Martin Deutinger

Grave of Martin Deutinger (d. J.) in the old southern cemetery in Munich location

Martin Deutinger (born March 24, 1815 in Langenpreising ; † September 9, 1864 in Pfäfers ) was a German Catholic theologian and philosopher.

Life

Deutinger first studied theology and philosophy at the Lyzeum Dillingen in 1832 , before he listened to Schelling in Munich in 1833 and became enthusiastic about the philosophy of art. In 1837 he was ordained a priest. After a first career jump to philosophy lecturer at the Lyceum in Freising (1841–1846) and his private lectureship for philosophy at the Munich University in 1846/47, a difficult time began due to his statements against the affair of the Bavarian king with Lola Montez : In 1847 he went into the country Dillingen on the Danube , in which he was culturally very active, but from which he was drawn back to the Bavarian capital in 1852. In general, due to his dissatisfaction with his situation, these were years of intensive travel activity: He visited the art treasures of Florence (1845), Paris (1850), Milan (1850), Berlin (1853), Düsseldorf (1847), Dresden (1853) and Prague ( 1853) and was also one of the first to take photographs of the works of art in these cities. After years of ecclesiastical and social exclusion, which can also be attributed to his critical character, he then shone as a university preacher in St. Ludwig in Munich from 1858 , and only in 1863, i.e. one year before his death, was he awarded an honorary doctorate from the University of Freiburg , the benevolent archbishop's reception of his writing against Ernest Renan in 1864 and the participation in the assembly of Catholic scholars in Munich initiated by his friend Ignaz von Döllinger , which gave him the ecclesiastical and social recognition he had longed for. He died on September 9, 1864 in Bad Pfäfers , Switzerland. The grave of Deutinger (d. J.) is on the old southern cemetery in Munich (grave field 42 - row 1 - place 8) location . After a 50-year period of oblivion, it received posthumous recognition as a philosophical reference for the highlands .

For his uncle of the same name, see the article Martin von Deutinger .

Think

Martin Deutinger tries an independent renewal of Christian thought in view of the challenges of idealism and romanticism . Incidentally, it is in the interplay with the Catholic late Romanticism ( Joseph von Eichendorff ). Deutinger's knowledge of ancient philosophy, his connection to later scholasticism in a specific form (will instead of intellect as the starting point, following the ' Lullist ' Catalan Raimundus von Sabunde († 1438 in Toulouse)), his presence in the contemporary challenge of idealistic philosophy , from which he takes over the subject thinking, all of this gives rise to a new theological combination that seeks to renew faith out of its intrinsic power provoked by critical contemporaneity. For this reason, Deutinger's approach represents an interesting attempt on this basis to find a philosophical position of his own, either approving or disapproving, that is not characterized by regressive catholicity at the same time. Based on the desire to think Christian religion and modern thinking together, Deutinger differs from overly restrictive tendencies within the church and theology of the time in his open catholicity through the ability to think process-wise rather than in terms of substances that are hierarchically related to one another: that from externality that emerges from internality.

The striving, or the spiritual volition that comes from its purification and deepening, is to be regarded by Deutinger as a basic category of the philosophical framework. A phenomenology of feeling like Schleiermacher's is less used. Rather, 'feeling' is developed as a sublimating element from the anthropology of striving and from the spiritualization of will. The preference for Sabunde can be explained by the fact that he not only gives profile to striving and willing, but also sees the 'liber vivus', the book of creation, in correspondence with the 'liber revelationis' (revelation). In doing so, however, this is oriented towards the correspondence with a subject philosophy, because it is the (objective) transformation of the subjective consciousness that leads in the game between inwardness and outwardness of the creation experience to the point at which the divine intentionality is reflected in the human being and this to become a co-creator in art. Knowledge, should and hope, the Kantian triad, is seen by Deutinger through thinking, being able and doing (knowledge, art and morality) within the horizon of the science of faith.

Creation and revelation constitute art through an increasing transformation of the creation aesthetics by means of the staging of the ethos of revelation. In other words: the human striving for creation is completed in the mystery of the activity of God's human will to love. Scholastic teleology and scholastic gradualism combine here with a process that has been placed in the interior of the subject. The natural revelation of the created, mediated by the inner striving of the subject, awakens the shining of the beautiful. This becomes the horizon of discovery of the underlying being in the appearance, which corresponds to revelation in the sense of salvation. The ability to be in life and the ability to be in art are correlated here. Parallels to Cusanus are intended by Deutinger following Hegel and Schelling, who all tried to reinterpret its meaning. The closer connection between art and morality is based on an appreciation of the 'vita activa', whereby the meaning is not closely related to a form of action, contemplation as 'operatio intellectus', but rather finding meaning and active shaping of life are linked to one another.

