Manina Carpenter

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Marianne "Manina" Tischler (born September 11, 1918 in Vienna ; † January 14, 2010 in Venice on the island of Giudecca ) was an Austrian visual artist .

Life

Marianne Tischler was the daughter of the Austrian painter Viktor Tischler (1890–1951) and the Viennese opera singer Mathilde Ehrlich . Her father was of Jewish descent. His work can be attributed to the style of Expressionism . Carpenter's parents met in 1907; They married in 1917. Viktor Tischler was a co-founder of the Viennese Jewish artists' association Neue Vereinigung in 1918 and a member of the Hagenbund from 1920 . In 1935 he received the Austrian State Prize . Her mother sang as a mezzo-soprano and lyrical soprano at the Berlin Opera and the Vienna State Opera . Her roles included a. the title role in Madama Butterfly .

In 1928, Tischler and her parents moved to Paris . There she frequented artistic circles. At the age of 14, she was already portrayed by the photographer Erwin Blumenfeld , in 1934 she created Manina ou L'âme du torse , which was often reproduced in works on Surrealism and Dadaism, in 1936, Blumenfeld made a series of art postcards for Tischler in Paris. In 1937 she married the Bohemian-Czech writer and screenwriter Robert Thoeren . Against the background of the Nuremberg Laws , Tischler and Thoeren emigrated to the United States in 1938, before the so-called “ Anschluss of Austria ” , where they moved to Los Angeles . Thoeren later had success as a screenwriter in the USA. In 1940 their daughter Nina was born. In the same year she was photographed by Man Ray in Hollywood.

After a short training as a sculptor from 1941 , Tischler devoted herself to painting . Her first drawings were made in 1948. Her first drawing, a pen and gouache , was titled Daphne . In 1949 she moved to New York , meanwhile divorced from Thoeren . The poet and literary critic Eugene Jolas made it possible for her to have her first own exhibition of drawings in the Hugo Gallery in 1951. The exhibition was u. a. Reviewed in the New York Herald Tribune by the art critic Emily Closer .

After a two-year stay in London , Tischler finally moved to Venice in 1954, a city which exerted a magical attraction for her. It was there in 1954 that she met the French poet Alain Jouffroy (* 1928), whom she married in 1957. Alain Jouffroy dedicated a number of poems to her in the course of his artistic career. The poem Lettre à Manina can be found in the collection Les quatre saisons d'un ame (1955; Editions Du Dragon) . In 1958 he dedicated his first collection of poems to her, A toi (Ed. NRF). In Eau sous terre (Gallimard, Paris, 2005) every poem by Jouffroys is inspired by a drawing by a carpenter.

Jouffroy also introduced her to the French surrealists . From then on, Tischler's painting took on that magical, dreamy atmosphere that is characteristic of the art movement of surrealism . André Breton described her as a "born surrealist". On the occasion of their exhibition in 1952 at Galérie Cocteau, he spoke of the "pure poetry of the surreal".

After her final move to Venice, Tischler first lived in the Castello sestiere. After the death of her daughter Nina, who was murdered on campus in Los Angeles in 1960 , Tischler retired to her house on the Venetian island of Giudecca to devote herself to her artistic work. Later on, Tischler's house became a meeting point for young artists.

Exhibitions of her works, mainly drawings and engravings, also took place in Europe, including in 1959 at the Codier gallery in Paris and in the Passepartout gallery in Copenhagen in 1963 . In 1979 a solo exhibition took place in Bologna on the premises of the Centro Espositivo Nucleo Arte. In 1986, Tischler's works were included in the special “Arte e Alchimia” program at XLII. Biennale shown. In 1989, works by Tischler were on view as part of the “I Surrealisti” exhibition at the Palazzo Reale in Milan . In 1994, Tischler's works were presented as part of the “I Phantastistici” exhibition in the “Le Zitelle” cultural center in Venice. Another solo exhibition followed in 1999 as part of the “Veneziarte”; carpenter's illustrations were shown there. In 2003, Brick 5 (Association for the Promotion of Multimedia Art and Technology) in Vienna hosted a biographical exhibition entitled “Manina - From Hollywood to Surrealism. A narrated journey through time ”instead. Works by Tischler (oil paintings, drawings) and her father Victor Tischler were presented. Tischler had her last solo exhibition from May 22 to June 30, 2005 in the rooms of the Palazzo Albrizzi in Venice; the exhibition was entitled “Surreale realtà nel mondo di Manina”.

