the Google book search)
  • The girl from the people. Sketch after life . In: Women's newspaper . No. 16, 17 and 18, 1849
  • The destiny of women . In: Frauen-Zeitung No. 23 and 24, 1849
  • Dresden's May days. A picture of time . 3 vols. Adolph Wienbrack, Dresden 1850
  • German images of life . 2 vols. Adolph Wienbrack, Leipzig 1851 ( first volume in the Google book search)
  • Rudolf or The Adventure in the Giant Mountains . Novel . 3 vols. CL Fritzsche, Leipzig 1853 ( second volume in the Google book search)
  • The storm surge on Pellworm . A painting of Schleswig's west coast . In: Amusements. A selection of the latest and most interesting from German entertainment papers . Stuttgart 1853, pp. 321-336
  • Ottokar or the trip to Sebastopol . Historical novel from the time of Joseph the Second . CL Fritzsche 1855
  • Dark ways. Novel . 2 volumes. Verlags-Comptoir (Th. Niemeyer), Hamburg 1856 ( volume 1 in the Google book search)
  • King Wilhelm the Third and his time. Historical novel. Robert Schafer, Dresden 1859 ( online in the Google book search)
  • Agnes and Marie. A novel from English life . 3 Vols. Adolph Büchting, Nordhausen 1860 ( Volume 3 in the Google book search)
  •  Columbus and his time. Historical novel . 4 volumes. Kober & Markgraf, Vienna, Prague 1861 (album. Library of German original novels. Ed. By JL Kober. Sixteenth year, volumes 4–7) ( volume 4 in the Google book search)
  • Sea and land stories from Schleswig-Holstein . A. Wienbrack, Leipzig 1866
  • The Danes behind the Danewerk . Historical novel from the recent past of Schleswig-Holstein . A. Wienbrack, Leipzig 1867

Translated works

  • De broeders en de monnik. A table of the Siciliaan cedas, uit het laatste Gedeelte of the 18th eeuw. Naar het Hoogduitsch . 2 vol., Amsterdam 1843
  • Willem III, Koning van Engeland en stadhouder van Holland . Amsterdam 1860

literature

  • Optegnelser om slægten Wolfhagen ved H. Wolfhagen Premier lieutenant in marine . København 1895 Bibliography of the independent publications p. 21.
  • Louise Otto: Nekrolog . In: New Paths. Organ of the general German women's association . Edited by L. Otto and A. Schmidt. No. 20, 1878, p. 151 ff.
  • Franz Brümmer : Lexicon of German poets and prose writers from the beginning of the 19th century to the present . Vol. 8, p. 26
  • North, marie . In: Sophie Pataky (Hrsg.): Lexicon of German women of the pen . Volume 2. Verlag Carl Pataky, Berlin 1898, p. 94 ( digitized version ).
  • Wolfhagen, Friederike . In: Sophie Pataky (Hrsg.): Lexicon of German women of the pen . Volume 2. Verlag Carl Pataky, Berlin 1898, p. 450 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Christine Witte: The Wolfhagen family in Tönning . In: Society for Tönninger Stadtgeschichte e. V. Tönning March 1999, Mitteilungsblatt, 18, pp. 23-38
  • Christine Witte: Friederike Marie Ernestine Wolfhagen. A 19th century novelist . In: Society for Tönninger Stadtgeschichte e. V. Tönning March 2000, Mitteilungsblatt, 19, pp. 33-68
  • Marion Freund: Marie Norden (1812-1878) Dresden's May Days. A picture of time . In: Irina Hundt (ed.): From the salon to the barricade. Women of the Heine period. JB Metzler, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-476-01842-3 , pp. 337-355
  • Christiane Witte: Friederike Marie Ernestine Wolfhagen (Marie Norden). A 19th century novelist . With a foreword by Arno Bammé . Klagenfurt 2000 (publications from the 'Research Project Literature and Sociology' issue 22)
  • Marion Freund: An 'eyewitness to the May Uprising'. Marie Norden (1812-1878) and her novel 'Dresdens Maitage. A picture of time '. Life and work of an unknown author . In: Helmut Bleiber, Walter Schmidt Susanne Schötz (Hrsg.): Actors of a radical change. Men and women of the revolution of 1848/49. Fides, Berlin 2003, ISBN 3-931363-11-2 , pp. 463-492

Web links

Wikisource: Friederike Marie Ernstine Wolfhagen  - Sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The year of birth "1813" is incorrect. Church book excerpt, Tönning, p. 326, quoted from Marion Freund (2000), p. 352.
  2. ^ F. Wolfhagen: Description of the city of Tönning. In addition to memories, it covers the first quarter of this century . Bade and Fischer, Friedrichstadt 1838.
  3. ↑ Gustav Scheve: Phrenological pictures of women. Dresden's contemporary writers . Dresden 1865, p. 199 ff.
  4. ^ New necrology of the Germans 1846 . 2. Theil, Weimar 1848, p. 834. ( Online in the Google book search)
  5. ^ Diaries and letters from and to Ottilie von Goethe . Vol. 5 ed. and a. by Heinz Bluhm. Lang, Bern 1979, p. 184.
  6. ^ Marie Norden to Karl Gutzkow June 14, 1862 (City and University Library Frankfurt a. M.)
  7. ^ Marie Norden to Diefenbach November 17, 1853, November 25, 1858 and November 25, 1859 (Diefenbach estate, University Library Gießen)
  8. ^ Therese Wolfhagen to Brümmer August 19, 1879 (estate Brümmer Letters I, Berlin State Library)
  9. ↑ The girl from the people .
  10. ↑ The Destiny of Women .
  11. ↑ Dresden's May Days. A picture of time .
  12. ↑ Contains: Father and Son ; The weaver from Langenbielau ; The fleet officer and Bad Kissingen .
  13. ↑ Marie Norden dedicated this book to “Majorin Sarre auf Marxen”.
personal data
SURNAME North, marie
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Wolfhagen, Friederike Marie Ernestine (full name); Wolfhagen, Friederike; Norden, M. (pseudonym)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German writer
DATE OF BIRTH November 13, 1812
PLACE OF BIRTH Toenning
DATE OF DEATH July 3, 1878
Place of death Dresden