Mat (river)

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Mat
Mati
Lower Mats near Milot

Lower Mats near Milot

Data
location Albania
River system Mat
muzzle Adriatic Sea Coordinates: 41 ° 38 ′ 12 "  N , 19 ° 34 ′ 17"  E 41 ° 38 ′ 12 "  N , 19 ° 34 ′ 17"  E
Mouth height 0  m

length 115 km
Catchment area 2441 km²
Drain MQ
 103 m³ / s
Right tributaries fan
Reservoirs flowed through Ulza Reservoir , Shkopet Reservoir
Small towns Burrel , Milot
Ulza Dam

Ulza Dam

Shkopet reservoir - the Mat gorge before entering the plain

Shkopet reservoir - the Mat gorge before entering the plain

Gorge of a source stream of the Mat in Martanesh

Gorge of a source stream of the Mat in Martanesh

The Mat River ( also Mati in Albanian ) drains parts of the Albanian mountain landscape northeast of Tirana . After 115 kilometers, it flows into the Adriatic Sea between the cities of Laç and Lezha .

The Mat arises from the confluence of several source streams in the mountainous region of Martanesh , where it and its tributaries form deep gorges. It drains a wide (high) valley, which also bears the name Mat . Then it passes a narrow gorge through the Skanderbeg Mountains, which separate the Mat region from the Albanian coastal plain. At the end of this incision it unites with its main tributary, the Fan . This drains the northern Mirdita . From then on, it's around 25 kilometers through the flat coastal plain until the river flows into the Drin Gulf . The entire catchment area covers an area of ​​2,441 square kilometers.

The Mat was dammed twice in the narrow gorge at the exit of the Mat valley. The Ulza reservoir ( Liqeni i Ulzës ) is formed by a 64 meter high and 126 meter long dam wall . It holds 124 million m³. The drop height of the water at the power station is around 55 meters. The hydropower plant was built by the Soviet specialists and put into operation in 1957. It is the first major hydropower plant in the country. At the beginning of the 2000s it was renewed with foreign help so that more output can be gained. Immediately below the Ulza dam is the narrow Shkopet reservoir ( Liqeni i Shkopetit ), which stretches for a few kilometers through the narrow gorge and is also equipped with a hydroelectric power station. This hydropower plant is three years younger and was also built under Soviet guidance. It will also be renewed around the year 2000. The dam is 53 meters high and 90 meters long. The height of fall there is around 36 meters.

The average flow rate of the mat is 103 m³ / s. This is the third largest value among the Albanian rivers. After rainfall it carries a lot of water, which repeatedly leads to flooding, but can be regulated much better through the construction of the power plants. The maximum amount of water exceeds the minimum amount of water over the course of the year by ten times.

Zogu Bridge (2011)

After the confluence with the Fan, the Mat forms a very wide river bed, which with its many gravel and boulders was an obstacle for travelers between northern and central Albania even at low tide. During the First World War , Austrian troops first built makeshift bridges near Milot , and later a real bridge, which they destroyed again when they withdrew. In 1927 the first permanent bridge was built over the river. The bridge with five large steel arches on concrete pillars spans 480 meters. It was planned by German and Swiss engineers . As one of the largest structures in Albania at that time, it was named Zogu Bridge in honor of the king . Later it was mostly referred to as the Mat bridge . It would take around 50 years for another bridge to cross the river in the coastal plain. The new structure for road and rail enabled a more direct connection, as the Zogu Bridge is located a little inland in the Mat Valley. The seven-meter-high bridge, built in 1981, was the longest in the country at 781 meters when it was built. Another 25 years later , a third Mat bridge was built even further west for the new expressway , which is to cross the country from north to south. This bridge is 650 meters long.

Web links

Commons : Mat  - collection of images, videos and audio files
  • Erwin Schnitter: The construction of the “Ura-Zogu” road bridge over the Mati River in Albania ( Schweizerische Bauzeitung 91/92 (1928) doi : 10.5169 / seals-42536 )

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f Alqiviadh Cullaj, Agim Hasko, Aleko Miho, Ferdinand Schanz, Helmut Brandl, Reinhard Bachofen: The quality of Albanian natural waters and the human impact , in: Environment International 31 (2005)
  2. ↑ a b Colenco Info August 2003. (PDF) (No longer available online.) Formerly in the original ; Retrieved May 28, 2012 .  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.colenco.ch
  3. ↑ a b M. Çelo, Helmut Obermoser, Rajmonda Bualoti, N. Hobdari: The rehabilitation of Drin River Cascade in Albania - A Financing Project . Volume MED04 / CA24. Lemesos ( document on researchgate.net [accessed December 21, 2015] Conference Paper - MedPower'04 Conference and Exhibition,).
  4. ↑ Drin River Cascade Rehabilitation Project. (PDF) In: Swiss Cooperation Office. Retrieved December 20, 2015 .
  5. ↑ a b Erwin Schnitter: The construction of the road bridge "Ura-Zogu" over the Mati river in Albania ( Schweizerische Bauzeitung 91/92 (1928) doi : 10.5169 / seals-42536 )
  6. ↑ Michael Schmidt-Neke : Traffic and Infrastructure in the Zogu Regime . In: German-Albanian Friendship Society (Hrsg.): Albanische Hefte . No. 2 , 2014, ISSN  0930-1437 , p. 15-17 .
  7. ^ Curriculum vitae of the engineer Gerold Schnitter (builder of the Zogu bridge) ( Memento from September 28, 2007 in the web archive archive.today )
  8. ↑ Akademia e Shkencave e RPSSH (ed.): Fjalor enciklopedik shqiptar . Tirana 1985.
  9. ↑ Matbrücke Milot (2002). In: structurae. Retrieved May 28, 2012 .