Mathilde Wurm

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Mathilde Wurm (right) together with Lore Agnes (left) and Clara Zetkin (center) in front of the Reichstag in Berlin (1919)

Mathilde Sara Wurm (née Adler ; born September 30, 1874 in Frankfurt am Main , † April 1, 1935 in London , England ) was a German social worker and politician ( SPD , USPD ).

Live and act

Election poster of the SPD, Wilhelm Bock , Kurt Rosenfeld , August Frölich , Mathilde Wurm, Georg Dietrich , Karl Hermann , August Siemsen , Elsa Niviera, Erich Mäder
Stolperstein , Genthiner Strasse 41, in Berlin-Tiergarten

Mathilde Wurm was born as Mathilde Adler in 1874. Religiously known Wurm - according to the handbooks of the Reichstag - until 1924 for Judaism , from 1928 she was non-denominational. In her youth she attended a girls' college in Frankfurt am Main. From 1896 she worked as a social welfare worker in Berlin , where she joined the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD). Through her involvement in social democracy, she met the social democratic journalist Emanuel Wurm , who became her husband. Wurm, who maintained close contacts with Rosa Luxemburg and Clara Zetkin , was assigned to the left wing in the SPD and appeared more radical than her husband. As a social worker, Wurms made a special effort to find apprenticeships and career advice for young girls. In this capacity, she co-founded the first apprenticeship placement and advice service for young girls who left school. From 1903 to 1904 she was the head of the women's department of the Central Association for Proof of Work in Berlin .

In the course of the split in social democracy during the First World War , Wurm joined the Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany (USPD). For this she was active in agitation and writing. In 1917 she became Citizens' Deputy of the City of Berlin and from 1919 to 1921 she was city councilor there. In 1920 she was elected to the Berlin Reichstag for her party as a member of constituency 13 ( Thuringia ) .

After the dissolution of the USPD, whose members joined partly the SPD and partly the KPD , Wurm returned to the SPD in 1922 and switched to the social democratic parliamentary group. In the elections from 1924 to 1933, Wurm ran for her new old party, which she represented in parliament for almost nine years. In the Reichstag, Wurm made a name for herself above all as an expert on nutritional issues. Today Wurm's vote against the Enabling Act of March 1933 is considered the high point of her parliamentary career. As a social democratic journalist, Wurm worked on the magazines Die Kämpin and Die Gleichheit (1922–1923).

At the end of 1933, Wurm had to go into exile in England . She died in London on April 1, 1935. The circumstances of her death, she passed away with her party friend Dora Fabian , have not been fully clarified to this day. It was probably a double suicide . Her biographer Charmian Brinson concludes, however, that "there are no signs of a possible suicide".

A street in Bad Salzungen is named after Wurm; also earlier in Gera .

Fonts

  • Which profession should I choose? 1902.
  • The women and the Prussian state parliament. 1913.
  • Women's work. 1919.
  • Reichstag and women's rights. 1924.

literature

Non-fiction

  • Marta Globig: Wurm, Mathilde . In: History of the German labor movement. Biographical Lexicon . Dietz Verlag, Berlin 1970, pp. 493-494.
  • Ludger Heid : Wurm, Mathilde. In; Jutta Dick, Marina Sassenberg (ed.): Jewish women in the 19th and 20th centuries . Lexicon on life and work. Reinbek 1993, ISBN 3-499-16344-6 , pp. 408-409.
  • Marina Sassenberg: Wurm, Mathilde . In: Manfred Asendorf, Rolf von Bokel (ed.): Democratic ways. German résumés from five centuries . JB Metzler, Stuttgart, Weimar 1997 ISBN 3-476-01244-1 , pp. 697-698.
  • Charmian Brinson : The Strange Case of Dora Fabian and Mathilde Wurm. A Study of German Political Exiles in London during the 1930s. Publications of the Institute of Germanic Studies, 1997, ISBN 0-85457-181-7 .

Fiction

  • Anna Funder : All that I am. Penguin Books Australia, 2011.
    • dt. Everything I am. Novel. Fischer, Frankfurt am Main 2014.

Web links

Commons : Mathilde Wurm  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
personal data
SURNAME Worm, Mathilde
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Adler, Mathilde Sara (maiden name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German politician (SPD, USPD), MdR
DATE OF BIRTH September 30, 1874
PLACE OF BIRTH Frankfurt am Main , Germany
DATE OF DEATH April 1, 1935
Place of death London , England , UK