Martin Marstaller

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Martin Marstaller (born January 31, 1561 in Braunschweig , † July 1, 1615 in Stettin ) was chamber councilor and educator of the sons of Duke Bogislaw XIII. from Pomerania.

Life

Marstaller was born on January 31, 1561 in Braunschweig. He came from an old family from Breisgau. His father Gervasius Marstaller (~ 1520–1578) had studied at the University of Freiburg and obtained the baccalaureate in 1539, had switched to the University of Wittenberg as a medical student in 1541 and received his doctorate in philosophy in 1544 as a student of Melanchthon . On July 13, 1546, he left the city threatened by war, switched to Heidelberg University on August 28, 1546, and then went on a study trip to universities in Spain, France, England and Italy. In Padua he received his doctorate in medicine in 1552, opened a practice in Braunschweig in 1553, was professor of medicine at the University of Jena in 1570, and soon afterwards went to Celle as personal physician to Duke Wilhelm von Braunschweig, † June 3, 1578 in Celle ; wrote Artis divinatricis, quam astrologiam seu iudiciariam vocant; enomia & patrocinia, quorum catalogum sequens pagella continet, Paris 1549; Report on how to protect yourself from pestilence, Halle 1597.

His mother, Dorothea Treutger (or Trutiger), comes from Halle ad Saale, but died when her son Martin was seven years old. The marriage was concluded in Wittenberg in 1555. It is possible that the father entered into a second marriage with Benigna Gentzel von Berneck (1552-1604). Gervasius Marstaller converted to Protestantism. In the publication “A short report, also funeral sermon” (1566) Gervasius Marstaller Dr. med. and Physicus of the Prince of Anhalt, in “De vita et obitu… Bernhardi, Principis Anhaltini” (1570) “Medicus Luneburgensis et Anhaltini” and in “Kurtzer and Einfeltiger Report” (1576) “the Arzney Doctor and Princely Luneburgischer Medicus zu Zell ".

As far as we know, Martin Marstaller had three brothers. The older, Gervasius Marstaller Jr., was the ducal personal physician in Stettin. The second, Dr. jur. Protasius Marstaller (d. 1614), worked as a Pomeranian, later a Mecklenburg councilor, and was married to Anna Schütze (Schütte, 1584–1639), the daughter of a councilor from Güstrow. Martin Marstaller inserts a dedication for both of them in 1591 in a font each printed in Barth. On the occasion of the marriage of his brother Protasius in 1601, he had a small congratulatory pamphlet published in Barth. The third brother, Wilhelm Marstaller, was a doctor of both rights and a ducal counselor. We know of him from a small memorial, "Epicedia" (1615), on the occasion of his death. He died in Szczecin in 1615.

Since the age of 14, Martin Marstaller attended school in Braunschweig, then initially studied in Jena and was matriculated as a medical student at the University of Helmstedt on February 27, 1580. Graduations or academic degrees have not yet been proven. In all mentions as an author, only his princely titles in Bogislaw and Philipp are mentioned as well as that of the Imperial Palatine, but never an academic degree. The title of Dr. jur. is probably based on an error, especially since medicine was expressly mentioned as a specialist course in Helmstedt.

After Daniel Cramer , Martin Marstaller came to Pomerania through his brother Gervasius, who was in contact with Clara von Braunschweig and Lüneburg, who in 1572 married Bogislaw XIII. lock. The Pomeranian Duke Bogislaw XIII, who resided in Barth , appointed the well-educated Martin Marstaller on August 19, 1585 to be the teacher of his sons Philip II , Franz and Bogislaw XIV. He ensured that the princely sons were given a scientific education and encouraged Philip's special interest II. For art, culture and science, which he also accompanied on his travels. Martin Marstaller traveled to Italy with the prince from October 1595 to November 1597 , where they stayed mainly in Florence . Without a doubt, it is thanks to Marstaller that Philipp later expanded Stettin as a residence with a library and art collection worthy of a Renaissance prince. For his own scientific work, he used the ducal printing press in Barth, where he had most of his works printed.

In 1593 Marstaller corresponded with Heinrich Rantzau , who wanted to publish a collection of inscriptions from Pomeranian monuments. Rantzau also asked him for support for the fifth volume of the "Theatrum orbis terrarum" by Georg Braun . However, Marstaller could not provide the necessary city views - apart from a view of Barth - and copies, as no skilled draftsman was available.

