Martanesh

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Martanesh seen from the eastern edge towards Krasta

Martanesh ( Albanian  also  Martaneshi ) is a geographical and ethnographic region and a former municipality in eastern Albania. The area is remote in the mountains of Qark Dibra between Tirana in the west, Klos (Mat) in the north-west, Bulqiza in the north, Librazhd in the south-east and Elbasan in the south-west. Martanesh, the headwaters of the Mat River , borders the Golloborda mountain region in the east, the Çermenika mountain region in the south , the Mali me Gropa mountain range in the west and the Bulqiza valley in the north. The Mat drains to the northwest into the Mat region of the same name , which opens up into a wide basin there.

Mining in the Batra Mine area

The highest point in the Martanesh region is the Maja e Dhoksit ( 2020  m above sea level ). The western part with the narrow valleys and gorges of the source streams of the Mat is karst-like , in the eastern part there is ultra-basic rock of magmatic origin . The latter is also rich in raw materials, especially chromium , which is mined in numerous mines. This has been mined in the region since 1959, around ten years after chrome mining began in Bulqiza.

In addition to mining, the population mainly practices agriculture. The majority of the population is poor and almost 20% of families receive social assistance. There are three primary schools in the municipality. The village of Val was without electricity for years.

Martanesh consists of the mining town of Krasta with around 80% of the population and the seven villages of Gjon, Lena, Peshk, Val, Stavec, Melç and Ndërfushas, ​​of which only Peshk has more than 100 inhabitants. The community Martanesh was disbanded in 2015 during a nationwide territorial reform. The area now belongs to the Bashkia Bulqiza . In 2011 the community had 1,836 inhabitants. The area of ​​the former municipality and today's Njësia administrative (administrative unit) within the Bashkia Bulqiza is 164.5 hectares, but the geographical-ethnographic region extends beyond the borders into the Bashkia Tirana and the Bashkia Bulqiza. In communism the community belonged to the Mat district .

In physical geography, the entire mountainous region of Martanesh, Çermenika and Golloborda between the rivers Mat in the northwest, the catchment area of ​​the Drin in the northeast, the Shkumbin and its tributary Rapun and the Skanderbeg Mountains in the west are combined into one region. While the population of Çermenika is primarily oriented to the south and there are even many Macedonians in Golloborda, Martanesh is traditionally oriented to the northwest.

Apart from the connecting road Bulqiza - Qafa e Buallit - Krasta, the roads in the region were not paved until the mid-2010s. The tows from Krasta to the south are bad slopes. Val beyond the Mats gorge, on the other hand, is not connected to Krasta or the rest of the former municipality by road.

Many residents of the region are Bektashi . There are two Tekken in the area , the Tekke of Martanesh in Peshk, protected as a cultural monument, and the Tekke of Ballenja , southeast of Lena , where a pilgrimage takes place every year on June 29th . At the Tekke of Martanesh, Baba Faja Martaneshi was the leader of the Tekke; in World War II he fought in resistance against the occupiers.

Large areas are protected as landscape protection areas, particularly in the west and south. There are almost 20 mountain lakes in the area, some of which have partially dried up; most of them are in Karen . The largest is the Liqen i Zi (Black Lake) .

and display information about the image
Gorges on the outskirts of Peshk with mine below Krasta

literature

  • Komuna Martanesh (ed.): Komuna Martanesh - Plani Strategjik i Zhvillimit 2009-2014 . 2008 ( PDF [accessed December 11, 2016]).

Web links

Commons : Martanesh  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Akademia e Shkencave e RPSSH (ed.): Fjalor enciklopedik shqiptar . Tirana 1985, Martaneshi, p.  673 f .
  2. ↑ Chrome in Albania (PDF) ( Memento from March 13, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
  3. ↑ a b c d Komuna Martanesh: Komuna Martanesh - Plani Strategjik i Zhvillimit 2009-2014. (PDF) In: Këshilli i Qarkut Dibër. 2008, accessed December 15, 2016 (Albanian).
  4. ↑ Martaneshi mes historisë, pasurisë dhe varfërisë (Zëri i popullit, April 3, 2012) ( Memento of March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
  5. ↑ Ines Nurja: Censusi i popullsisë dhe banesave / Population and Housing Census - Dibër 2011 . Results Kryesore / Main Results. Ed .: INSTAT . Pjesa / Part 1. Adel Print, Tirana 2013 ( instat.gov.al [PDF; accessed April 14, 2019]).
  6. ↑ a b Akademia e Shkencave e RPSSH (ed.): Gjeografia fizike e Shqipërisë . tape 2 . Tirana 1991, B – I8 Malësitë e Martaneshit, Çermenikës dhe Gollobordës, p. 191 f .
  7. ↑ Official Record for Mali me Gropa-Bize-Martanesh. In: ProtectedPlanet. Retrieved December 16, 2016 .

Coordinates: 41 ° 25 ′ 0 ″  N , 20 ° 15 ′ 0 ″  E