Max Eitingon

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Max Eitingon, 1922

Max Eitingon (born June 26, 1881 in Mogilew , Russian Empire ; died July 30, 1943 in Jerusalem ) was a doctor and psychoanalyst . He was a loyal supporter of Sigmund Freud and at times the main financier of the psychoanalytic movement. From 1925 to 1934 he served as President of the International Psychoanalytic Association .

Life

Memorial plaque for Max Eitingon. Altensteinstrasse 26, Berlin-Lichterfelde, from the series With Freud in Berlin

Max Eitingon was born as the fourth child of the successful tobacco merchant ("Pelzkönig vom Leipziger Brühl ") Chaim Eitingon and his wife Chasse Alexandra Lifschitz (1861–1929). In 1893 the family moved to Leipzig, where he attended secondary school. From 1900 to 1904 he studied medicine in Leipzig, Halle, Heidelberg and Marburg and then went to the University of Zurich, where he was assistant to Eugen Bleuler from 1906 to 1908 .

Even before Carl Gustav Jung , he was the first psychiatrist who made contact with his colleague Sigmund Freud because of his newly developed method of psychoanalysis . He was briefly analyzed by him before he settled in Berlin in 1910.

From 1919 he was a member of the "Secret Committee", to which Freud's closest collaborators belonged. Together with Karl Abraham , he founded the psychoanalytical outpatient clinic in Berlin in 1920 , the first institution of its kind in the world to offer psychoanalytic treatment even to poorly financed patients. Eitingon financed both this clinic and the International Psychoanalytical Publishing House to a considerable extent from the family fortune , to which Freud's quip referred: "The best cases of analysis are the skins of old Eitingon."

The Berlin Psychoanalytic Institute emerged from the polyclinic . In 1923, Eitingon introduced training guidelines at the institute. At the suggestion of Ernst Simmel , a committee was founded under Eitingon's chairmanship in 1924 to develop internationally valid guidelines for psychoanalytic training. International Congress in Bad Homburg before the height of 1925 became generally valid. Eitingon was elected chairman of the international teaching commission; he stayed that way until his death.

After he fled the Nazis to Palestine , he founded the Psychoanalytical Association of Palestine there with Moshe Wulff . Eitingon kept in touch with Freud and visited him several times in Vienna after 1933.

During the last years of Eitingon's life, it was said that he was a Soviet spy; Vladimir Nabokov wrote a short story about it . His cousin Naum Eitingon was involved in the contract murder of Trotsky .

See also

literature

  • Ten years of the Berlin Psychoanalytic Institute: Polyclinic and Educational Institute / Ed. Vd Dt. Psychoanalyst. Society. With e. Vorw. V. Sigmund Freud, Vienna: Internationaler Psychoanalytischer Verlag , 1930
  • Mosche Wulff (Ed.): Max Eitingon: in memoriam . Jerusalem: Israel Psycho-Analytical Society, cop. 1950
  • Emil Michael Johann Neiser: Max Eitingon; Life and work , dissertation University Mainz 1978
  • Regine Lockot: Remembering and working through: on the history of psychoanalysis and psychotherapy under National Socialism , Frankfurt am Main: Fischer-Taschenbuch-Verlag, 1985
  • Gerhard Wittenberger: Sigmund Freud's "Secret Committee": Processes of institutionalization in the "psychoanalytic movement" between 1912 and 1927 , Tübingen: Ed. discord, 1995
  • Sigmund Freud , Max Eitingon: "Briefwechsel 1906-1939", edition Diskord, 2004, ISBN 3-89295-741-X
  • Mary-Kay Wilmers : The Eitingons. A Twentieth Century Story. Faber & Faber, London 2009
  • Mirra and Max Eitingon. Lucifer Cupid. Journal for the history of psychoanalysis, issue 55, 28th year (2015) (special issue)
  • Eitingon, Max. In: Élisabeth Roudinesco ; Michel Plon: Dictionary of Psychoanalysis: Names, Countries, Works, Terms . Translation from French. Vienna: Springer, 2004, ISBN 3-211-83748-5 , pp. 208-212
  • Eitingon, Max. In: Lexicon of German-Jewish Authors . Volume 6: Dore – Fein. Edited by the Bibliographia Judaica archive. Saur, Munich 1998, ISBN 3-598-22686-1 , pp. 251-254.
  • Werner Röder; Herbert A. Strauss (Ed.): International Biographical Dictionary of Central European Emigrés 1933-1945 . Volume 2.1. Munich: Saur, 1983 ISBN 3-598-10089-2 , p. 254

Web links

Commons : Max Eitingon  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ "Eitingon financed the outpatient clinic with 16,000 Reichsmarks annually"; Lockot 1985: 41
  2. ↑ Lockot 1985: 325
  3. ^ Karl Pfeifer: Cherchez la femme and the Soviet secret service. ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In: David. Jewish culture magazine, issue 94, September 2012, Art. 736, sp @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.davidkultur.at
personal data
SURNAME Eitingon, Max
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Doctor and psychoanalyst
DATE OF BIRTH June 26, 1881
PLACE OF BIRTH Mogilev
DATE OF DEATH July 30, 1943
Place of death Jerusalem