In 1981, Tischler gave up painting. In the last period of her work, Tischler made mosaic-like collages as well as jewelry made of copper and colored stones.

In the 1990s she retired to Giudecca Island. She lived there in isolation and without relatives. She suffered from osteoporosis . Her domicile on the Giudecca was initially a two-room apartment in the Residenza Sant'Eufemia e San Biagio. She spent the last years of her life at the Centro Servizi Residenza Zitelle, where she was looked after by staff from the Istituto di Ricovero e di Educazione (IRE). She died on Giudecca Island. Her grave is in the Venetian cemetery on the island of San Michele .

Exhibitions (selection)

  • Hugo Gallery New York, 1951 and 1952 (E)
  • Brook Street Gallery, London 1952.
  • Galerie Cocteau, Paris, 1952.
  • Trafford Gallery, London 1953.
  • Galleria Bevilacqua La Masa, Venice, 1955.
  • Galérie Athenée, 1956, Geneva
  • Musée de l'Art Moderne, Paris, 1958 (G)
  • Galérie Fürstenberg, Paris, 1959
  • Galérie Les Quattre Saisons, Paris, 1960.
  • Galleria Bevilacqua La Masa, Venice, 1962.
  • Passepartout Gallery, Copenhagen, 1963.
  • Ca 'Giustinian, Venice, 1964 in the Palazzo Giustinian (E, K)
  • Galleria Martano, Turin, 1965.
  • Galleria Solaria, Milan, 1970.
  • Galleria Borgonuovo, Milan, 1971 (E, K)
  • Galleria Fiamma Vigo, Rome, 1974.

In 2000 Arturo Schwarz exhibited her painting Le vol de lupté (oil on canvas, 90 × 70 cm, 1958) on the occasion of the donation of the Vera and Arturo Schwarz Collection of Dada and Surrealist Art to the Israel Museum in the exhibition Dreaming with Open Eyes .

Catalogs, illustrated books

  • Manina. Comune di Venezia, Sala degli Specchi, Ca'Giustinian, 22 agosto-3 September 1964. Venezia 1964, text: Umberto Appolonio. (Exhibition catalog).
  • Manina. Catalogo della mostra tenuta a Milano presso la Galleria Borgonuovo dal 14 al 31 March 1971. Milano 1971. (exhibition catalog).
  • Manina. Frebort, Vienna 2002, ISBN 3-9501611-0-4 . (183 p., Biography and illustrated book, text: Rudolf B. Kleinschmidt).

literature

Testimonials
  • Marianne Tischler: “In Venice, on the other hand, I can live and work undisturbed”. In: Charlotte Kohn (Ed.): Luftfrauen. The myth of a Jewish female identity. Praesens Verlag, Vienna 2006, ISBN 3-7069-0300-8 , pp. 18-26. (Transcription of a sound recording).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j Enzo Rossi-Roiss: Manina Tischler biographical outline. Retrieved November 17, 2014.
  2. ↑ Steven Beller: Vienna and the Jews, 1867-1938. A cultural history . Cambridge University Press, 1989, p. 29.
  3. ↑ a b c d e Claudia Aigner: A fate with good timing in: Wiener Zeitung from December 2, 2003.
  4. ↑ Carpenter Viktor. In: Felix Czeike : Historisches Lexikon Wien .
  5. ↑ a b c Gerhard Habarta: Manina. Short biography. In: Lexicon of Fantastic Artists. 2013, ISBN 978-3-8370-8427-6 , p. 315. Retrieved November 17, 2014.
  6. ^ Erwin Blumenfeld: Manina ou L'âme du torse , 1934, Musée national d'art moderne de Paris.
  7. ↑ Example: Bernard Blistène : A history of 20th-century art. Flammarion, Paris 2001, p. 178.
  8. ↑ a b c Surreale realtà nel mondo di Manina ( Memento of the original dated November 29, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Exhibition notice May 2005. Retrieved on November 17, 2014. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.culturaspettacolovenezia.it
  9. ↑ Manina , accession number B98.0520 in the Israel Museum, also with catalog illustration. Retrieved November 18, 2014.
personal data
SURNAME Carpenter, Manina
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Manina (stage name); Tischler, Marianne (maiden name); Jouffroy-Tischler, Manina; Tischler-Thoeren, Manina
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian artist
DATE OF BIRTH September 11, 1918
PLACE OF BIRTH Vienna , Austria-Hungary
DATE OF DEATH January 14, 2010
Place of death Giudecca , Venice , Italy