When Bogislaw XIII. in 1603 took over the government in Stettin, he appointed Martin Marstaller as administrator of the office Lauenburg . Marstaller was mainly active as a chamber councilor in Stettin. In 1601 Bogislaw appointed Marstaller to his council.

After Bogislaw's death in 1606 and the assumption of reign by Philip II in Stettin, Philip took him into his service and appointed his former teacher to his chamber councilor. In 1610 Emperor Rudolf II elevated him to the rank of Count Palatine. In 1613 he received the diaconate of St. Mary's Church in Stettin.

Marstaller had been married to Margaretha Grabow, the widow of Heinrich Fürst, since 1604. A congratulatory letter on this event was the last known print from Barther Druckerei. The marriage had three children, two sons and a daughter, with Martin jr. and Philipp Christian died before their father. According to Cramer, Marstaller died on July 2, 1615, at 2 a.m. He was buried on July 7th in Stettin's Marienkirche. His grave disappeared in 1829/30 with the demolition of the church, which was badly damaged after the effects of war and lightning.

literature

  • Marstaller, Martin. In: Johann Heinrich Zedler : Large complete universal lexicon of all sciences and arts . Volume 19, Leipzig 1739, column 1776.
  • Gottfried von Bülow :  Marstaller, Martin . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 20, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1884, p. 446 f.
  • Cramer, Daniel: Christian sermon / Bey dem Begrebnuß des weyland Gestrengen Ehrnvesten vnd Hochgelarten H. Martini Marstallers Fürstl. Stettinischen Cammerraths / Comitis Palatini, vnd des Stifft zu S. Marien Capitularn. Szczecin: Rhete, 1615
  • Göbel, Severin: Epitalamion in nuptias clarissimi viri domini Gervasii Marstalleri Brisgoi, Philosophiae ac Medicinae Doctoris, et honestißimae virginis Dorotheae Trutigerae Hallensis. Wittenberg 1555
  • Marstaller, Martin: Strenae, pro dominis et amicis in aula Bardensi, in the third Anno MDXCI. Barth: Prince. Printing house, 1591; "Ad Gervasium Marstallerum Germanum fratrem, Medicum Ducalem" (p. 2)
  • Marstaller, Martin: Cognatos in Brisgoia epistolae, Epistolae, Nundinis Hyemalibus Argentoratum missae. Barth: Prince. Printing house, 1591; Letter to Protasius Marstaller (Bl.A 4b)
  • Marstaller, Martin: Genealogia or family tree of the lavish old princely house of Stettin / Pomerania. Barth: Prince. Print shop, 1593. 122 × 89 cm
  • Marstaller, Martin: Connubialia Protasio GFGN Marstallero, lCto. consiliario Megapolitano et Annae NFNN Schuttenae, virgini patriciae Gustrouiensi, sponsis sacra. Unanimitas concordiae: Concordia felicitates mater. Barth: Princely printing house, 1601
  • Hamel, Jürgen: A renaissance scholar at the Barther Fürstenhof: Martin Marstaller. In: LandeBarth, Volume 6. Rostock 2014, pp. 36-40 (printed under the wrong author name)
  • Hamel, Jürgen: Bibliography of the prints of the Princely Printing House Barth 1582–1604. In: Baltic Studies, NF 100 (2014), pp. 83–127

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Cramer: Großes Pommersches Kirchen-Chronicon IV. P. 195 (afterwards Marstaller died on July 2nd)
  2. ↑ cf. Zedler, Volume 19, Sheet 930; Johann Jakob Günter: Life sketches of the professors at the University of Jena from 1558 to 1858 . P. 118; Melanchthon correspondence
  3. ^ Martin Wehrmann : Relations between Pomeranian princes and Florence. In: Baltic Studies . Old series, Vol. 28, Issue 1–5, Stettin 1878
  4. ↑ Ludwig Giesebrecht : Archaeological investigations. In: Baltic Studies . Old series, vol. 14, issue 1, Stettin 1850, p. 162
  5. ↑ Julius Theodor Müller: New contributions to the history of art and its monuments in Pomerania. VI. The ducal collection of portraits of famous men. In: Baltic Studies . New series, vol. 18, Stettin 1914, p. 66
personal data
SURNAME Marstaller, Martin
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Marstaller, Martinus; Marstallerus, Martinus
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Councilor and tutor of the sons of Duke Bogislaw XIII.
DATE OF BIRTH January 31, 1561
PLACE OF BIRTH Braunschweig
DATE OF DEATH July 1, 1615
Place of death Szczecin