Fonts

Publications in book form

As an author

• The relationship between art and Christianity , Regensburg 1843
• Basic lines of a positive philosophy as a preliminary attempt to reduce all parts of philosophy to Christian principles , 6 volumes, Regensburg 1843-1853:
• Images of the Spirit in Art and Nature , 3 volumes, Augsburg 1850f.
• The principle of modern philosophy and Christian science , Regensburg 1857
• Renan and the miracle. A contribution to Christian apologetics , Munich 1864
• The current state of German philosophy , Munich 1866
• Images of the Spirit in the Works of Art , Lorenz Kastner (Ed.), Munich 1866
• Christian ethics according to the apostle Johannes , Regensburg 1867
• On the relationship between poetry and religion , Karl Muth (Ed.), Kempten / Munich 1915

As editor

• Siloam. Journal for Religious Progress within the Church , Volumes 1/2, Augsburg 1850f

Articles in collective works

• The relationship between the freedom of science and ecclesiastical authority , in: Pius Gams (ed.), Negotiations of the assembly of Catholic scholars in Munich from September 28 to October 1, 1863 , Regensburg 1863

Magazine articles

• Special answers to a general question, or: About the probable future of philosophy and its relationship to Christianity and theology , in: HPBl 19 (1841) 333–353.
• About the relationship of the Hermesian system to Christian science , in: HPBl 19 (1841) 658-680.
• Christianity and humanism I: appearance and essence of human education , in: HPBl 31 (1853) 133–152
• Franz von Baader's relationship to science and the church , in: HPBl 35 (1857) 85–105.165–178
• Contribution to the solution of the controversial question about the relationship between philosophy and theology , in: Sonderdruck der Augsburger Postzeitung 1861.

literature

• Marc-Aeilko Aris : Martin Deutinger and Nikolaus von Kues . An observation on the reception of Cusanus in the 19th century , in: Communications and research contributions of the Cusanus Society (MFCG), Volume 22, 1995, pp. 147–160.
• Friedrich Wilhelm Bautz :  DEUTINGER, Martin. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 1, Bautz, Hamm 1975. 2nd, unchanged edition Hamm 1990, ISBN 3-88309-013-1 , Sp. 1274-1275.
• Stefan Berger: On the foundation of a theology of subjectivity. Martin Deutinger's philosophical-theological subject theory , Frankfurt a. M. 1985
• Dominik Bertrand-Pfaff: A poetics of the gift. Kerygmatic way of life following Martin Deutinger's art and moral theory , Friborg i. Ue. u. a. 2004
• Bernhard Braun: Martin Deutinger (1815–1864), in: Emerich Coreth SJ et al. (Ed.), Christian Philosophy in Catholic Thought of the 19th and 20th Centuries , Graz 1988, 285–305
• Anton Fischer: Metaphysics of the Person. The philosophical anthropology of Martin Deutinger , Mainz 1951
• Hans Graßl:  Deutinger, Martin. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 3, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1957, ISBN 3-428-00184-2 , p. 623 ( digitized version ).
• Heinrich Fels, Martin Deutinger. Basic lines of a presentation of his personality and his work , in: PhJ Volume 47, 1934, pp. 242–273. Pp. 370-397. Pp. 487–502, year 48, 1935, 70–115.
• Lothar Kraft: Martin Deutinger. The essence of musical art , Bonn 1963
• Wolfhart Henckmann: The essence of art in the aesthetics of Martin Deutinger. A contribution to the romantic philosophy of art , Munich 1966
• Gisbert Kaufmann: Religion and Art in Martin Deutinger's Thought. A contribution to the history of romantic art theory and its criticism , Münster 1953
• Walter Mixa : The becoming of the person through faith, hope and love according to Martin Deutinger , Essen 1981
• Jutta Osinski: Catholicism and German Literature in the 19th Century , Paderborn 1993, 207-252
• Dominik Pfaff: Between dissonance and mediation: Martin Deutinger , in: Rolf Kießling (Ed.): The University of Dillingen and its successors. Stations and aspects of a university in Swabia , Dillingen 1999, 765–778
• Carl von Prantl:  Deutinger, Martin . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 5, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1877, pp. 90-92.
• Ludwig Stockinger: Romanticism and Catholicism. Studies on the aesthetics of “Catholic literature” and its beginnings with Joseph von Eichendorff , Kiel 1988, 152–194
• Franz Wiedmann: The Aesthetics of Martin Deutinger, in: PhJ 71 (1963) 82-101

Web links

• Literature by and about Martin Deutinger in the catalog of the German National Library